河北省石家庄二中学年高一月考英语试题 Word版含答案Word文件下载.docx
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阅读下列四篇短文,从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
Whilesmartphonesstandaccusedofavarietyofcrimes,thesepocketcomputerscancertainlybeaforceforgood.Yourphoneisalwayswithyou,makingittheperfectdevicetopushyouintoamorebeneficialwayofliving.Herearesomeofthebestappsthatcanhelp.
Habitica
Habiticaturnsthegoalofforminggoodhabitsintoagame,withitsowncharactersandscoring.It’salotoffun,andtheappalsoletsyoubuildhabitswithfriendsandfamily.Inadditiontoregularrepeatinghabits,youcanaddamoregeneraltodolist,andtherewardsyougetcanbecustomizedtoo—youcouldtreatyourselftoamealoutoranextrahourofgames.
SmokeFree
Ifyou’vegotaspecifichabitinmindyou’llusuallyfindspecificappstohelp,likeSmokeFree.Ifyou’redeterminedtogiveupsmoking,thisisoneofthemostcomprehensiveappsforgivingyouthatextrapushyouneedtomakeapermanentchange.Theappoffersahostofusefulfeaturestopeoplewantingtogosmokefree:
theabilitytoseeyourprogressovertime,chartsshowinghowyourhealthisimproving,daybydayencouragement,andsomeadviceontechniquesforgivingupsmoking.
MyFitnessPal
Youcanfindtonsofhealthandfitnessappsforyourphone,butMyFitnessPalstandsoutnotjustbecauseitiseasytouse,butbecauseitmakespracticalsuggestionsforyou.Itcantakeinahostofdata,fromthecalories(卡路里)you’retakingintothenumberofswimsyou’redoingperweek,andofferreportsoncalorieconsumptionandmacronutrient(大量营养素)breakdown.
1.WhatcanHabiticahelpyoutodo?
A.Winatoughgame. B.Startalastingfriendship.
C.Findafancyrestaurant.D.Developapleasanthabit.
2.WhichofthefollowingcanSmokeFreeprovide?
A.Thefreedomtosmoke.B.Theabilitytomakeprogress.
C.Adviceonhowtoquitsmoking.D.Chartsaboutyourexcellenthealth.
3.Whatcanwelearnaboutthethreeappsmentionedinthetext?
A.They’recheap.B.They’repractical.C.They’refree.D.They’reinteresting.
B
IttookmultipleweddingsforChristineLawtorealizewhatsheneededtodo.Inthesummerof2014,herschedulewaspackedwithfriends’marriagecelebrations—flowerfilledoccasionsthatgotherthinking,“Wheredoalltheflowersgoaftertheparty?
”Moreoftenthannot,theywerethrownaway.Lawwasconfidentshecouldfindabetteruseforthem.
ByAugust,shehadaplan:
convincecouplesandcompanieshostingeventstodonatetheirflowers,whichshewouldpickupanddeliverwithin48hourstoseniorsacrossthecity.Shewantedtobringbeautyintothelivesoftheelderly.Shedrewonherexperiencethroughbeingavolunteerinnonprofitinstitutionsinordertosetupherownorganization,whichshecalledFloranthropie.Nothavingenoughbouquets(花束)forall150peopleofahealthcenter,Lawaskedthestafftoprovidealistofpatientswhoneededcheeringupmost.“ThefirstwomanIapproachedthoughtitwasamistake,andthattheflowerscouldn’tpossiblybeforher,”saysLaw.“Isaidtheywereagift,andwetalkedforahalfhour.”
Inadditiontohealthcenters,Floranthropiefocusesoncommunitygroupsdevotedtotheelderly.Laë
titiaThé
lè
meisavolunteerforLesPetitsFiè
res,anorganizationthataimstohelptheelderlywhodon’thaveasupportsystem.ThegroupreceivesadozenorsobouquetsfromFloranthropiemonthly,andthenredistributesthem.“Ourmottois‘flowersbeforebread’,”saysThé
me.“Wedon’tfocusonprimarycare,butratheronnourishing(滋养)thespirit.Floranthropiehelpsusdothat.It’samazingwhatabigdifferenceasmallbouquetcanmake.”
Inthebeginning,mostofFloranthropie’sdonationscamethroughwordofmouth.Thesedays,Lawreceivesmessagesfromstrangersviaherorganization’sFacebookpageandhasconnectedwithcorporationsandflowerwholesalers.LawhopestoexpandFloranthropienationally,butatthispointishappytobeabletooverseeeachdeliverypersonally.
4.WhatmadeChristineLawsetupFloranthropie
A.Thewasteofflowers.B.Thelonelinessofseniors.
C.Thepersuasionofotherfriends.D.Thewarmatmosphereofweddings.
5.Whatwasthewoman’sreactiontoChristineLaw’sflowers?
A.Shewasmoved.B.Shewasexcited.C.Shewasworried.D.Shewassurprised.
6.WhatcanweinferaboutFloranthropiefromLaë
me’swords?
A.Itshouldfocusonprimarycare.B.Itisbenefitingmorethantheelderly.
C.Itisdoingsomethingofgreatimportance.D.Itshouldcooperatewithmorenonprofitinstitutions.
7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?
