新目标九年级上册unit3精讲Word下载.docx

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新目标九年级上册unit3精讲Word下载.docx

Theworkmustbedonerightnow.

③被动语态的用法

1.当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时,常用被动语态,这时往往不用by短语。

“Mr.White,thecupwasbrokenafterclass.”

2.突出或强调动作的承受者,如果需要说出动作的执行者,用by短语。

TheserecordsweremadebyJohnDenver.

ThecupwasbrokenbyPaul.

3.当汉语句子的主语既不是动作的执行者,也不是动作的承受者时,这时常用in+名词作状语,而代替by短语。

ThesecarsweremadeinChina.

(二)被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化

(1)一般现在时:

肯定句;

主语+am/is/are+done

否定句主语+am/is/are+not+done

一般疑问句Am/Is/Are+主语+done

Riceisgrowninthesouthofthecountry.

(2)一般过去时:

主语+was/were+done+。

否定句主语+was/were+not+done+。

一般疑问句;

was/were+主语+done。

(3)一般将来时:

肯定句主语+will+bedone

否定句主语+willnot(won’t)+bedone

一般疑问句will+主语+bedone

(4)一般过去将来时:

should/would+bedone

(5)现在进行时:

am/is/are+being+done

Theroomsarebeingpainted.

(6)过去进行时:

was/were+being+done

Treeswerebeingplantedherethistimelastyear.

(7)现在完成时:

have/has+been+done

Hisbookhasbeenbroughthere.

(三)含有情态动词的被动语态:

肯定句;

“主语+情态动词(can,may,must,should等)+be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。

否定句主语+情态动词+not+be+及物动词的过去分词

一般疑问句情态动词+主语+be+及物动词的过去分词

Theclassroommustbecleanedeveryday.教室应该每天被打扫。

Canthehomeworkbefinishedtoday?

作业今天能够完成吗?

Oldpeopleshouldbespokentopolitely.跟老人讲话应该有礼貌。

Thisbookmust’tbelenttoothers.这本书严谨借给其他人。

语态转换时所注意的问题注意:

1.在see,watch,hear,notice,listento,lookat,make,feel等动词后作宾语补足语的动词不定式都不带to,但改成被动语态后都带to。

如seesbdosth在被动语态中要变成sbbeseentodosth.某人被看到做了某事

Weoftenhearhimplaytheguitar.

→Heisoftenheardtoplaytheguitar.

Thebossmadetheworkersworkalday.

→Theworkersweremadetoworkalldaybytheboss.

2.含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时,可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语,另一个不动,一般变间接宾语为主语时比较多。

Myunclegavemeapresentonmybirthday.me(人)是间接宾语,apresent(物)是直接宾语,

Iwasgivenapresentonmybirthday.

如果把直接宾语(指物)改为主语,则在间接宾语(指人)前加适当的介词,如上句还可以说:

Apresentwasgiventomeyesterday.

注意:

1.一般在下列动词后,常在间接宾语前用介词to,如:

bring,give,offer,pass,pay,promise,sell,show,take,teach,tell等。

(1)Thebookwasshowedtotheclass.

(2)Mybikewaslenttoher.

2.一般在下列动词后,间接宾语前用介词for,如:

build,buy,cook,cut,choose,do,fetch,find,get,keep,make,order,paint,play,sing等。

(1)Anewskirtwasmadeforme.

(2)Themeatwascookedforus.

(3)Somecountrymusicwasplayedforus.

3.以who为主语开头的疑问句,变被动时,用bywhom放在句首:

Whowrotethestory?

误:

Whowasthestorywritten?

正:

Bywhomwasthestorywritten?

4.有些动词既是及物又是不及物,当它们和well,badly,easily等副词连用时,表示主语内在品质或性能,是不及物动词,用主动表示被动,这时不用被动语态,常见的有:

write,read,clean,sell,wash,cook等。

如:

(1)Theclothwasheseasily.这布很好洗。

(2)Thenewproductsellswell.这新产品很畅销。

对比:

Thebookssellwell.(主动句)

Thebooksweresoldout.(被动句)

Themeatdidn’tcookwell.(主动句)

Themeatwascookedforalongtime.(被动句)

5.下列情况主动句不能改为被动句:

第一,感官系动词一般用主动形式表示被动意义,如:

feel,look,seem,taste,sound,remain等。

(1)—Doyoulikethematerial?

