句子成分简单句并列句和复合句文档格式.docx
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Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.Hehascaughtabadcold.
（四）表语：
表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词〔如be,become,get,look,grow,turn,seem等〕之后。
表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。
画出以下句子的表语：
OurteacherofEnglishisanAmerican.
Isityours?
Theweatherhasturnedcold.
Thespeechisexciting.
Threetimessevenistwentyone?
HisjobistoteachEnglish.
Hishobbyisplayingfootball.
Themachinemustbeoutoforder.
Timeisup.Theclassisover.
Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.
（五）宾语：
宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。
画出以下句子的宾语：
Theywenttoseeanexhibition〔展览〕yesterday.
Howmanydictionariesdoyouhave?
Ihavefive.
Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeirhouseworkyesterday.
Hepretendednottoseeme.
Ienjoylisteningtopopularmusic.
Ithink〔that〕heisfitforhisoffice.
宾语种类：
〔1〕双宾语〔间接宾语+直接宾语〕，例如：
Lendmeyourdictionary,please.〔2〕复合宾语〔宾语+宾补〕，例如：
Theyelectedhimtheirmonitor.
〔六〕宾语补足语：
英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补语，才能使句子的意义完整。
带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：
某些及物动词〔如make等+宾语+宾补〕。
宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。
例如：
HisfathernamedhimDongdong.〔〕
Theypaintedtheirboatwhite.〔〕
Letthefreshairin.〔副词〕
Youmustn’tforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.〔〕
Wesawherenteringtheroom.〔现在分词〕
Wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.〔〕
Wewillsoonmakeourcitywhatyourcityisnow.〔〕
（七）定语：
修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。
定语可由以下等成分表示：
画出以下句子中的定语，并判断什么作定语：
Guilinisabeautifulcity.〔〕
Chinaisadevelopingcountry;
Americaisadevelopedcountry.〔〕
Therearethirtywomenteachersisourschool.〔〕
HisrapidprogressinEnglishmadeussurprised.〔〕
Ourmonitorisalwaysthefirsttoentertheclassroom.〔〕
Theteachingplanfornexttermhasbeenworkedout.〔〕
HeisreadinganarticleabouthowtolearnEnglish.〔〕
（八）状语：
修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语。
可由以下形式表示：
画出以下句子中的状语：
Lighttravelsmostquickly.
Hehaslivedinthecityfortenyears.
Heisproudbecausehehaspassedthenationalcollegeentranceexamination.
Heisintheroommakingamodelplane.
Onceyoubegin,youmustcontinue.
判断以下划线局部属于什么成分做状语：
Howaboutmeetingagainatsix?
〔〕
Lastnightshedidn’tgotothedancepartybecauseoftherain.〔〕
Ishallgothereifitdoesn’train.〔〕
MrSmithlivesonthethirdfloor.〔〕
Sheputtheeggsintothebasketwithgreatcare.〔〕
Shecameinwithadictionaryinherhand.〔〕
Inordertocatchupwiththeothers,Imustworkharder.〔〕
Hewassotiredthathefellasleepimmediately.〔〕
Sheworksveryhardthoughsheisold.〔〕
Iamtallerthanheis.〔〕
练习一
一、指出以下句子划线局部是什么句子成分：
1.Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.
2.Hehandedmethenewspaper.
3.Ishallansweryourquestionafterclass.
4.WhatabeautifulChinesepainting!
5.Theywenthuntingtogetherearlyinthemorning.
6.Hisjobistotrainswimmers.
7.HetookmanyphotosofthepalacesinBeijing.
8.ThereisgoingtobeanAmericanfilmtonight.
9.HeistoleaveforShanghaitomorrow.
10.Hiswishistobecomeascientist.
11.Hemanagedtofinishtheworkintime.
12.Tomcametoaskmeforadvice.
13.HefounditimportanttomasterEnglish.
14.Doyouhaveanythingelsetosay?
