大学英语四级真题完整版含答案文档格式.docx

大学英语四级真题完整版含答案文档格式.docx

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SectionA

Weallknowthereexistsgreatvoid（空白）inthepubliceducationalsystemwhenitcomesto 

（26）_______toSTEM（Science,Technology,EngineeringMathematics）,OneeducatornamedDoriRobertsdecidedtodosomethingtochangethissystem.Doritaughthighschoolengineeringfor11years.Shenoticedtherewasarealvoidinqualitystemeducationatall 

（27）_______ofthepubliceducationalsystem.shesaid,“IstartedEngineeringforkids（EFK）afternoticingareallackofmath,scienceandengineeringprogramsto 

（28）_______myownkidsin.”

Shedecidedtostartanafterschoolprogramwherechildren 

（29）_______inSTEM-basedcompetitions.Theclubgrewquicklyandwhenitreached180membersandthekidsintheprogramwonseveralstate 

（30）_______.shedecidedtodevoteallhertimetocultivatingand（31）_______itTheglobalbusinessEFKwasborn.

DoribeganoperatingEFKoutofherVirginiahome,whichshethenexpandedto 

（32）_______recreationcenters.Today,theEFKprogram 

（33）_______over144branchesin32stateswithintheUnitedStatesandin21countries.Saleshavedoubledfrom$5millionin2014to$10millionin2015,with25newbranchesplannedfor2016.theEFKwebsitestates,“Ournationisnot 

（34）_______enoughengineers.Ourphilosophyistoinspirekidsatayoungagetounderstandthatengineeringisagreat 

（35）_______.”

A） 

attracted 

B） 

career

C） 

championships

D） 

degrees

E） 

developing

F） 

enroll

G） 

exposure

H） 

feasible

I） 

feeding

J） 

graduating

K） 

interest

L） 

levels

M）local

N） 

operates 

O） 

participated

SectionB

Whyaren’tyoucuriousaboutwhathappened?

[A]“YoususpendedRayRiceafterourvideo，”areporterfromTMZchallengedNationalFootballLeagueCommissionerRogerGoodelltheotherday.“Whydidn’tyouhavethecuriositytogotothecasino（赌场）yourself?

”Theimplicationofthequestionisthatamorecuriouscommissionerwouldhavefoundawaytogetthetape.

[B]Theaccusationofincuriosityisonethatwehearoften,carryingthesuggestionthatthereissomethingwrongwithnotwantingtosearchoutthetruth,”havebeenbotheredforalongtimeaboutthecuriouslackofcuriosity,”saidaDemocraticmemberoftheNewJerseylegislaturebackinJuly,referringtoaninsufficientlyinquiringattitudeonthepartofanassistanttoNewJerseyGovernorChrisChristiewhochosenottoaskhardquestionsabouttheGeorgeWashingtonBridgetrafficscandal.“Isn’tthemainstreammediatheleastbitcuriousaboutwhathappened?

”wroteconservativewriterJenniferRubinearlierthisyear,referringtotheattackonAmericansinBenghazi,Libya.

[C]Theimplication,ineachcase,isthatcuriosityisagoodthing，andalackofcuriosityisaproblem.Aresuchaccusationssimplyeffortstoscorepoliticalpointsforone’sparty?

Oristheresomethingofparticularvalueaboutcuriosityinandofitself?

[D]ThejournalistIanLeslie,inhisnewandenjoyablebookCurious:

TheDesiretoKnowandWhyYourFutureDependsonIt,insiststhattheanswertothatlastquestionis‘Yes’.Lesliearguesthatcuriosityisamuch-overlookedhumanvirtue,crucialtooursuccess,andthatwearelosingit.

[E]Wearesuffering,hewrites,froma“serendipitydeficit.”Theword“serendipity”wascoinedbyHoraceWalpoleinan1854letter,fromataleofthreeprinceswho“werealwaysmakingdiscoveries,byaccident,ofthingstheywerenotinsearchof.”LeslieworriesthattheriseoftheInternet,amongothersocialandtechnologicalchanges,hasreducedourappetiteforaimlessadventures.Nolongerhavewetheinclinationtoletourselveswanderthroughfieldsofknowledge,readytobesurprised.Instead,weseekonlytheinformationwewant.

[F]Whyisthisaproblem?

Becausewithoutcuriositywewilllosethespiritofinnovationandentrepreneurship.Wewillseeunimaginativegovernmentsanddyingcorporationsmakedisastrousdecisions.Wewillloseavitalpartofwhathasmadehumanityasawholesosuccessfulasaspecies.

[G]Lesliepresentsconsiderableevidenceforthepropositionthatthesocietyasawholeisgrowinglesscurious.IntheU.S.andEurope,forexample,theriseoftheInternethasledtoadecliningconsumptionofnewsfromoutsidethereader’sborders.Butnoteverythingistobeblamedontechnology.ThedeclineininterestinliteraryfictionisalsooneofthecausesidentifiedbyLeslie.Readingliteraryfiction,hesays,makesusmorecurious.

[H]Moreover,inordertobecurious,‘"

youhavetobeawareofagapinyourknowledgeinthefirstplace.'

'

AlthoughLeslieperhapspaintsabitbroadlyincontendingthatmostofusareunawareofhowmuchwedon’tknow,he’ssurelyrighttopointoutthattheproblemisgrowing:

“Googlecangiveusthepowerfulillusionthatallquestionshavedefiniteanswers.”

