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（idm习语）in`vain（a）withnoresult;
uselessly无结果地;
徒然:
tryinvaintosleep怎麽也睡不着.（b）fruitlessoruseless无效果的;
无用的:
Allourworkwasinvain.我们的工作全都白干了.takesb'
snameinvain=>
name1.
5.
6.ignite
/ɪgˈnaɪt;
ɪɡˋnaɪt/v[I,Tn]（causesthto）catchfire（使某物）燃烧,着火;
点火;
点燃:
*Hestruckamatchandignitedthefuse.他划了根火柴,点着了导火索.
7.kindle,fire,ignite,light
这些动词均含“点燃、着火”之意。
kindle指艰难或缓慢地把可燃料点燃，可用于比喻。
fire普通用词，指将某物点燃使其燃烧起来，火势可大可小。
ignite多用于科技文体，指使某物受热直到燃烧或发光，也可指用火花使易燃物迅速燃烧起来。
light普通用词，指点燃易燃物，使其能发光，满足各种需要。
8.kindle
/ˈkɪndl;
ˋkɪndl/v
[I,Tn]（causesthto）catchfire（使某物）燃烧,着火:
Thiswoodistoowettokindle.这木头潮得点不着.*Thesparkskindledthedrygrass.有些火星把乾草给引着了.
（fig比喻）（a）[Tn]arouseorstimulate（feelings,etc）激起（感情等）:
kindlehopes,interest,anger激起希望﹑兴趣﹑怒火.（b）[I,Ipr]~（withsth）becomebright;
shineorglow发亮;
放光;
明亮起来:
Hereyeskindledwithexcitement.她兴奋得双目炯炯发光.
>
kindling/ˈkɪndlɪŋ;
ˋkɪndlɪŋ/n[U]smalldrypiecesofwood,etcforlightingfires引火物（小块的乾柴等）.
9.casual
adj.随便的；
非正式的；
临时的；
偶然的
n.便装；
临时工人；
待命士兵
10.
11.genuine
/ˈdʒenjuɪn;
ˋdʒɛnjʊɪn/adj
real;
trulywhatitissaidtobe;
notfakeorartificial真的;
名副其实的;
非伪造的;
非人工的:
agenuineRubens,ieapaintingdefinitelybyRubenshimself,notbyanimitator鲁宾斯的亲笔画*agenuinepearl一颗天然珍珠.
（fig比喻）sincere;
honest真诚的;
诚实的:
SheseemsgenuinebutcanItrusther?
她似乎很诚实,但我可以信赖她吗?
>
genuinelyadv:
genuinelysorry真抱歉.genuinenessn[U].
12.dedication
/ˏdedɪˈkeɪʃn;
ˏdɛdəˋkeʃən/n~（tosth）1[U]devotiontoacauseoranaim对某事业或目的的忠诚;
奉献:
Iadmirethepriest'
sdedication.我钦佩这位牧师的奉献精神.
（a）[U]actionofdedicatingabook,pieceofmusic,etctosb题献词.（b）[C]wordsusedindoingthis献词.
[U]dedicating（ofachurch,etc）（教堂的）献堂礼;
启用典礼.
13.capsule
/ˈkæ
psjuːl;
USˈkæ
psl;
ˋkæ
psl/n
seed-caseofaplantthatopenswhentheseedsareripe蒴;
荚.
smallsolublecasecontainingadoseofmedicineandswallowedwithit（装一剂药物的）胶囊.
detachablecompartmentformenorinstrumentsinaspacecraft航天舱;
太空舱.
14.mixedblessing
好坏掺半之事
15.cosmic
/ˈkɔzmɪk;
ˋkɑzmɪk/adj[usuattrib通常作定语]ofthewholeuniverseorcosmos宇宙的:
Physicsisgovernedbycosmiclaws.物理学受宇宙法则的制约.*（fig比喻）adisasterofcosmicproportions,ieverygreat天大的灾难.
#,cosmic`dustfineparticlesofmatterthatgatherintocloudsinouterspace宇宙尘.
cosmic`raysradiationthatreachestheearthfromouterspace宇宙射线.
16.presumptuous
/prɪˈzʌmptʃuəs;
prɪˋzʌmptʃʊəs/adj（a）（ofapersonorhisbehaviour）tooboldorself-confident（指人或其行为）胆大妄为的,放肆的,冒失的,专横的:
Woulditbepresumptuousofmetoaskyoutocontribute?
可否冒昧请求你出一份力?
（b）（ofaperson）actingwithoutthenecessaryauthority（指人）自行其是的,自作主张的:
Hewaspresumptuousinmakingtheannouncementbeforethedecisionhadbeenapproved.决议尚未通过他已径自宣布.>
presumptuouslyadv.
17.fatuous
/ˈfæ
tʃuəs;
ˋfæ
tʃʊəs/adjstupidandsilly;
foolish蠢的;
傻的;
笨的:
afatuousperson,smile,remark笨人﹑傻笑﹑蠢话.
