年代80初中英语第四册Word文件下载.docx
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DIALOGUE(对话)
LETMEHELPYOU
W---Woman
L----Liumei
P----Policeman
H----Husband
(Atastreetcorner.)
W(Lookingveryworried):
Oh,dear!
WhatshallIdo?
(LiuMeiisonherwaytoseeafilm,butshestops.)
L:
What’sthematter,Granny?
CanIhelpyou?
W:
I’mheretoseemyhusband.He’sinhospital.Hewrotethenameofthehospitalinhisletter,butIcan’tfindtheletternow.whatshallIdo?
It’snotinanyofyourpockets?
No.
Maybeyouputitinyourbasket.
W(lookinginherbasket):
Ah,yes,hereitis!
(SheshowsittoLiuMei.)
Yes,thisisit.
HowcanIgetthere?
Idon’tknowtheway.
Idon’t,either,Granny.I’llaskthepoliceman.(Runstothepolicemanatthecorner.)
Excuseme,whichisthewaytotheEastStreetHospital?
P:
Godownthisstreet,thenturnrightatthesecondcrossing.Attheendoftheroadyou’llfindthehospital.It’sabouthalfanhour’swalk.Butyoucangettherebybus.
WhichbusshallItake?
TheNo.3busoverthere.It’lltakeyourightthere.
Thankyou.(Runsbacktotheoldwoman.)Granny,thehospitalisabitfarfromhere.Shallwegobybus?
Allright.
(Twentyminuteslatertheoldwomanfindsherhusband.Howhappytheyaretoseeeachother!
)
H:
Buthowdidyougethere?
Thislittlegirlbroughtme.
Whichgirl?
(TheylookaroundbutLiuMeiisalreadygone)
Whatagoodgirl!
(LiuMeiisverylateforthefilm,butshedoesn’tmind.)
GRAMMAR(语法)
冠词(TheArticle)
冠词是一种虚词,放在名词的前面,帮助说明名词的含义。
冠词分不定冠词(TheIndefiniteArticle)和定冠词(TheDefiniteArticle)两种。
a(an)是不定冠词,a用在辅音之前,如abook,aman;
an用在元音之前,如anoldwoman,anhour等。
the是定冠词。
1、不定冠词的用法
1)指人或事物的某一种类。
这是不定冠词a(an)的基本用法。
如:
Iamaboy.
Passmeanapple,please.
2)指某人或某物,但不具体说明何人或何物。
Aboyiswaitingforyou.
Heborrowedastory-bookfromthelibrary.
3)表示数量,有“一”的意思,但数的概念没有one强烈。
Ihaveamouth,anoseandtwoeyes.
4)用于某些固定词组中。
abit,afew,alittle,alotof,apieceof,acupof,aglassof,apileof等。
2、定冠词的用法
1)特指某些人或某些事物。
这是定冠词the的基本用法。
BeijingisthecapitalofChina.
Thebookonthedeskismine.(特指桌上的那本书。
注意名词book被短语onthedesk所限定。
2)指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。
Whereistheteacher?
(双方都知道指的是哪一位教师。
Openthewindow,please.(双方都知道指的是哪一扇窗。
3)指上文提过的人或事物。
Therewasachairbythewindow.Onthechairsatayoungwomanwithababyinherarms.Thebabywasthin.
4)用在世界上独一无二的事物前。
Theearthisbiggerthanthemoon,butsmallerthanthesun.
5)用在序数词和形容词的最高级前。
MrGreentaughtthefirstclass.
Aliceisthetallestinherclass.
6)用在某些专有名词前。
theGreatWall,theSummerPalace,theHistoryMuseum,theScienceMuseum,theCapitalStadium,theChildren’sPalace,theEastStreetHospital,theParty等。
7)用在一些习惯用语中。
intheday,inthemorning(afternoon,evening),thedayaftertomorrow,thedaybeforeyesterday,thenextmorning,bytheway等。
3、下列情况中一般不用冠词
1)在专有名词和不可数名词前。
China,GradeTwo,ClassThree,science,chalk,ink,paper,water,tea,milk等。
2)名词前已有做定语的this,that,my,your,some,any等代词。
Theletterisinherbasket.