15.Wouldyoupleasetellmeyouraddress?
16.Hesatthere,readinganewspaper.
17.Henoticedamanentertheroom.
18.Theapplestastedsweet.
二、用符号划出以下短文各句中的主语〔＝〕、谓语/系动词〔—〕、宾语/表语〔～〕：
Ihopeyouareverywell.I'
mfine,buttired.RightnowitisthesummervacationandI'
mhelpingmyDadonthefarm.Augustisthehottestmonthhere.Itisthetimeofyearforthericeharvest,soeverydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.Sometimeswegoonworkingafterdarkbythelightsofourtractors.WegrowriceinthesouthoftheStates,butinthenorthwhereitiscoldertheygrowwheat.Wehavealotofmachinesonthefarm.Althoughthefarmislarge,myDadhasonlytwomenworkingforhim.Butheemploysmoremenfortheharvest.Mybrothertakescareofthevegetablegarden.Itdoesn'
toftenraininthesummerhere.A
saresult,wehavetowaterthevegetablegarden.Everyeveningwepumpwaterfromawell.Itthenrunsalongchannelstodifferentpartsofthegarden.
三、用符号划出以下短文各句中的定语〔〕、状语[]、补语<
>
：
MostSaturdayeveningsthereisaparty,evenatharvesttime.Thesepartiesoftenmakeusveryhappy.Wecookmeatonanopenfireoutside.It'
sgreat!
Americanseatalotofmeat—toomuchinmyopinion.Someofmyfriendsdrinkbeer.Idon'
t,becauseIhavetodrivehomeaftertheparty.InyourletteryouaskedaboutthetimeindifferentareasoftheStates.TherearefivedifferenttimeareasintheStates.InmystatewearefourteenhoursbehindBeijingtime.HowmanydifferenttimeareasdoyouhaveinChina?
Well,Imuststopandgetsomesleep.Pleasegivemybestregardstoyourparents.
比一比，看一看，判断以下三个句子哪个是简单句，哪个是并列句，哪个是复合句，为什么？
1.Beijing,thecapitalofthePeople'
sRepublicofChina,thenation'
spolitical,economic,cultural,educationalandinternationaltradeandcommunicationcenter,islocatedinnorthernChina,closetotheportcityofTianjin,myhometownandoneofmybest-likedplacesofall.（43words）
2.Iloveherandshelovesmetoo.（8words）
3.（Twinkle,twinkle,littlestar）HowIwonderwhatyouare.（6words）
4.Ifyouareanadjective,
Iamanadverb.
Youmodifyothers;
Imodifyyou.
按句子的构造可分三种：
1〕简单句：
只有一个主谓构造：
一个主语〔或并列主语〕和一个谓语〔或并列谓语〕。
e.g.1.HeoftenreadsEnglishinthemorning.
2.TomandMikeareAmericanboys.
3.Shelikesdrawingandoftendrawspictures.
4.Jackandhisfather,mother,andsomefriendsboughtsomeapples,bananas,orangesanda
fewbottlesofpurewateryesterdaymorninginthesupermarketnearhishouseafterclass.
2）并列句：
简单句+并列连词〔and,but,or,so,while等〕+简单句或直接用分号〔；
〕把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。
e.g.1.Youhelphimandhehelpsyou.
2.Workhard,andyouwillsucceed.
3.Workhard,oryouwillfail.
4.Thefutureisbright;
theroadistortuous.
5.I’mnotfeelingverywell,andIhaveahead.
6.Sheenjoysshopping,butIenjoywatchingTV.
wants
to
be
a
writer,
while
I
want
teacher.
8.Mr.
Li
went
his
hometown,
so
Mr.
Wang
was
taking
class.
读下面一段台词，判断它们是否是并列句，如果是用[]标出并列连词。
〔ReadForFun〕
A
Peoplelaugh;
peoplecry.