18.Letusgetdowntofundamentals.让我们开始认真对待问题的根本。
19.suburbancreature
凡夫俗子
20.
21.inclination
/ˏɪŋklɪˈneɪʃn;
ˏɪnkləˋneʃən/n
[C,U]~（to/for/towardssth）;
~（todosth）feelingthatmakessbwanttobehaveinaparticularway;
disposition倾向;
意向;
意愿:
Ihavelittleinclinationtolistentoyouallevening.我可不愿意一晚上都听你说话.*Sheisnotfreetofollowherowninclinationinthematterofmarriage.她的婚姻不能自主.
[C]~tosth;
~tobe/dostheventthatregularlyhappens;
tendency经常发生的事;
趋向;
趋势:
Hehasaninclinationtostoutness/tobefat.他有发福[发胖]的趋势.*Thecarhasaninclinationtostalloncoldmornings.这辆汽车天冷时早晨常常熄火.
（a）[U]degreeofsloping;
slant倾斜度;
坡度;
倾斜.（b）[C]slopingsurface;
slope坡面;
斜面;
斜坡:
asmallinclinationjustbeyondthetrees就在树丛那边的一片小坡地.
[Cususing通常作单数]bendingorbowingmovement弯曲的动作;
弯腰:
aninclinationofhishead他点了点头.
22.hatred
/ˈheɪtrɪd;
ˋhetrɪd/n[U]~（for/ofsb/sth）verystrongdislike;
hate仇恨;
憎恨:
feelhatredfortheenemy对敌人怀着仇恨*Helookedatmewithhatred.他以憎恨的眼光望着我.*Shehasaprofoundhatredoffascism.她对法西斯主义怀有深仇大恨.
23.orgy
/ˈɔːdʒɪ;
ˋɔrdʒɪ/n
（oftenderog常作贬义）wildparty,usuwithalotofdrinkingand/orsexualactivity狂欢（通常伴有纵酒﹑淫乐的行为）:
adrunkenorgy纵酒狂欢.
~（ofsth）（infml口）greatindulgenceinoneormoreactivity放纵:
anorgyofkillinganddestruction大肆杀戮和破坏*anorgyofspendingbeforeChristmas圣诞节前的大笔花费.
24.utmost
/ˈʌtməust;
ˋʌtˏmost/（alsouttermost/ˈʌtəməust;
ˋʌtɚˏmost/）adj[attrib作定语]greatest;
furthest;
mostextreme最大的;
最远的;
极度的:
intheutmostdanger在极端的危险中*oftheutmostimportance极重要的*withtheutmostcare极其小心*pushedtotheutmostlimitsofendurance逼到忍无可忍的程度.
theutmost（alsotheuttermost）n[sing]
thegreatest,furthestormostextremedegreeorpoint,etcthatispossible最大限度;
极限:
enjoyoneselftotheutmost尽情享乐*Ourendurancewastestedtotheutmost.我们已忍无可忍了.
（idm习语）do/tryone'
s`utmost（todosth）doortryasmuchasonecan竭力;
竭尽所能:
Ididmyutmosttostopthem.我已竭尽全力制止他们.
25.patriotism
['
pa·
tri·
ot·
ism||'
peɪtrɪətɪzm/'
pæ
t-]
n.
爱国心,爱国精神
26.prestige
/preˈstiːʒ;
prɛsˋtiʒ/n[U]
respectbasedongoodreputation,pastachievements,etc威望;
威信:
lose/regainprestige失去[恢复]威望*Hesufferedalossofprestigewhenthescandalwaspublicized.这件丑事公开後他便威信扫地.
powertoimpressothers,espasaresultofwealth,distinction,glamour,etc影响力:
have,enjoy,earnprestigeinthecommunity在社会上很有影响*[attrib作定语]theprestigevalueofowningaRollsRoyce拥有劳斯?
莱斯汽车的威风.
prestigious/preˈstɪdʒəs;
prɛˋstɪdʒəs/adjhavingorbringingprestige有威望的;
有威信的;
有影响力的;
带来声望的:
oneoftheworld'
smostprestigiousorchestras世界上最负盛名的管弦乐队之一.
27.disgrace1
/dɪsˈgreɪs;
dɪsˋɡres/n
[U]stateinwhichothersthinkthatonehasbehavedbadlyandnolongerdeservesrespect出丑;
丢脸:
bringdisgraceononeself,one'
sfamily,etc给自己﹑家庭等丢脸*Thereisnodisgraceinbeingpoor.贫穷并不丢脸.
[sing]~（to
sb/sth）thingorpersonthatissobadthatonefeelsorshouldfeelashamed令人感到羞耻的事物或人;
耻辱:
Yourhomeworkisadisgrace:
rewriteit!
你做的功课真丢人,重做吧!
*Theseslumsareadisgracetothecity.这些贫民窟是这座城市的耻辱.
