中考英语补全对话的特点及考点归纳.doc
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补全对话的特点及解题技巧
补全对话是考查交际会话能力的主要题型.它可考查课标和教材中出现的所有交际功能项目,如打电话,谈论天气,度假,看病,购物等。
强调了语境的作用,加大了对语言运用能力的检测力度。
内容上更加接近学生日常生活,在一段对话中留出若干空白,要求学生从所给的选项中选出恰当的句子或填写合适的单词,使补全后的对话完整、通顺、意义正确。
它要求学生根据上下文的逻辑关系,在整体把握对话的基础上,去分析、判断与综合,初步考查学生口语运用的能力。
有利于考察学生理解和应用英语知识的能力。
复习和解题中要注意以下几点:
1.通读对话全文,摸清对话发生的地点、时间,人物的身份,对话的内容。
2.理清上下句的逻辑关系,使你填入的话和整篇对话文理通顺,融为一体。
答题时,依据语言环境补全对话,逐句推敲。
3.符合说英语国家人的习惯。
答题时,语言要得体,表达要地道。
要注意口语交际中的一些习惯用语,特别是汉语和英语表达方式的不同,要认真通读对话。
4.应将一些常见情景下经常运用的句型,词组背熟。
比如:
看病,问路,邀请等常规用语。
5.注意空白处的标点。
是问号,就应填问句;是句号,就应填陈述句。
知识清单
一.社会交际:
1.问候
(1)A:
Hello/Hi.B:
Hello/Hi.
(2)A:
Hello.Howareyou?
B:
Fine,thankyou.And(howare)you?
A:
Verywell,thankyou.
(3)A:
Goodmorning/afternoon/evening.
B:
Goodmorning/afternoon/evening.
(4)A:
Hi,Jim!
B:
Hi,LiLei.Nicetomeetyouagain!
(5)A:
Hi,Sam!
Howareyoutoday?
B:
Oh,hello,LinTao.Fine,thanks.Whataboutyou?
(5)Pleasesayhellotoyourparents.
Pleasegivemybestwishestoyourparents.
2.介绍
(1)自我介绍:
①A:
MynameisLinYan.Gladtomeetyou.
B:
Nicetomeetyou.MynameisLiLei.
②A:
Excuseme.What’syourname,please?
B:
MynameisRobertThomasBrown.
A:
MayIcallyourRobert?
B:
Certainly./Ofcourse.
(2)介绍他人:
①A:
ThisisMrHuang.
B:
Howdoyoudo?
C:
MynameisLinPing.Howdoyoudo?
/Nicetomeetyou.
②A:
ThisisMr.Huang.
B:
Nicetomeetyou.
C:
Gladtomeetyou.
注意:
在交际场合,介绍常常伴随着问候,可参见问候用语。
3.告别
(1)告别前,客方表示要离开的常用语:
①IamafraidImustbegoingnow.
②IamafraidImustgonow.
③Ithinkit’stimeformetoleavenow.
④Ithinkit’stimeforustogonow.
(2)双方相互道别时的常用短语:
Goodbye!
Bye-bye!
Bye!
Seeyoulater!
Seeyou!
4.感谢和应答
(1)感谢某人:
①Thankyou./Thanksalot./Thankyouverymuch.
②Thankyouforyouhelp.
③It’sverykind/niceofyoou.
④Thankyouallthesame.
(2)回答感谢时的答语:
①It’sapleasure./Withmypleasure.
②That’sOK./That’sallright.
③You’rewelcome.
④Notatall.
5.道歉
(1)当要麻烦别人时:
Excuseme,please!
Ibegyourpardon.
(2)当做错某事时:
Sorry.I’msorryfor…I’msorrrythat…
(3)回答道歉时的答语:
①Nevermind.
②That’sOK./That’sallright.
③It’snothing.
④Itdoesn’tmatter.
6.邀请和应答
(1)表示邀请的用语:
①Willyoucometomyparty?