Godownthisstreet.
3)复数名词表示一类人或事物时。
Myfatherandmotherareteachers.
Shelikesreadingstories.
4)在节日、日期、月份、季节前。
TodayisNewYear’sDay.
ItisSunday(Monday,Tuesday,etc)
March8isWomen’sDay.
Itiscoldinwinter.
5)在称呼语或表示头衔的名词前。
ThisisComradeWang.
6)在某些习惯用语中的名词前。
atmoon,atnight,atfirst,atlast,bybus,inbed,intime,infrontof,gotoschool,gotobed等。
7)在三餐饭和球类运动名称前。
Hegoestoschoolafterbreakfast.
Wearegoingtoplayfootball.
LESSON2
Whatwereyourparentsdoingateightlastnight?
Mumwassewing.AndDadwasreading.
Wereyouathomeyesterdayevening?
Yes.Iwasdoingsomecooking.
doingsomewashing.
learningEnglishontheradio.
Wereyoudoingthesamethingatthattime?
No,Iwasn’t.Iwasdoingmyhomework.
Whatwereyoudoingthistimeyesterday?
wereTomandPeter
wasJenny
Wewerecopyingthenewtext.
Theywere
Shewas
TEXT(课文)
THEMONKEYANDTHECROCODILE
Onedayalittlemonkeywasplayinginatalltreebytheriver.Acrocodilewasswimmingslowlynearthebankwithherbaby.Shelookedaroundforsomefood.Suddenlyshesawthemonkey.“Aha,there’smymeal,”shethought.Shethenturnedtoherson,“Doyouloveme,Son?
”
“Why,ofcourse,Mum!
”thebabycrocodilesaid.
“Wellthen,youcatchthatmonkeyandgivemehishearttoeat.”
“ButhowcanI?
”thebabycrocodileasked.“Monkeyscan’tswim,andIcan’tclimbtrees.”
“Youneedn’tclimbthetree,”hismothersaid.“Useyourhead,thenyou’llfindaway.”
Thebabycrocodilethoughthard.Thehehadanidea.Heswamnearthetreeandshouted,“Hey,Monkey!
Wouldyoulikesomebananas?
“Bananas!
Mm!
Ilovethem,”saidthemonkey.“Butwherearethey?
“Ontheothersideoftheriver.Therearesomebananatreesthere,andtheyhavelotsofbananasonthem.I’lltakeyouthereonmyback.”
“Good,”themonkeycamedownandjumpedontothecrocodile’sback.
(Tobecontinued)
疑问句(TheInterrogativeSentence)
英语的疑问句有四种:
一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句。
1、一般疑问句(TheGeneralQuestion)
用yes或no回到的疑问句,叫做一般疑问句。
这种疑问句通常是把动词be或have,助动词或情态动词放在主语之前,说时用升调。
Issheaworker?
Haveyouanypaper?
DoeshestudyEnglish?
2、特殊疑问句(TheSpecialQuestion)
用what,who,which等疑问代词和when,where,why,how等疑问副词引起的疑问句,叫做特殊疑问句。
这种疑问句不能用yes或no回答,说时用降低。
What’sthis?
Who’stheboyoverthere?
Whendoyougetup?
3、选择疑问句(TheAlternativeQuestion)
提出两种或两种以上的情况,要求对方选择一种,这种疑问句叫做选择疑问句。
它的结构是“一般疑问句+or+一般疑问句”,但常把后面一部分里面和前一部分相同的成分省略。
说时or前面部分用升调,后面部分用降调。
Isherbrotheradoctororateacher?
Doyouwantanewspaperoramagazine?
Shallwehaveameetingthisweekornext?
4、反意疑问句(TheDisjunctiveQuestion)
在陈述句之后附上一个简短问句,对陈述句所叙述的事实提出相反的疑问,这种疑问句叫做反意疑问句。
如前一部分为肯定式,后一部分用否定式。
反之,如前一部分为否定式,后一部分就用肯定式。
说时,反意疑问句的前一部分用降调,后一部分,在表示疑问时用升调,在表示强调时用降调。
He’sateacher,↗isn’the?