（idm习语）（be）indisgrace（withsb）（be）regardedwithdeepdisfavour很不讨人喜欢;
令人不喜爱:
He'
sindisgrace（withhisfather）becausehetoldalie.他撒了个谎,惹得父亲很不痛快.
disgraceful/-fl;
-fəl/adjcausingdisgrace;
verybad可耻的;
丢脸的;
极坏的:
disgracefulmanners,behaviour,etc丢人的举止﹑行为等*Thischeatingisdisgraceful.这样骗人,真不要脸.*Thebusislateagainit'
sabsolutelydisgraceful!
这趟公共汽车又来迟了,简直太不像话了!
disgracefully/-fəlɪ;
-fəlɪ/adv.
disgrace2
dɪsˋɡres/v[Tn]
bringdisgraceon（sb/sth）;
beadisgraceto给（某人[某事物]）丢脸;
给...带来耻辱:
Yourbehaviourdisgracesusall.你的行为使我们大家丢脸.*Hegotdrunkanddisgracedhimselfatthewedding.他在婚礼上喝多了,出了洋相.
cause（sb）toloseapositionofpower,honourorfavour使（某人）失去权位﹑荣誉或不受喜爱:
Afterthedefeattwogeneralswerepubliclydisgraced.那两位将军吃了败仗之後,在公众心目中威望扫地.
28.savage
/ˈsæ
vɪdʒ;
ˋsæ
vɪdʒ/adj
（a）wildandfierce野性的;
凶猛的:
asavagelion,wolf,etc猛狮﹑恶狼*asavageattackbyabigdog凶猛的大狗的攻击.（b）cruel,viciousorhostile残酷的;
恶毒的;
敌意的:
savagecriticism,remarks粗暴的批评﹑恶毒的言语*Thearticlewasasavageattackonherpastactions.那篇文章对她过去的行为进行了恶毒的攻击.*Hehasasavagetemper.他脾气暴躁.*Thesavagerulerorderedthattheprisonerbeexecuted.那残暴的统治者命令将囚犯处死.（c）extremelysevere极严重的:
savagecutsinourbudget对我们的预算做的大幅度削减.
（<
!
offensive讳,蔑）atanearlystageofcivilization;
primitive野蛮的;
未开化的:
savagetribes这帮野蛮人.
savagen（<
offensive讳,蔑）savage
（2）person野蛮人;
野人:
anislandinhabitedbysavages野蛮人居住的岛*（derogorjoc贬或谑）Thosechildrencanbereallittlesavages.那些孩子简直是小野人.
savagev[Tn]
1attack（sb）savagely;
maul残暴地攻击（某人）;
残害:
Shewasbadlysavagedbyamaddog.她让疯狗咬得伤势很重.
2（fig比喻）criticize（sb/sth）severely猛烈批评（某人[某事物]）:
anovelsavagedbythereviewers遭评论家猛烈抨击的小说.savagelyadv.
savagenessn[U]beingsavage野性;
残酷;
野蛮.
savagery/ˈsæ
vɪdʒrɪ;
vɪdʒrɪ/n[U]savagebehaviour野蛮或残酷的行为:
treatprisonerswithbrutalsavagery残酷野蛮地对待囚犯.
29.combative
[com·
ba·
tive||'
kɒmbətɪv]
好战的,斗志旺盛的,杀气腾腾的
30.instinct
/ˈɪnstɪŋkt;
ˋɪnstɪŋkt/n~（forsth/doingsth）;
~（todosth）[U,C]
naturalinborntendencytobehaveinacertainwaywithoutreasoningortraining本能:
Birdslearntoflybyinstinct.鸟会飞是出自本能.*Birdshavetheinstincttolearntofly.鸟有飞的本能.
naturalfeelingthatmakesonechoosetoactinaparticularway直觉:
WhenIsawtheflamesIactedoninstinctandthrewablanketoverthem.我看见火焰时便凭直觉把一张毯子扑在火焰上.*Myfirstinstinctwastorefuse,butlaterIreconsidered.最初我凭直觉加以拒绝,但後来又重新考虑了.*haveaninstinctforsurvival有求生的直觉*Trustyourinstinctsandmarryhim!
要相信你的直觉,就嫁给他吧!
*I'
mafraidIgavewaytomyworstinstinctsandhithim.真遗憾,我一时任性打了他.*Thesightofthehelplesslittleboyarousedhermaternalinstinct（s）.她看见那孤苦无助的小男孩激发了她的母性.*（ironic反语）haveaninstinctfordoingorsayingthewrongthing有做错事或说错话的本领*（fig比喻）I'
mafraidhelacksthekillerinstinct,ieabilitytoberuthless.我看他不够心狠手辣.
instinctive/ɪnˈstɪŋktɪv;
ɪnˋstɪŋktɪv/adjbasedoninstinct;
notcomingfromtrainingorbasedonreasoning凭本能的;
天生的;
直觉的:
aninstinctivefearoffire天生怕火*
升级会员 