常用人体形态学汉英词汇表汇编Word格式文档下载.docx
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脐umbilicus
*盆部pelvis
四肢limbs,extremities
*上肢upperlimb
*肩shoulder
腋axilla
*臂arm
*肘elbow
*前臂forearm
*手hand
腕wrist
掌palm
*鱼际thenar
*小鱼际hypothenar
*手指finger
*拇指thumb
示指indexfinger
*下肢lowerlimb
*髋hip
*股(又称大腿)thigh
*膝knee
*小腿leg
*踝ankle,malleolus
*足foot
跗tarsus
跖sole
*趾toe
运动系统locomotorsystem
(一)骨及骨连结boneandjoint
*骨学osteology
**骨骼skeleton
**骨bone
中轴骨axialskeleton
附肢骨appendicularskeleton
*长骨longbone
*短骨shortbone
*扁骨flatbone
*不规则骨irregularbone
**骨密质compactbonysubstance
**骨松质spongybonysubstance
**骨膜periosteum
骨内膜endosteum
*黄骨髓yellowbonymarrow
**红骨髓redbonymarrow
骺epiphysis
骨干diaphysis
干骺端metaphysis
*骺软骨epiphysialcartilage
*骺线epiphysialline
滋养孔nutrientforamen
髓腔medullarycavity
突process
棘spine
隆起eminence
粗隆tuberosity
结节tuber,tubercle
嵴cres
线line
窝concavity,fossa
凹fovea
小凹foveola
压迹impression
腔cavity
窦autrum,sinus
管canal,duct
孔foramen,opening
口mouth,apertura,aditus,ostium
裂孔hiatus
髁condyle
上髁epicondyle
缘margin
切迹notch,incisura
纤维连结fibrousjoint
韧带连结syndesmosis
缝suture
软骨连结cartilaginousjoint
**关节articulation,joint
**关节面articularsurface
关节软骨articularcartilage
**关节囊articularcapsul
*纤维层fibrouslayer
*滑膜synovialmembrane
**关节腔articularcavity
**韧带ligament
**关节盘articulardisk
**关节半月板articularmeniscus
*关节唇articularlabrum
滑膜关节synovialjoint
平面关节planejoint
球窝关节ballandsocketjoint
椭圆关节ellipsoidjoint
车轴关节pivotjoint
鞍状关节saddlejoint
*屈flexion
*伸extension
*收adduction
*展abduction
*旋转rotation
*环转circumduction
*旋前pronation
*旋后supination
*外翻eversion
*内翻inversion
*背屈dorsiflexion
*跖屈plantarflexion
**椎骨vertebrae
**脊柱vertebralcolumn
*椎管vertebralcanal
*椎体vertedralbody
*椎弓vertebralarch
**椎间孔intervertebralforamen
*椎孔vertebralforamen
*棘突spinousprocess
**横突transverseprocess
上关节突superiorarticularprocess
**颈椎cervicalvertebrae
*横突孔transverseforamen
*寰椎atlas
侧块lateralmass
*枢椎axis
齿突dens
**胸椎thoracicvertebral
上肋凹superiorcostalfovea
**腰椎lumbarvertebrae
**骶骨sacrum,sacralbone
骶骨岬sacralpromontory
*骶管裂孔sacralhiatus
骶角sacralhorn
**尾骨coccyx
**椎间盘intervertebraldisc
*纤维环anulusfibrosus
*髓核pulpiformnucleus
*黄韧带ligamentsflava
寰枕关节atlanto-occipitaljoint
**肋ribs,costae
*肋软骨costalcartilage
*肋沟costalgroove
**肋弓costalarch
**胸骨sternum
胸骨柄sternalmanubrium
胸骨体sternalbody
**剑突xiphoidprocess
**胸骨角sternalangle
**胸廓thoraciccage
肋椎关节costovertebraljoints
胸肋关节sternocostaljoints
**枕骨occipitalbone
枕骨髁occipitalcondyle
*舌下神经管hypoglossalcanal
*枕骨大孔foramenmagnum