[I]Indeed,Google,forwhichLeslieexpressesadmiration,isalsohisfrequentwhippingboy（替罪羊）•HequotesGoogleco-founderLarryPagetotheeffectthatthe“perfectsearchengine”will“understandexactlywhatImeanandgivemebackexactlywhatIwant.”Elsewhereinthebook,Lesliewrites:

“Googleaimstosaveyoufromthethirstofcuriosityaltogether.”

[J]Somewhatnostalgically（怀旧地），hequotesJohnMaynardKeynes'

sjustlyfamouswordsofpraisetothebookstore:

“Oneshouldenteritvaguely,almostinadream,andallowwhatistherefreelytoattractandinfluencetheeye.Towalktheroundsofthebookshops,dippinginascuriositydictates,shouldbeanafternoon’sentertainment.”Ifonly!

[K]Citingtheworkofpsychologistsandcognitive（认知的）scientists，Lesliecriticizesthereceivedwisdomthatacademicsuccessistheresultofacombinationofintellectualtalentandhardwork.Curiosity,heargues,isthethirdkeyfactor—andadifficultonetopreserve.Ifnotcultivated,itwillnotsurvive:

“Childhoodcuriosityisacollaborationbetweenchildandadult.Thesurestwaytokillitistoleaveitalone.”

[L]Schooleducation,hewarns,isoftenconductedinawaythatmakeschildrenincurious.Childrenofeducatedandupper-middle-classparentsturnouttobefarmorecurious,evenatearlyages,thanchildrenofworkingclassandlowerclassfamilies.Thatlackofcuriosityproducesarelativelackofknowledge,andthelackofknowledgeisdifficultifnotimpossibletocompensateforlateron.

[M]AlthoughLeslie’sbookisn'

taboutpolitics,hedoesn'

tentirelyshyawayfromtheproblem.Politicalleaders,likeleadersofotherorganizations,shouldbecurious.Theyshouldaskquestionsatcrucialmoments.Thereareseriousconsequences,hewarns,innotwantingtoknow.

[N]HepresentsasanexamplethefailureoftheGeorgeW.Bushadministrationtoprepareproperlyfortheafter-effectsoftheinvasionofIraq.AccordingtoLeslie,thosewhoridiculedformerDefenseSecretaryDonaldRumsfeldforhis2002remarkthatwehavetobewaryofthe“unknownunknowns”weremistaken.Rumsfeld’sidea,Lesliewrites,“wasn’tabsurd一itwassmart.”Headds,“Thetragedyisthathedidn’tfollowhisownadvice.”

[O]AllofwhichbringsusbacktoGoodellandtheChristiecaseandBenghazi.Eachcriticinthoseexamplesischarging,inadifferentway,thatsomeoneinauthorityisintentionallybeingincurious.Ileaveittothereader’spoliticalpreferencetodecidewhich,ifany,chargesshouldstick.Butlet’sbecarefulaboutdemandingcuriosityabouttheotherside’sweaknessesandremainingdeterminedlyincuriousaboutourown.Weshouldbedelightedtopursueknowledgeforitsownsake—evenwhenwhatwefindoutissomethingwedidn'

tparticularlywanttoknow.

36.Tobecurious,weneedtorealizefirstofallthattherearemanythingswedon’tknow.

37.AccordingtoLeslie,curiosityisessentialtoone’ssuccess.

38.Weshouldfeelhappywhenwepursueknowledgeforknowledge'

ssake.

39.Politicalleaders'

lackofcuriositywillresultinbadconsequences.

40.Thereareoftenaccusationsaboutpoliticians’andthemedia’slackofcuriositytofindoutthetruth.

41.Thelesscuriousachildis,thelessknowledgethechildmayturnouttohave.

42.Itiswidelyacceptedthatacademicaccomplishmentliesinbothintelligenceanddiligence.

43.Visitingabookshopascuriosityleadsuscanbeagoodwaytoentertainourselves.

44.BoththeriseoftheInternetandreducedappetiteforliteraryfictioncontributetopeople’sdecliningcuriosity.

45.Mankindwouldn'

tbesoinnovativewithoutcuriosity.

SectionC

PassageOne

Aginghappenstoallofus,andisgenerallythoughtofasanaturalpartoflife.Itwouldseemsillytocallsuchathinga“disease.”

Ontheotherhand,scientistsareincreasinglylearningthatagingandbiologicalagearetwodifferentthings,andthattheformerisakeyriskfactorforconditionssuchasheartdisease,cancerandmanymore.Inthatlight,agingitselfmightbeseenassomethingtreatable,thewayyouwouldtreathighbloodpressureoravitamindeficiency.

BiophysicistAlexZhavoronkovbelievesthatagingshouldbeconsideredadisease.Hesaidthatdescribingagingasadiseasecreatesincentivestodeveloptreatments.

“Ituntiesthehandsofthepharmaceutical（制药的）industrysothattheycanbegintreatingthediseaseandnotjustthesideeffects,”hesaid.

‘‘Rightnow,peoplethinkofagingasnaturalandsomethingyoucan’tcontrol:

’hesaid.“Inacademiccircles,peopletakeagingresearchasjustaninterestarea