Somegiveup;
sometry.
Somesay“Hi〞andsomesay“Bye〞.
OthersmayforgetyoubutneverI.
B
Loveisgiving;
loveisblessing.
Loveiscaring;
loveissharing.
Loveseeksthebestforothers,
andtreatseveryoneasbrothers.
Jack:
IloveyouandIwanttostaywithyouforever.
Rose:
Ialsoloveyou,butIhavetotellmyparentsthetruth.
Yes,youhadbettertellthem,ortheywillbeangry.
Iwant,whileIwillhurtthem.
Jack:
But...Eitheryouwillhurtthem,oryouwillhurtme.
（silence...）.
小试牛刀：
并列连词填空
1.Autumniscoming____theleavesareturningyellow.
2.Theweatherbecomescold,____wehavetowearmuchwarmer.
3.Wemustwearmuchwarmer,____youwillcatchacold.
4.Hurry
up,
_____
you’ll
late
for
class.
5.
Practice
more,
____
able
speak
English
better.
6.He
didn’t
come
school
yesterday,
he
ill
7.
He
is
in
sixties,
has
made
up
mind
learn
second
foreign
language.
8.
It
very
cold
yesterday_____
we
stayed
at
home.
3〕复合句：
含有一个或一个以上从句的句子。
复合句包含：
名词性从句〔主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句〕、定语从句和状语从句等。
定语从句：
1.复习：
什么是定语？
定语是用来修饰______或者_____的词，通常是_______,一般放在________词的________。
扩句练习:
EnShangisagirl.
漂亮的女孩儿。
真地是一个漂亮又善良的女孩儿。
3.恩尚真地是一个漂亮又善良的有着大眼睛的女孩儿。
4.温柔优雅的恩尚真地是一个非常漂亮又善良的有着大眼睛和乌黑长发的女孩儿。
什么是定语从句？
定语从句是用来修饰______或者_____的词，它是一个完整的_______,一般放在________词的________，相当于一个______。
________词叫做_______。
引导定语从句的词叫________。
1.Idon’tlikelazypeople.
Idon’tlikepeople（who/arelazy）.
（先行词）（关系词）
关系词在定语从句中做_______
2.Thisisthewarm-heartedgirl.
Thisisthegirlthatiswarm-hearted.
关系词在定语从句中做_______
3.Hefellinlovewithanelegantlady.
Hefellinlovewithalady____/____iselegant.
4.Itisaheavyrain.
Therainthatisheavy.
*特别注意！
！
定从的世界里没有what和how！
注意：
近年的中考题目中只涉及who,which,that这三个关系代词的用法。
作主语
作宾语
作定语
指人
who/that
who/whom/that
whose
指物
which/that
Example:
1.Ilikegroupsthat/whichwearreallycoolclothes.
2.Ilikethedressthat/whichyouboughtformeyesterday.
3.Shelikessingersthat/whosingthewordsclearly.
4.Thegirlthat/whoIjusttalkedwithismysister.
试试看:
用关系代词who,which或that填空
1.Shedoesn’tlikesongs___________aretoolong.
2.Ilikemusicians_____________writetheirownlylics.
3.Ican’tstandmusic___________Ican’thearclearly
4.Heisaboy______________comestoschoolearliest.
考点1由who引导的定语从句及用法who在从句中做主语（口语中也可做宾语），修饰表示______的先行词。
Thisistheman______helpedme.
Theboy_______/______wesawyesterdayisJohn’sbrother.
考点2由which引导的定语从句及用法which在从句中做____，也可做______，或介词的_____，修饰表示______的先行词。
Thisisthebook_____/______youwant.
Thebuilding______/______standsneartheriverisourschool.
Theroomin_______thereisamachineisaworkshop.（介词后面的which不能省略）
Thehouse______/______weliveinisnotlarge.
Thisisthewatch______/______hewaslookingfor.
考点3
升级会员 