人教版初二下英语第10讲unit 5语法篇教师版文档格式.docx
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A:
I’mgoingtothepostoffice.我要去邮局。
B:
Whileyouarethere,canyougetmesomestamps?
当你在邮局时,能帮我买几张邮票吗?
2、“主长从长”型:
即主句和从句为两个同时进行的动作或存在的状态,且强调主句动作或状态延续到从句所指的整个时间,此时通常要用while。
IalwayslistentotheradiowhileI’mdriving.我总是一边开车一边听收音机。
Hedidn’taskmein;
hekeptmestandingatthedoorwhilehereadthemessage.他没有让我进去,他只顾看那张条子,让我站在门口等着。
但是,若主句和从句所表示的两个同时进行的动作含有“一边……一边”之意时,则习惯上要用as。
Heswunghisarmsashewalked.他走路时摆动着手臂。
Icouldn’trememberastorytotellthechildren,soImadeoneupasIwentalong.我想不出有什么故事可给孩子讲了,只好现编现讲。
3、“主长从短”型:
即主句是一个持续性动作,而从句是一个短暂性动作,此时可以用as或when,但不能用while。
Itwasraininghardwhen[as]wearrived.我们到达时正下着大雨。
When[As]hecamein,Iwaslisteningtotheradio.他进来时,我在听收音机。
二、根据主句与从句动作是否同时发生来区分
1、若主句与从句表示的是两个同时发生的短暂性动作,含有类似汉语“一……就”的意思,英语一般要用as(也可用when)。
Theicecrackedas[when]Isteppedontoit.我一踩冰就裂了。
Hejumpedtohisfeetasthebosscamein.老板一进来他立刻站了起来。
但是,在hardly[scarcely]…when…句式中,不能将when换成as。
Scarcelyhadwearrived,whenitbegantorain.我们刚一到就下起雨来了。
2、若主句与从句表示的是两个几乎同时发生的短暂性动作,含有类似汉语“刚要……就”“正要……却”的意思,英语一般要用as(也可用when),且此时通常连用副词just。
Icaughthimjustwhen[as]hewasleavingthebuilding.他正要离开大楼的时候,我把他截住了。
Justas[when]thetwomenwereleaving,amessagearrived.就在这两个人要离开的时候,突然有了消息。
三、根据是否具有伴随变化来区分
若要表示主句动作伴随从句动作同时发展变化,有类似汉语“随着”的意思,英语习惯上要用as,而不用when或while。
Theroomgrewcolderasthefireburntdown.随着炉火逐渐减弱,房间越来越冷。
Astimegoesbymymemoryseemstogetworse.随着时间的流逝,我的记忆力似乎越来越差。
注:
若不是引导从句,而是引出一个短语,则用with,不用as。
Withwintercomingon,it’stimetobuywarmclothes.随着冬天到来,该买暖和衣裳了。
Theshadowslengthenedwiththeapproachofsunset.随着太阳下落,影子也逐渐伸长。
四、根据从句动作的规律性来区分
若暗示一种规律性,表示“每当……的时候”,英语一般要用when。
It’scoldwhenitsnows.下雪时天冷。
Hesmileswhenyoupraisehim.你夸奖他时他总是笑笑。
五、根据主从句动作的先后顺序来区分
若主句与从句所表示的动作不是同时发生,而是有先后顺序时,一般要用when。
Whenhearriveshe’lltellusallaboutthematch.等他到了,他会好好给我们讲讲那场比赛的情况。
Whenshehadfinishedshewaitedasthoughforareply.她讲完之后等了等,仿佛是在等候回答似的。
六、根据是否具有“趁机”意味来区分
1、若从句所表示的“当……的时候”具有“趁机”的意味,则通常用while。
Strikewhiletheironishot.趁热打铁。
特色讲解
1.---Itelephonedyouyesterdayafternoonbutnobodyanswered.
---Oh,I
afilmatthattime.
A.
see
B.
saw
C.
isseeing
D.
wasseeing
2.Whilethewoman
theaccidenthappened.
shopped
isshopping
wasshopping
shops
3.He
home
itbegantorain.
iswalking;
when
waswalking;
while
4.I
thecharityshowonTVwhenthetelephonerang.
watch
watched
amwatching
waswatching
5.Whilemyparents
TVlastnight,I
anewcomputergameinmybedroom.
watched;
haveplayed
werewatching;
wasplaying
hadwatched;
wouldwatch;
解析:
1.因为时间状语是atthattimeyesterday,因此为过去进行时,故选D。
2.因为是while引导的时间状语从句,主句为过去时,从句为过去进行时,故选C。
3.因为时间状语从句的谓语动词为点动词,故用when引导,主句用过去进行时,故本题选C.
4.本题为when引导的典型句型,从句为点动词的一般过去时,主句用过去进行时,故选D。
5.While引导的从句为过去进行时,主句为延续性动词,也为过去进行时,故选B。
当堂练习
基础演练
一、用所给词的适当形式填空
1.Thecar______(sudden)stoppedinfrontofme.
2.Thegirlbegantodreamwhenshefell_______(sleep).
3.It’ssnowing_______(heavy).You’dbetternotgoout.
4.Don’ttalkwith_______(strange)ontheInternet.Theymaybebadmen.
5.Lisadreamsofbeinga______(report).
6.Ifyoudon’ttellmethe_______(true),Iwillbreakupwithyou.
7.Theydidn’tsayanywords.Theywenthomein_______(silent).