(材料)—Yes,itfeelsverysoft.

Itisfeltverysoft.

(2)Thefoodtastesdelicious.

Thefoodistasteddelicious.

(3)Thepopmusicsoundsbeautiful.

Thepopmusicissoundedbeautiful.

Herhandwashadburned.

Thefirewasbrokeoutinthecapitalbuilding.

Thesunhadalreadybeenrisen.

()32Theapple___verysweet.

A.istastedB.taste-C.tastesD.aretasting

被动语态练习题()1Theapple___verysweet.

()2English____inCanada.

A.speaksB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isspoken

()3ThisEnglishsong___bythegirlsafterclass.

A.oftensingsB.oftensangC.isoftensangD.isoftensung

()4Thiskindofcar___inJapan.

A,makesB.madeC.ismakingD.ismade

()5Newcomputers___allovertheworld.

A.isusedB.areusingC.areusedD.haveused

()6Ourroommust___clean.

A.keepB.bekeptC.tobekeptD.tokeep

()7-I'

dliketobuythatcoat.-I'

msorry.___.

A.itsoldB.it'

ssellingC.It'

sbeensoldD.ithadbeensold

()8.Anewhouse___atthecorneroftheroad.

A.isbuildingB.isbeingbuiltC.beenbuiltD.bebuilding

()9.Thekey___onthetablewhenIleave.

A.wasleftB.willbeleftC.isleftD.hasbeenleft

()10.Doctors___ineverypartoftheworld.

A.needB.areneedingC.areneededD.willneed

()11Japanese___ineverycountry.

A.isnotspokenB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isnotspeaking

()14Thesportsmeet___behelduntilnextweek.

A.didn'

tB.won'

tC.isn'

tD.doesn'

t

()15.Why___totalkaboutityesterday?

tameetingholdB.wasn'

tameetingheldC.wasn'

theldameetingD.ameetingwasn'

theld

()16Whowasthebook___?

A.writeB.wroteC.writtenD.writtenby

()17Theflowers___often.

A.mustbewaterB.mustbewateredC.mustwateredD.mustwater

()18Thebooksmay___fortwoweeks.

A.bekeptB.beborrowedC.keepD.borrow

()19Theplay___atthetheatrenextSunday.

A.isgoingtobeshownB.willshownC.willshowD.isshown

()20Tea___inthesouthofChina.

A.growsB.isgrownC.weregrownD.willgrow

()21Thebridges___twoyearsago.

A.isbuiltB.builtC.werebuiltD.wasbuilt

()22Oldpeoplemustbelookedafterwelland___politely.

A.speaktoB.spokenC.speakD.spokento

()23Oldpeoplemust___.

A.lookafterwellB.belookedwellafterC.lookedwellafterD.belookedafterwell

()24Newly-bornbabies___inhospital.

A.aretakengoodcareB.aretakengoodcareofC.takegoodcareofD.takegoodcare

A.calledB.wasaskedC.toldD.wassaid

()25Thecoat___hersister.

A.madetoB.weremadeforC.wasmadeforD.wasmadeto

()26___fiveminutestodecidewhetherIshouldgoornot.

A.gaveB.wasgivingC.hadgivenD.wasgiven

27.()1Theteachermadehim___hishomework.

A.todoB.doC.didD.done

()281Greatchanges___inthepasttenyearsinChina.

A.tookplaceB.havetakenplaceC.weretakingplaceD.hadtakenplace

()29.Greatchanges___inourcountryduringthepast20years.

A.havehappenedB.happenedC.havebeenhappenedD.werehappened

()30Thestorybooks___bythewriterinthe1960s

A.arewrittenB.werewrittenC.arewritingD.werewriting

SECTIONA

1.

(1)shouldbeallowedtodo应该被允许做某事

Studentsshouldbeallowedtodohomeworkwiththeirclassmates

学生们应该允许和同学一起做作业。

.

