Notes石油英语Word格式.docx

Notes石油英语Word格式.docx

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sthejob,generally,ofthepetroleumgeologist.Hecanusetheresultsofaerialandseismicsurveystogetinformationaboutrockfeaturesbeneaththesurface.Rocksatthesurfacealsosupplyinformation,andfossilscanhelphimtocalculatetheageoftherocks.

Section2WordsandExpression

1.SeeporShow油气苗或油气显示

2.Surface地表

3.Fault断层

4.Non-porous＆impermeablecaprock无孔隙不渗透盖岩

5.Anticlinaltrap背斜圈闭

6.Reservoir油藏

7.Synclinaltrap向斜圈闭

8.Caprock盖岩

9.SeismicSurvey地震测量

10.AerialSurvey航空测量

Section3Notes

1.在此意为“有点儿”。

又如:

Itwasrathercoldyesterday.（昨天有点冷。

）

2.actas=serveas,意为"

充当"

充任"

其后除跟表示物的命词以外,还可跟表示人的名词.而且所接名词前往往省去冠词,如:

Heactsasdirectoroftheworkshop.（他担任车间主任.）

3.不定式前有时加上连接代词或连接副词.这些连接代词和连接副词有where,when,how,which,what,whom等,常用在tell,show,discuss,decide,teach,learn,forget等动词后作宾语,如:

Hewilltellyouwhichbustotake.（他会告诉你坐那路公共汽车.）DoyouknowhowtoexpresstheideainEnglish?

（你知不知道这意思英文怎么表达?

Section4.1Dialogue1

TOM:

Hereweare,Michael.Uphere.MayIhelpyou?

MICHAEL:

No.Nothankyou,Tom,I'

mquiteallright.

TOM:

Good.

Well,isthistheoutcropyouweretellingmeabout?

*Thisisit（注1）.I'

llchipapieceoffforyou.

（Tomchipsoffapieceofrock）

*Thereyouare（注2）.

Sothisissedimentaryrock.

sright.We'

restandingonasandstoneoutcrop.It'

sjustthesortofsedimentaryrockwe'

relookingfor.

Mostsandstonesareporous,aren'

tthey?

Yes,theyare,buttheydon'

tallcontainoil.Thisoutcrop,forinstance,doesn'

t.*Still（注3）,theremaybeoilinitatdepth.Nothere,butsomemilesaway,wherethisrockgoesunderground.

Whenyoufindanoutcroplikethis,doyouimmediatelyknowwheretodrill?

*Farfromit（注4）,MICHAEL.*We'

vegottoknowagreatdealmore（注5）.Weneed*muchmoreinformation（注6）.Wecanseewhattherockislikehere,whereithascometothesurface.Butwe'

vegottogetsomeideaaboutwhatit'

slikeatdepth,wheretheremaybeatrap.

Howdoyoudothat,Tom?

Howdogetinformationaboutwhat'

sundertheground?

Innumberofways.Byaerialsurvey,forexample,andbyseismicsurvey,too.Thenofcoursethere'

s……

Excuseme,Tom.Aerialsurvey?

Seismicsurvey?

MayIaskyoutotellmealittleaboutthemfirst?

注释：

1.it在这里指上文中的outcrop.it常指心目中或上下文中的人或事物,如:

A:

Who'

sit?

B:

It'

sme.（甲:

谁啊?

乙:

是我.）That'

sit.（"

就是那么回事"

.或"

就要这个"

"

就是这样"

2.意为"

就在这儿."

拿去吧."

类似的用法还有Thereitis.（就在那里.）,Hereyouare.（你要的东西在这儿.）,Hereitis.（在这里或这是给你的.）等.

3.在这里意为"

（虽然...）还是"

"

还是要"

在上下文起意义转折的作用,如:

Thisbookisnotperfect;

still,itisverygood.（这本书虽然不是十全十美,但还是本好书.）

4.it指上文的"

在何处钻井"

farfromit!

意为"

远离:

远远不"

如:

A:

You'

vedoneverywell.B:

Farfromit!

（甲:

你们干得很出色.乙:

差得远呢!

5.We'

vegottoknow...=Wehavetoknow....词组havegotto指有需要或必要去做某事,如:

Hehurtbadly.We'

vehavetogetadoctor.（他伤得很重.我们得找一个医生来.）

6.在比较级或最高级前加上much起加强作用,意为"

...得多"

更..."

如:

Ifeelmuchbetternow.（我现在感到好多了.）Thisismuchthebest.（这是最最好的.）

Section4.2Dialogue2

Thanks,Tom,that'

smuchclearernow.IthinkI'

vegotagoodideaaboutaerialandseismicsurveys.Nowwhataresomeoftheotherwaysofgettinginformationaboutrocksthatmaycontainoil?

Well,it'

sveryimportanttocheckthedrillcuttingsandcoresfromotherwellsinthearea.

Drillcuttings,yes.Buthowdoesanoilgeologistgetthecuttings?

Oneofthefloormenbringsthem.Hegetsthemattheshaleshaker.

Isee.Andwhatdoyoudowiththem?