②Wouldyouliketogoforawalk?
③MayIinviteyoutodinner?
④How/Whataboutgoingforawalk?
(2)接受邀请时的答语:
①Yes,I’dlove/iketo.
②Yes.It’sverykindofyou.
③Thatwouldbenice.
(3)拒绝邀请时的答语:
No,thankyou.I’dlove/liketo,but…
7.请求和应答
(1)表请求的用语:
MayI…?
Can/CouldI…?
WouldmindifIsmokehere?
(2)表肯定的答语:
Sure/Certainly.Yes,doplease.
That’sallright.Ofcourse,youcan.
(3)表否定时的答语:
I’mafraidnot.I’msorry,butyoumustn’t/can’t.
You’dbetternot.
8.祝愿、祝贺和应答
(1)祝贺用语:
Haveagoodday/time!
Haveagoodjourney/trip.
Goodluck.Enjoyyourself!
Bestwishestoyou!
HappyNewYear!
MerryChristmas!
Welldone!
Happybirthday!
Congratulations!
(2)应答:
Thankyou.You,too.Thesametoyou.
9.提供帮助和应答
(1)提供帮助:
CanIhelpyou?
Wouldyoulikemetohelpyou?
WhatcanIdoforyou?
Letmehelpyou.
(2)肯定回答:
Yes,please.Yes,thanks.Thankyouforyourhelp.
Thankyou.Thatwouldbenice.
(3)否定答语:
No,thanks/thankyou.
That’sveryniceofyou,butIcan’tmanageitmyself.
10.约会
(1)约会前询问对方有无空闲时间:
Areyoufreethismorning/afternoon/evening?
(2)常用答语:
Yes,I’llbefreethen.
No,Iwon’tbefreethen.ButIwillbefreetomorrow.
(3)提出约会时间、地点以征求对方意见的用语:
Howabouttomorrowmorning?
Shallwemeetat3:
00attheschoolgate?
(4)常用答语:
Yes,that’sallright.Allright,seeyouthen.
11.打电话
(1)打电话人常用语:
Hello!
MayIspeakto…?
Isthat…speaking?
(注意:
不能用Areyou…?
或Whoareyou)
CanIleaveamessage?
I’llcallbacklater/again.
I’llring/callhim/herupagain.
(2)接电话人常用语:
Hello!
ThisisTomspeaking.(注意:
不能用I’mTom)
Hello!
Whoisthat?
Holdon,please!
Tomisn’thererightnow.Sorry,butTomisout.
CanItakeamessageforyou?
Sorry,I’mafraidyouhavethewrongnumber.
12.就餐
(1)主人常用语:
Whatwouldyouliketohave?
Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrinnk?
Helpyouselftosomechicken?
Wouldyoulikesomemorerice?
(2)客人常用语:
Yes,I’dlikeadrink.I’dlikericeandchhicken.
Justalittle,please.CanIhavesomemoresoup?
It’ssodelicious.Thankyou.
No,thankyou.I’vehadenough.
I’mfull,thankyou.
13.看病
(1)医生诊断常用语:
What’sthematter?
What’swrongwithyou?
Doyouhaveafever?
Howlonghaveyoufeltlikethis?
It’snothingserious.You’llbeallright/wellsoon.
Takethismedicinethreetimesaday.
(2)病人叙述病情常用语:
Ifeelterrible/bad.Idon’tfeelwell.
I’vegotacold/cough/headache.
I’vegotapainhere.
Thereissomethingwrongwithmyeyes.
Ithurtshere.Ican’tsleepwell.
14.购物
(1)售货员常用语:
Can/MayIhelpyou?
WhatcanIdoforyou?
Whatcolor/size/kinddoyoulike?
Whataboutthisone?
Here’syourchange.
(2)顾客常用语:
Iwant/wouldlikeapairofshoes.
Howmuchisit/arethey?
MayItryiton?
It’stoosmall/big.Sorry,it’stooexpe