Teenagersshouldn’tbeallowedtodrive.

青少年不允许驾车.

Wearenotallowedtogointotheshoolunlessweareinshooluniform.

我们不被允许进入学校,除非我们穿着校服。

2)allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事(主动语态)如:

MotherallowsmetowatchTVeverynight.妈妈允许我每晚看电视。

(3)beallowedtodosth.被允许做某事(被动语态)如:

Lilyisallowedtogototheparty.莉莉被允许参加聚会

(4)allowdoingsth.允许做某事。

1.Doyouoftenallow______until11:

00pm?

AtostayupBstayupCstayingupDandstayup

2.Doyouthinkweshouldbeallowed______ourowndecisions?

AtomakeBmakingCmakeDtomaking

3.It_____todriveafterdrinkingwine.

AisallowedBisnotallowedCismadeDiswelcomed

(5)含有情态动词的被动语态:

(1)肯定句;

(2)否定句主语+情态动词+not+be+及物动词的过去分词

(3)一般疑问句情态动词+主语+be+及物动词的过去分词

2.Sixteen-year-oldsshouldbeallowedtogettheirearspierced.16岁的青少年应该被允许穿耳洞。

piercev.刺穿;

.

(1)getone’searspierced穿耳洞getmyhaircut理发

让/使(别人)做某事 getsth.done(过去分词)

           havesth.done(过去分词)

如:

Iget/havemyhouserebuilt.=Iget/havemyhouserebuilt.我让人重修了我的房子。

Whendidyouget/haveyourhaircut?

你什么时候理发的?

(2).getsbtodosth叫某人做谋事

(3).get+adj.变得…gettiredgetnoisy

(4).get+名词得到…getlotsofwritingpractice

3.Hegothisdriver’slicense.他刚拿到驾照。

license.执照;

许可证getone’sdriver’slicense得到驾照

(1)Hejustgothisdriver’slicense

(2)MayIseeyourlicense?

4.Theyaren’tseriousenough.

enough足够 

 形容词+enough如:

beautifulenough 足够漂亮

enough+名词 如:

enoughfood足够食物

enoughto 足够…去做… 

IhaveenoughmoneytogotoBeijing.我有足够的钱去北京。

Sheisoldenoughtogotoschool.她够大去读书了。

5.Heshouldstopwearingthatsillyearring.他应该停止戴那种愚蠢的耳环。

.

(1)stopdoingsth.停止做某事 Pleasestopspeaking.请停止说话。

stoptodosth.停止下来去做其他事 Pleasestoptospeak.请停下来去说话。

2)silly—foolish—stupidadj愚蠢的asillyboy

______sillytheboyis!

_____asillyboy!

(6)----Wehavealotofrulesatmyhouse.

----Sodowe.在我们家我有很多的规矩。

我们家也是。

(1)Sodowe为倒装句,其结构是So+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语,在时态上应和上一句保持一致。

应翻译为“我们也是这样”,用英文解释是:

Wehavealotofrulesatmyhouse,too.

(1)由so+助动词(be/do/will/have)/情态动词+主语 意为:

…也是一样,要与前面的人称时态等保持一致。

  Sheisastudent.SoamI. 她是一个学生,我也是。

Shewenttoschooljustnow.SodidI.她刚才去学校了,我也是

Shehasfinishedthework.SohaveI.她已经完成了工作,我也完成了。

Shewillgotoschool.Sowillhe. 她将去学校,他也是。

Myvillagehaschangedalot.--Sohashis.

(2)否定句中;

Neither+助动词(be/do/will/have)/情态动词+主语9.Sodowe我们也是这样

(1)A:

IlikeEnglishverymuch.B:

SodoesTom.=TomlikesEnglish,too.

(2)A:

Myfathercanflyakite.B:

SocanI.=Icanflyakite,too.

1.Ifhegoestotheparty,______AsoshewillBsowillsheCsodoessheDsoshedoes

2.IhaveneverbeentoAmerica._____mysister.

ANeitherhasBNeitherdoesCHasneitherDNeitherwas

3.----Davidhasmadegreatprogressrecently.

----______and______.

Aso

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