Iwashthecuttings.Idrythem,andthenIexaminethemunderamicroscope.

Amicroscope?

Whydoyouhavetouseamicroscope?

BecausesomeofthethingsI'

mlookingforareverysmall.Tinyfossils,forexample,andverysmallpiecesofrockfromformationsatdepth.

Whatkindofinformationdoyouget?

Ifindoutwhattypeofrockisinthecutting.Ifitcanbeareservoirrock,Ilooktoseeifit'

sporous.Ilookforsignsofoil.Andiftherearefossilsinthecutting,theyhelpmefindouttheageoftherock.

Whenyousaidthatyouhadtocheckthedrillcuttings,youalsosaidthatyouhadtochecksomethingelse,too.

sright.Cores.Ihavetocheckthecores.Fromacore,ageologistcanlearnalotmoreabouttherock.Butcoringisexpensive.Itcostsalotofmoneyandittakesalotoftime.Mostofaholeisdrilledandnotcored.Ageologistgetshisinformationfromthecuttings.

And,aswe'

vealreadylearned,*fromaerialandseismicsurveys（注1）.

Right.Andfromfieldsurveys,too.Wecanlearnagreatdealbycomingouttobeplacedlikethis.Bylooking,byexaminingrocksatoutcrop.

MICHEAL:

AndI'

msuretherearemanyotherwaysofgettinginformationaboutrocksatthesurfaceandrocksatdepth.

Therecertainlyare,Michael.Lotsofotherways.

1.全句为:

hegetshisinformationfromaerialandseismicsurveys.

SupplementaryReadingMaterial

（FromPetroleumEngineeringEnglish,JihongZhangetc.）

2.3TheOriginsofOilandGas.

Manytheorieshavebeenadvancedastotheoriginofpetroleumandnaturalgas.Yetishasnotbeenpossibletodeterminetheexactplaceormaterialsfromwhichanyparticularreservoiroriginated.Thetwomostprevalenttheoriestodayaretheorganic,orbionic,andtheinorganicorabionic.Itisimportantthatbothofthesebementionedandbrieflydescribedbeforeweproceedfurtherwithourdiscussionabouttheoriginsofpetroleum.

2.3.1TheOrganicTheoryoftheOriginofOilandGas

Theorganictheoryoftheoriginofpetroleumbegantocometotheforefrontaroundtheturnofthecenturyastheoilandgasindustrygrewinsizeandeconomicimportance,andasgeologistswerecalledupontoaccuratelylocatenewandlargerdeposits.Itbecamethemostwidelyheldtheory,andisstillsotoday,althoughrecentlyithasbeenfacingrenewedchallengesasnewtoolsandtechniquesforthestudyoftheEarth’shistoryaredeveloped.

Simplystated,theorganictheoryisthatthecarbonandhydrogennecessaryfortheformationofgasandoilcamefromtheearlyformsoflifeonEarth,orinshort,frombiologicalorigins.TheremainsoftheseplantsandanimalswerecaughtupintheprocessoferosionandsedimentationandcarrieddowntheriverstotheseaswhichthencoveredlargeportionsoftheEarth’ssurface.Theyandtheiraccompanyingmudandsiltwerespreadalongtheshorelinewheretheywerecoveredandcompressedbytheweightofmanymoresucceedinglayersbuildingupontopofthem.Intime,theselayersbecamesedimentaryrock.Today,thesesedimentaryrocks,sandstone,shale,anddolomiteareoftenwheredepositsofpetroleumarefound.（Figures2-4through3-8）

2.3.2TheInorganicTheory

TheinorganictheorythathydrocarbonscomefromdeepintheEarth,frommaterialsthatwereincorporatedastheEarthwasformedwasdevisedearlyinthe1900s,whenscientistscametobelievethatpetroleumwasaresidueleftfromtheformationoftheSolarSystemor,asaresultofchemicalactionsdeepwithintheEarth.DimitriMendeleev,thedistinguishedRussianchemistwhodiscoveredtheperiodicnatureoftheelements,believedthatpetroleumemanatedfromdeepwithintheEarth,frominorganicoriginsratherthanfromorganicsediments.Hisviewwasthatoccurrencesofpetroleumseemedtobecontrolledmorebythelargescalefeaturesofthecrust,likethemountainrangesandthegreatvalleys,thanbythedetailsofsedimentarydepositslaiddownovertheyears.Sincethen,otherscientistshaveadoptedthesameview.Today,theseproponentsoftheinorganictheoryclaimthatdataacquiredbymoderntechnologyhasstrengthenedtheirclaimswhileatthesametimeweakeningthecaseforapurelybiologicaloriginofhydrocarbons.

Indefenseoftheirviews,thosewhoargueinfavorofanabionicorigin,observethat:

（1）Petroleumandmethane（naturalgas）arefrequentlyfoundingeographicpatternsoflonglinesorarcswhicharerelatedmoretodeep-seated,large-scalestructuralfeaturesofthecrust,ratherthantosmaller-scalesedimentarydeposits.

（2）Hydrocarbon-richareasrendtoberichatmanylevelsandextenddowntothecrystallinebasementthatunderliesthese