A.VolunteerYourTimeB.Don’tThrowFlowersAway
C.SpecialDeliveryMakesYourDayD.BrightenSeniors’LiveswithFlowers
C
Youtrytokeepyoureyeswideopenwhilewatchingabasketballmatchorawonderfulfireworkshowincaseyoumightmisssomethingexcitinginjusttheblinkofaneye.Butinfact,humansblinkabout15timesperminuteonaverage.Haveyouevermissedanythingbecauseyoublinked?
Probablynot.Whyisthat?
AccordingtoanewstudypublishedinthejournalCurrentBiologyinSeptember,ourbrainhastheabilitytoskipthetemporarydarknesswhenweblink.Itcankeepvisualinformationforashortperiodoftimeandthenputittogethertoformanimagewithoutinterruption.
Inordertounderstandhowthisworks,agroupofscientistsattheGermanPrimateCenterandtheUniversityMedicalCenterGottingeninGermanyconductedanexperiment.Inthestudy,theparticipantswereaskedtolookatpatternsonascreenwhosedirectioncouldbeinterpretedindifferentways,suchashorizontally(水平地)orvertically(垂直地).Whenonepatternwasabouttodisappearandthenextonewasabouttocome,theparticipantshadtoindicatethedirectionthatthenextpatternwouldappear.
Theresearchersfoundthatwhenthedirectionsoftwopatternsdidn’tmatch,theareainourbrainwhichisresponsibleforvisualmemorywasactivated.Thissameareashowedlessactivitywhentwopatternswereinthesamedirection.
“Themedialprefrontalcortex(前额叶皮层)adjustscurrentvisualinformationwithpreviouslyobtainedinformation,andthusenablesustoperceivetheworldwithmorestability,evenwhenwebrieflycloseoureyestoblink,”CasparSchwiedrzikexplainedinScienceDaily.HeisthefirstauthorofthestudyandalsoascientistattheGermanPrimateCenter.
8.Wedon’tmissanythingwhenblinkingbecauseourbraincan________.
A.dealwiththemissingimageB.rememberallthatwesee
C.imaginewhatoureyesmissD.putourpiecesofmemorytogether
9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2referto?
A.Ourbrain.B.Visualinformation.C.CurrentBiology.D.Thetemporarydarkness.
10.Whatdoweknowabouttheexperiment?
A.Thetwopatternsappearatthesametime.B.Visualmemorycanbemoreactivatedbysimilarity.
C.Participantscaninterpretpatternsdifferently.D.Thedifferentdirectionsactivatedvisualmemory.
11.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?
A.TheBrain’sStructureB.TheBrain’sActivatedPatterns
C.TheBrain’sSpecialSkillD.TheBrain’sReaction
D
InthestoryoftheCrowandthePitcherfromAesop’sFables,athirstycrowdropsstonesintoanarrowjartoraisethelowlevelofwaterinsidesohecantakeadrink.
Nowscientistshaveevidencetobackupthatstory.Crowsactuallydounderstandhowtomakewaterdisplacement(排水量)worktotheiradvantage,experimentsshow.Theresultssuggestthatthebirdsare,atleastinsomeaspects,assmartasfirstgraders.
Researchers,ledbySarahJelbertattheUniversityofCambridge,presentedsixcrowswithtubescontainingwater.Insidethetubes,awormorapieceofmeatonapieceofwoodwasfloating,justoutofreachofthecrow.Infrontofthetubes,theresearchersarrangedseveralrubbererasersthatwouldsink,andsomeplasticobjectsthatwouldfloat.Thecrowsfoundoutthattheycoulddroptheerasersintothetubesinordertoraisethewaterlevelandgettheirsnack.
However,thebirdshandledawkwardlyinexperimentsinwhichtheycouldchoosetodropobjectsineitherawidetubeoranarrowonetogetasnack,theresearcherssaid.Droppingobjectsintoanarrowtubewouldliftthewaterlevelbyagreateramountandputthetreatwithinreachafterjusttwodrops;
whileittookaroundsevendropstoraisethesnacktothesamelevelinthewidetube.Thecrowsobviouslydidn’trealizethis,andmostofthemwentforthewidetubefirst.
Previousstudiesshowedthatchimpsandhumanchildrencansolvesimilartasks.Ina2011study,chimpsandkidsfoundoutthattheycouldputwaterintoatubetoreachapeanutthatwasfloatinginasmallamountofwateratthebottom.
12.HowdidthecrowsgetthesnackinSarah’sexperiment?
A.Bybreakingthetube.B.Bydroppinginerasers.
C.Bystandingonthewood.D.Byremovingthewood.
13.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“thebirdshandledawkwardly”meaninParagraph4?
A.Theywereunabletotelldifferentshapes.B.Theydroppedobjectsonlyintonarrowtubes.
C.Theywerenotawareofthesnackatfirstsight.D.Theymostlyavoidedtheeasierwaytogetthesnack.
14.Whatdoesthetextmainlyfocuson?
A.StoriesofAesop’sFables.B.Thedevelopmentofcrows.
C.Crows’intelligence.D.Humananimalcommunication.
15.Whatdoweknowaboutcrowsinthepassage?
A.Crowsarealmostascleverasfirstgradersinsomeaspects.
B.Crowsunderstandwaterdisplacementcompletely.
C.Chimpsandchildrenaremuchsmarterthancrows.
D.ThestoryoftheCrowandthePitcherlacksevidence.
第二节七选五(共5小题;
每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
Wa