枕外隆凸externaloccipitalprotuberance
*蝶骨sphenoidbone
*蝶鞍sellaturcica
**垂体窝hypophysialfossa
*视神经管opticcanal
鞍背dorsumsellae
破裂孔foramenlacerum
*圆孔foramenrotundum
*卵圆孔foramenovale
*棘孔foramenspinosum
*眶上裂superiororbitalfissure
大翼greaterwings
翼突pterygoidprocess
**颞骨temporalbone
岩部petrousportion
*乳突mastoidprocess
*面神经管facialcanal
肌咽鼓管musculo-tubalcanal
*内耳门internalacousticport
*茎突styloidprocess
*茎乳孔stylomastoidforamen
*外耳道externalacousticmeatus
*下颌窝mandibularfossa
**顶骨parietalbone
**额骨frontalbone
**筛骨ethmoidbone
下鼻甲inferiornasalconcha
泪骨lacrimalbone
鼻骨nasalbone
犁骨vomer
**上颌骨maxilla
眶下孔infraorbitalforamen
牙槽突alveolarprocess
切牙管incisivecanal
*腭骨palatinebone
*颧骨zygomaticbone
**下颌骨mandible
颏孔mentalforamen
冠突coronoidprocess
下颌切迹mandibularincisure
**舌骨hyoidbone
颅盖clavaria
外板outerplate
内板innerplate
*板障diploe
**颅前窝anteriorcranialfossa
**颅中窝middlecranialfossa
**颅后窝posteriorcranialfossa
颞窝temporalfossa
*颧弓zygomaticarch
*颞下窝infratemporalfossa
*翼腭窝pterygopalatinefossa
**翼点pterion
*颈动脉管carotidcanal
*颈静脉孔jugularforamen
腭大孔greaterpalatineforamen
**眶orbit
眶上孔supraorbitalforamen
**骨性鼻腔bonynasalcavity
**鼻腔nasalcavity
**鼻旁窦paranasalsinus
**上颌窦maxillarysinus
*蝶窦sphenoidalsinus
*额窦frontalsinus
*筛窦ethmoidalsinus
鼻中隔nasalseptum
上(中,下)鼻道superior(middle,inferior)nasalmeatus
颅囟cranialfontanelle
前囟anteriorfontanelle
冠状缝coronarysuture
矢状缝sagitalsuture
人字缝lamdoidsuture
**颞下颌关节temporomandibularjoint
**肩胛骨scapula
*肩峰acromion
*关节盂glenoidcavity
*喙突coracoidprocess
**锁骨clavicle
**肱骨humerus
大结节greatertubercle
小结节lessertubercle
*解剖颈anatomicalneck
*外科颈surgicalneck
鹰嘴窝olecranonfossa
*内上髁medialepicondyle
**桡骨radius
环状关节面articularcircumference
**尺骨ulna
鹰嘴olecranon
滑车切迹trochlearnotch
**腕骨carpalbones,carpus
舟骨scaphoidbone
三角骨triquetralbone
豌豆骨pisiformbone
大多角骨trapeziumbone
小多角骨trapezoidbone
头状骨capitatebone
钩骨hamatebone
**掌骨metacarpalbones
**指骨phalangesoffingers
*胸锁关节sternoclavicularjoint
**肩关节shoulderjoint
盂唇glenoidlabrum
**肘关节elbowjoint
*桡骨环状韧带annularligamentofradius
*桡尺近侧关节proximalradioulnarjoint
桡尺远侧关节distalradioulnarjoint
**腕关节wristjoint
腕掌关节carpometacarpaljoint
掌指关节metacarpophalangealjoint
指骨间关节interphalangealjoint
**髋骨hipbone
*髋臼acetabulum
*闭孔obturaterforamen
**髂骨ilium
髂嵴iliaccrest
**坐骨ischium
**耻骨pubis
**骨盆pelvis
**股骨femur
大转子greatertrochanter
髁间窝intercondylarfossa
**髌骨patella
**胫骨tibia
髁间隆起intercondylareminence
**腓骨fibula
**跗骨tarsalbone,tarsus
距骨talus
**跟骨calcaneus
足舟骨navicularbone
内侧楔骨medialcuneiformbone
