高中英语人教版必修一全册课文内容电子版.docx

高中英语人教版必修一全册课文内容电子版.docx

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Unit1ANNE’SBESTFRIEND

Doyouwantafriendwhomyoucouldtelleverythingto,likeyourdeepestfeelingsandthoughts?

Orareyouafraidthatyourfriendwouldlaughatyou,orwouldnotunderstandwhatyouaregoingthrough?

AnneFrankwantedthefirstkind,soshemadeherdiaryherbestfriend.

AnnelivedinAmsterdamintheNetherlandsduringWorldWarII.HerfamilywasJewishsotheyhadtohideortheywouldbecaughtbytheGermanNazis.Sheandherfamilyhidawayfornearlytwenty-fivemonthsbeforetheywerediscovered.Duringthattimetheonlytruefriendwasherdiary.Shesaid,“Idon'twanttosetdownaseriesoffactsinadiaryasmostpeopledo,butIwantthisdiaryitselftobemyfriend,andIshallcallmyfriendKitty.”NowreadhowshefeltafterbeinginthehidingplacesinceJuly1942.

Thursday15thJune,1942

DearKitty,

IwonderedifitisbecauseIhaven’tbeenabletobeoutdoorsforsolongthatI’vegrownsocrazyabouteverythingtodowithnature.Icanwellrememberthattherewasatimewhenadeepbluesky,thesongofthebirds,moonlightandflowerscouldneverhavekeptmespellbound.That’schangedsinceIcamehere.

■■■Forexample,oneeveningwhenitwassowarm,Istayedawakeonpurposeuntilhalfpasteleveninordertohaveagoodlookatthemoonbymyself.Butasthemoongavefartoomuchlight,Ididn’tdaretoopenawindow.Anothertimefivemonthsago,1happenedtobeupstairsatduskwhenthewindowwasopen.Ididn'tgodownstairsuntilthewindowhadtobeshut.Thedark,rainyevening,thewind,thethunderingcloudsheldmeentirelyintheirpower:

itwasthefirsttimeinayearandahalfthatI’dseenthenightfacetoface■■■

■■■Sadly■■■Iamonlyabletolookatnaturethroughdirtycurtainshangingbeforeverydustywindows.It’snopleasurelookingthroughtheseanylongerbecausenatureisonethingthatreallymustbeexperienced.

Yours,

Anne

Unit2Englisharoundtheworld

TheroadtomodernEnglish

Attheendofthe16thcentury,aboutfivetosevenmillionpeoplespokeEnglish.NearlyallofthemlivedinEngland.Laterinthenextcentury,peoplefromEnglandmadevoyagestoconquerotherpartsoftheworldandbecauseofthat.Englishbegantobespokeninmanyothercountries.Today,morepeoplespeakEnglishastheirfirst,secondorforeignlanguagethaneverbefore.

NativeEnglishspeakerscanunderstandeachothereveniftheydon’tspeakthesamekindofEnglish.Lookatthisexample:

BritishBetty:

Wouldyouliketoseemyflat?

AmericanAmy:

Yes.I'dliketocomeuptoyourapartment.

SowhyhasEnglishchangedovertime?

Actually,alllanguageschangeanddevelopwhenculturesmeetandcommunicatewitheachother.Atfirst,theEnglishspokeninEnglandbetweenaboutAD450and1150wasverydifferentfromtheEnglishspokentoday.ItwasbasedmoreonGermanthantheEnglishwespeakatpresent.ThengraduallybetweenaboutAD800and1150.EnglishbecamelesslikeGermanbecausethosewhoruledEnglandspokefirstDanishandlaterFrench.ThesenewsettlersenrichedtheEnglishlanguageandespeciallyitsvocabulary.

Sobythe1600’sShakespearewasabletomakeuseofawidervocabularythaneverbefore.In1620someBritishsettlersmovedtoAmerica.Laterinthe18thcenturysomeBritishpeopleweretakentoAustraliatoo.Englishbegantobespokeninbothcountries.

Finallybythe19lhcenturythelanguagewassettled.AtthattimetwobigchangesinEnglishspellinghappened:

firstSamuelJohnsonwrotehisdictionaryandlaterNoahWebsterwroteTheAmericaDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguage.ThelattergaveaseparateidentitytoAmericanEnglishspelling.

EnglishnowisalsospokenasaforeignorsecondlanguageinSouthAsia.Forexample,IndiahasaverylargenumberoffluentEnglishspeakersbecauseBritainruledIndiafrom1765to1947.DuringthattimeEnglishbecamethelanguageforgovernmentandeducation.EnglishisalsospokeninSingaporeandMalaysiaandcountriesinAfricasuchasSouthAfrica.TodaythenumberofpeoplelearningEnglishinChinaisincreasingrapidly.Infact,ChinamayhavethelargestnumberofEnglishlearners.WillChineseEnglishdevelopitsownidentity?

Onlytimewilltell.

STANDARDENGLISHANDDIALECTS

WhatisstandardEnglish?

IsitspokeninBritain,theUS,Canada,Australia,IndiaandNewZealand?

Believeitornot,thereisnosuchthingasstandardEnglish.Thisisbecauseintheearlydaysofradio,thosewhoreportedthenewswereexpectedtospeakexcellentEnglish.However,onTVandtheradioyouwillheardifferencesinthewaypeoplespeak.

Whenpeopleusewordsandexpressionsdifferentfrom“standardlanguage”,itiscalledadialect.AmericanEnglishhasmanydialects,especiallythemidwestern,southern,AfricanAmericanandSpanishdialects.EveninsomepartsoftheUSA,twopeoplefromneighboringtownsspeakalittlediffe