8.Greatchangeshavetakenplace_______(recent).
9.Theladywas_____(kill)lastnight.Nobodyknewwhokilledher.
10.Excuseme,butImustsayyouare______(complete)wrong.
1.suddenly2.asleep3.heavily4.strangers5.reporter
6.truth7.silence8.recently9.killedpletely
二、翻译(根据中文提示完成句子)
11.昨天晚上八点你和你妈妈在干什么?
What
youandyourmother
ateighto'
clockyesterdayevening?
12.当琳达睡觉的时候,詹妮正在帮玛丽做作业。
WhileLinda
Jenny
Marywithherhomework.
13.当我们在广播上听到这个消息的时候,我们正在厨房吃晚餐。
We
dinnerinthekitchen
weheardthenewsontheradio.
14.我正做饭的时候伤到了自己。
Ihurtmyself
I
.
15.那是在她吃午饭的时候发生的事。
Shewaseatingherlunch
二、翻译(根据中文提示完成句子)
11.were;
doing
12.wassleeping,washelping
13.wereeating,when
14.while,wascooking
15.whenithappened
巩固提高
翻译(根据中文提示完成句子)
1.我不知道他的主意是否有效。
Idon'
tknowifhisideawill
2.如果你那样做,你就会使她陷入困境。
Ifyoudothat,youmight
her
3.他们静静地坐在那里,仔细阅读每一个问题。
Theysatthere
andreadeveryquestioncarefully.
4.你告诉我的一切,可能影响我自己的看法。
Whatyouhavetoldmemay
tomyownopinion.
5.为了按时到校,他起床更早了。
Hegotupearlier
gettoschoolontime.
1.workout
2.get,intotrouble
3.insilence
4.makeadifference
5.inorderto
当堂检测
一、适当形式填空(单句适当形式)
1.Mymotherwas
(cook)dinnerwhenIcamebackfromschool.
2.---Icalledyouthismorning,butnobodyansweredit.
---Oh,we
(do)somerunninginthepark.
3.---IsawMr.Smithintheofficeatteno'
clockyesterdaymorning.
---That'
strue.He
(have)animportantmeetingwithusthen.
4.---Wherewereyouthismorning?
---I
(shop)inthesupermarket.
5.ThereportersaidthattheUFO
(travel)fromeasttowestwhenhesawit.
二、单项选择
6.Ididn'
thearyoubecauseI
thenewsontheradio.
listento
amlisteningto
listenedto
waslisteningto
7.ImetagoodfriendofminewhileI
onthestreet.
walks
walk
waswalking
amwalking
8.---Wereyouatschoolwhenhecametoseeyou?
---Yes,I
amathclass.
amhaving
washaving
had
have
9.---Wherewereyouat7:
00lastnight?
tomymomathome.
write
wrote
amwriting
waswriting
10.---Couldyoutellmewhathesaidjustnow?
---Sorry,I
whatwashappeningoutside.
amthinking
wasthinking
thought
think
三、完形填空
LastFridayastormvisitedvillagesinHonolulu.Itdestroyedfourteenhouses.Sevenothersweresobadly11
thattheirownershadtoleavethem,andfifteenothershad12
windows,doorsorroofs.Onepersonwas13
severalwerebadlywoundedandtakento14
andanumberofotherpeoplegot15
.Altogetherovertwohundredpeoplewere16
asaresultofthestorm.
Afarmer,Mr.Sabin,saidthatthe17
beganearlyinthemorningandlastedforoveranhour.
"
Iwasinthekitchenwithmywifeandchildren,"
hesaid,"
whenweheardaloud18
.Afewminuteslaterourhousefelldownontopofus.We19
toclimboutbutveryfrightened."
Mrs.Rolandsaidthatherhusbandhadjust20
workwhenshenoticedherhouse21
.Sherushedoutsideimmediatelywithherchildren.
Therewasno22
totakeanything,"
shesaid."
Afewminuteslater,theroof23
."
Soldiershelpedtobring24
outofthefloodedareaandthegovernment25
themwithfood,clothesandtents.
11.
damaged
hurt
harmed
12.
repaired
broken
opened
13.
saved
killed
stolen
14.
cinema
school
hospital
15.
tired
injured
excited
16.
sad
bored
homeless
17.
snow
storm
earthquake
18.
cry
voice
noise
19.
managed
wanted
searched
20.
lookedfor
leftfor
waitedfor
21.
sleeping
running
shaking
22.
work
time
people
23.
felldown
stoodup
fixedup
24.
food
animals
25.
remembered
provided
produced
答案
一、适当形式填空(单句适当形式)
1.cooking
2.weredoing
3.washaving
4.wasshopping
5.wastraveling
6.D7.C8.B9.D10.B
11.A12.B13.B14.C15.B
16.C17.B18.C19.A20.B
21.C22.B23.A24.C25.B
家庭作业
阅读理解
Whatareyougoingtodoifyouareinaburninghouse?
Howwillyouescape?
Doyouknowhowtosaveyourself?
Pleasereadthefollowingpassage.
Escapingfromafireisaseriousmatter.Knowingwhattododuringafirecansaveyourlife.Itisimportanttoknowthewaysyoucanuseandshowthemtoeveryoneinthefamily,suchasstairways(楼梯)andfireescapes,butnotlifts.
Fromthelowerfloorsofthebuildings,escapingthroughwindowsispossible.Learnthebestwayofleavingbywindowswiththeleastchanceofseriousinjury(受伤).
Thesec