骰骨cuboidbone
**跖骨metatarsalbones
**趾骨phalangesoftoes
*耻骨联合pubicsymphysis
*骶髂关节sacroiliacjoint
*骶结节韧带sacrotuberousligament
*骶棘韧带sacrospinousligament
**髋关节hipjoint
**膝关节kneejoint
*半月板meniscus
*交叉韧带cruciateligaments**踝关节anklejoint
跗骨间关节intertarsaljoint
距下关节(距跟关节)subtalarjoint
跗横关节transversetarsaljoint
跗跖关节tarsometatarsaljoints
跖趾关节metatarsophalangealjoints
(二)肌肉muscles
肌学myology
**肌muscle
**骨骼肌skeletalmuscle
**肌腹musclebelly
**肌头headofmuscle
腱膜aponeurosis
起点origin
止点insertion
**筋膜fascia
*浅筋膜superficialfascia
*深筋膜deepfascia
滑膜囊synovialbursa
*腱鞘tendinoussheath
**斜方肌trapezius
**背阔肌latissimusdorsi
**竖脊肌erectorspinae
胸腰筋膜thoracolumbarfascia
颈阔肌platysma
**胸锁乳突肌sternocleidomastoid
**斜角肌scalenus
**胸大肌pectoralismajor
*胸小肌pectoralisminor
*前锯肌serratusanterior
**膈diaphragm
**中心腱centraltendon
**腹直肌rectusabdominis
**腹直肌鞘sheathofrectusabdominis
白线lineaalba
**腹外斜肌obliquusexternusabdominis
**腹内斜肌obliquusinternusabdominis
**腹横肌transversusabdominis
**腰大肌psoasmajor
**髂腰肌iliopsoas
**腹股沟韧带inguinalligament
*腹股沟管inguinalcanal
腹股沟管线环superficialinguinalring
*面肌facialmuscles
枕额肌occipitofrontalmuscle
帽状腱膜geleaaponeurotica
**咀嚼肌masticatorymuscles
咬肌masseter
颞肌temporalis
**三角肌deltoid
大圆肌teresmajor
**肱二头肌bicepsbrachii
**肱三头肌tricepsbrachii
*肱桡肌brachioradialis
*旋前圆肌pronatorteres
*桡侧腕屈肌flexorcarpiradialis
*掌长肌palmarislongus
*尺侧腕屈肌flexorcarpiulnaris
*指浅屈肌flexordigitorumsuperficialis
指深屈肌flexordigitorumprofundus
拇长屈肌flexorpollicislongus
旋前方肌pronatorquadratus
桡侧腕长伸肌extensorcarpiradialislongus
桡侧腕短伸肌extensorcarpiradialisbrevis
指伸肌extensordigitorum
*旋后肌supinator
*蚓状肌lumbricales
*骨间肌interossei
**臀大肌gluteusmaximus
**梨状肌piriformis
**股四头肌quadricepsfemoris
**髌韧带patellarligament
缝匠肌sartorius
*股二头肌bicepsfemoris
*半腱肌semitendinosus
*半膜肌semimembranosus
*腓骨长肌peroneuslongus
*腓骨短肌peroneusbrevis
*胫骨前肌tibialisanterior
**小腿三头肌tricepssurae
*腓肠肌gastrocnemius
*比目鱼肌soleus
*跟腱tendocalcaneus
内脏学splanchnology
(一)消化系统digestivesystem
**内脏学splanchology
**内脏viscera
**消化系统digestivesystem
**口腔mouthcavity
**唇lip
颊cheek
腭palatine
*牙tooth,teeth
牙髓dentalpulp
切牙incisorteeth
尖牙canineteeth
前磨牙premolarteeth
磨牙molarteeth
恒牙permanentteeth
乳牙deciduousteeth
**唾液腺salivarygland
舌下腺sublingualgland
下颌下腺submandibulargland
腮腺parotidgland
*舌tongue
味蕾tastebud,gustatorybud
舌乳头papillaeoftongue
**咽pharynx
*咽峡isthmusoffauces
咽腔cavityofpharynx
*扁桃体tonsil
**食管esophagus
**胃stomach
胃大弯greatercurvatureofstomach
胃小弯lessercurvatureofstomach
角切迹angularincisure
贲门部cardi