Unit1Friendship必修一知识点精编Word下载.docx

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Unit1Friendship必修一知识点精编Word下载.docx

ignore装作不知道,故意不理睬;

beignorant不知道,没意识到

Heignoresthedoctor’sadviceandgoesonsmoking.

Iwasignorant(ofthefact)thatthebossshouldbesostrict.

havegotto=haveto

1.havegotto的否定为haven’tgoto,haveto的否定为don’thaveto

2.表一次性动作,两种可互换;

表习惯性动作,尤其句中有always,often,sometimes等频率副词时,则应运用haveto,而不运用havegotto,

3.Iusuallyhavetogetupat6:

00am.

4.haveto可用于过去时和完成时结构中,且前面可加情态动词或助动词,havegotto则不可。

Theydidn’thavetoworryaboutmoney.

习题:

1.That’sverykindofyou.Iwish__giveyousomuchtrouble.

A.haven’ttoB.don’thavegottoC.mustn’tD.didn’thaveto

2.Iusually__getupbefore5:

00am,topreparebreakfastformyfamily.

A.needB.havetoC.havegottoD.haven’tto

3.Ifyoucan’tfinishtheworkbeforeFriday,youmay___workontheweekend.

A.mustB.havetoC.havegottoD.haven’tto

calmadj.平静的,沉着的

近义词:

stillquiet(quite)silent(adj.)-silence(n.)calm…down使平静下来

concernvt.担忧,涉及n.担心,关注,关系

Asfarasbeconcerned就…而言

AsfarasIamconcerned,thewateristoocold.

beconcernedwith与…有关

Hewasveryconcernedwithher.Wearenotconcernedwiththatmatter

beconcernedfor/about/over关心Sheisconcernedaboutyoursafety.

asconcerns=concerning关于

concernoneselfwith/in从事,参与

concernoneselfabout/for因为…担忧(关心)某人

练习:

1.Asweallknow,parentsareconcerned____theirchildren'

sstudy,becauseitisconcerned____theirfuture.

A.for;

aboutB.about;

forC.about;

withD.with;

about

2.__Englishisconcerned,heisfirstinourclass.

A.AsB.AssoonasC.AsfarasD.Nowthat

3.Themeetingwasconcerned___reformsandeveryonepresentwasconcerned__theirowninterests.

A.with;

forB.with;

withC.for;

aboutD.about;

with

loose松的

反义词:

tight紧的;

firm坚定的,稳固的;

stable稳定的;

steady平稳的

形近词辨析:

lose遗失,沉溺于,使迷路

belostin埋头于,迷失在…之中loseone’sway迷路

gothrough经历,检查,通过近义词:

experience经历,体验;

扩展:

livethrough度过,经受过liveon…,以…为生;

livewith忍受,与…同居

getthrough通过,到达,接通电话lookthrough浏览,温习,从…中显露

关于go的短语:

goover温习,复习;

gointo走进…;

gooff爆炸;

goout出去,熄灭;

goahead继续向前走;

goagainst违背;

goaway走开;

goback回去,回顾;

goby时间流逝,从旁经过;

godown下降,下沉;

gofor为…而去;

goin进入;

goon(时间)过去,继续,持续,发生;

goround绕路;

gotogether一起去;

goup上升,攀登;

gowithout没有

1.Thepolice__thebuildinghopingtocatchthethief.

A.lookedforB.searchedforC.foundoutD.wentthrough

2.Aterriblenoise__thehouseandthenwefeltitshaking.

A.wentthroughB.wentintoC.lookedintoD.heldinto

German注意复数为Germans

setdown记下,放下(putdown),登记,解释认为,下车(getoff)

setout动身出发,着手做setoff动身出发,引爆

setup创办、树立、搭起;

(found,build,construct,establish)

setanexampletosb=(setsbanexample)为某人树立了……榜样;

setforward提出,拨快(钟表)

setsbfree释放,放走;

setsail扬帆起航;

setaboutdoing着手,开始(做)

1.She__theVCDplayeronthetableandwentout.

A.setoutB.setupC.setdownD.seton

2.Studentsshouldformthehabitof__everythingimportantinclass.Whichofthefollowingcan’tbeputintheblank?

A.puttingdownB.takingdownC.settingdownD.tearingdown

3.Ihave__everythingthathappened,asIrememberit.