他是教师,是不是?
She’sanurse,↘isn’tshe?
她是护士,不是吗?
对反意疑问句的回答,不管问题的提法如何,若事实是肯定的,就要用yes,事实是否定的,就要用no。
这和汉语不一样,应特别注意。
Heisn’taworker,ishe?
他不是工人,是吗?
Yes,heis.不,他是工人。
No,heisn’t.对,他不是工人。
LESSON3
Iwascookingwhensheknockedatthedoor.
Yousawtheboysintheclassroomjustnow,didn’tyou?
Yes,Idid.
Whatweretheydoing?
TheyweredoingmathsexerciseswhenIleft.
drawingamapoftheworld
puttingupsomepicturesonthewall
Didyouseeyourteacherintheoffice?
Wasshehavingameeting?
No,shewasn’t.
ShewastalkingtosomeparentswhenIsawher.
goingoverourexercises
preparingthenewlessonwithotherteachers
(Continued)
Soontheywereinthemiddleoftheriver.Suddenlythecrocodilewentdownunderthewater.Whenhecameupagain,themonkeywasallwet.“Don’tdothat!
”themonkeycried.“Don’tdothatagain!
Ican’tswim,youknow.”
“Iknow,butIhaveto,”answeredthecrocodile.“Mymotherwantstoeatyourheart.”
Thelittlemonkeywasclever.“Whydidn’tyoutellmeearlier?
”heasked.
“Myheartisn’therewithme.Ileftitinthattreeoverthere.”
“Thenwe’llhavetogobackforit.Motherdoesn’twantyouwithoutyourheart.”Thecrocodileturnedandswambacktothebank.
Soontheyreachedthebank.Themonkeyjumpedoffthecrocodileatonce,pickedupabigstoneandquicklyclimbedupthetree.Thecrocodilewaitedandwaited.Ashewaswaiting,hesuddenlyheardavoicefromabove:
“Hey,Crocodile!
Thecrocodilelookedup.Themonkeywashangingfromthetreebyhistailandlaughing.
“Here’smyheart.Comeupandgetit.Don’tkeepyourmotherwaiting…Youcan’tcomeup?
Well,catch!
Withthesewords,hethrewthebigstoneatthecrocodile.
过去进行时(ThePastContinuousTense)
1、过去进行时由“was(were)+现在分词”构成。
2、过去进行时的用法:
表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。
这一特定的过去时间,除有上下文暗示以外,一般用时间状语来表示。
1)A:
Wewerecleaningtheclassroom.
2)Mumwasdoingsomewashingyesterdayevening.
3)TheteacherwastalkingtosomeparentswhenIsawher.
3、一般过去时与过去进行时用法比较:
一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,而过去进行时则表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作。
Marywrotealettertoherfriendlastnight.
玛丽昨晚给她的朋友写了封信。
(信写完了)
Marywaswritingalettertoherfriendlastnight.
玛丽昨晚一直在给她的朋友写信。
(信不一定写完)
LESSON4
WhendidyougogotheChildren’sPalace?
IwentthereafterIfinishedmyhomework.
Wasitrainingwhenyoucametoschoolyesterday?
whenschoolwasover
whenyoutookyourgrandmothertothehospital
Yes,itwas.Itwasraininghard.(No,itwasn’t.Butthegroundwasquitewet)
Wheredidyourbrotherstudybeforehebecameanartist?
beforehewenttocollege?
beforehejoinedthearmy?
HestudiedattheNo.2MiddleSchool.
Whendidyougotobedlastnight?
IwenttobedatabouttenafterIdidmyhomework.
afterIwrotealettertomygrandfather.
aftertheTVplaywasover
IT’SUNFAIR
Jennywasagoodgirl,butshehadoneshortcoming.Shewasoftenlateforschool.Onemorningwhenshecameinlate,MrBlack,herteacher,gotangry.
“I’llwritetoyourfatherifyouaren’thereon