A.setdownB.setupC.setoutD.setoff

onpurpose故意

withthepurposeofdoingsth目的是…

forthepurposeof与withthepurposeof辨析

forthepurposeof目的能否实现不知道;

withthepurposeof暗示目的能实现

近义词辨析:

aim:

从本义“靶子”引申而来,侧重比较具体而明确的目标,但常指短期目标。

goal:

指经过考虑和选择,需经坚持不懈的努力奋斗才能达到的最终目标。

purpose:

普通用词,既指以坚决、审慎的行动去达到的目的,又指心中渴望要实际的目标。

end:

指心目中怀着的某种目的,强调结果而非过程。

较正式用词。

target:

指射击的靶,军事攻击目标。

引申指被攻击、批评或潮笑的目标。

object:

强调个人或需求而决定的目标、目的。

objective与object基本同义,但语义更广泛,指具体或很快能达到的目的,也可指军事目标。

书面用词。

近义短语:

bydesign故意地

反义短语:

bychance,byaccident,偶然地

inorderto与soasto的区别

1.都意为“为了”,inorderto一般用inorderthat加从句来替换,可放句首;

soasto一般用sothat加从句来替换,不可放在句首。

Hegotupearlierinordertogettoschoolontime.

Hegotupearlierinorderthathecouldgettoschoolontime.

Hegotupearliersoastogettoschoolontime.

Hegotupearliersothathecouldgettoschoolontime.

2.当这两个短语后的不定式动词的逻辑主语和句子的主语一致时,“inorderto,soasto+不定式”可以简化为“不定式to”

Inorderto/Togettoschoolontime,hegotupearlier.

3.inorderto作目的状语时,不定式的逻辑主语与句子的主语要一致。

1.Inordertomakeourcitygreen,______

A.itisnecessarytohaveplantedmoretrees

B.manytreesneedtoplant

C.ourcityneedmoretrees

D.wemustplantmoretrees

2.___lateinthemorning,Bobturnedoffthealarmclock.

A.SoastosleepB.SleepingC.TosleepD.Havingslept

thundern.雷;

vi.打雷相关天气词汇:

cloudy多云的,frost霜,hail冰雹,mist雾,fog浓雾,shower暴雨,

storm,tempest暴风雨,lightning闪电,hurricane飓风,typhoon台风,

breeze微风,dew露水,humidity潮湿,freeze冰冻

entireadj.整体的,entirelyadv.整体地

total,whole,all

power能力,能量

powerful,powerfully,powerless,powerlessly

havethepowertodosth./ofdoingsth.

energy(n.)能量—energetic(adj.)精力充沛的,积极的,

privilege特权,right权力

facetoface面对面地;

face-to-faceadj.

facial面部的;

racial种族的face(vt.)面对

hearttoheart坦诚地shouldertoshoulder肩并肩地

backtoback背对背地handinhand手拉手地

arminarm臂挽臂地sidebyside并肩地stepbystep逐步地

相关短语:

faceup面朝上facedown正面朝下

  facethetruth面对现实faceupto大胆面向facewith面对...

nolonger/not…anylonger不再nomore/not…anymore不再

nolonger/not...anylonger修饰表示状态的持续动词(如wait,live,work等)。

Don'

twaitanylonger

nomore/not...anymore通常修饰表示具体动作的瞬间动词(如go,stand,visit等)。

Wecouldn'

tstanditanymore.

1.—WillyougivethismessagetoMrWhite,please?

—Sorry,Ican'

t.He________.

A.doesn'

tanymoreworkhereB.doesn'

tanylongerworkhere

C.doesn'

tworkanymorehereD.doesn'

tworkhereanylonger

settle(vt.)安居,停留,(vt.)解决,安排

solve重在得到答案;

resolve重在解决问题;

workout

suffer遭受,忍受,经历suffering(n.)

suffer,sufferfrom/with遭受,患病

suffer指一般的损害、痛苦等等,但sufferfrom后接伤痛、疾病等引起的痛苦

suffertheresult/heavylosses/injury/pain/defeat

sufferfromheadache/illness/coldandhunger/abadstomach

1.__suchheavypollutionalready,itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver.

A.HavingsufferedB.SufferingC.TosufferD.Suffered

loneliness(n.)孤单,寂寞

alone,lonely辨析

1)alone可作副词或形容词;

而lonely只能作形容词,在句中充当定语或表语。

ShewatchesTVwhensheisalone.

ForyearsMarylivedaloneinNewYork.

Whenhiswifedied,hewasverylonely.

2)alone表示“(身体上的)独自,孤单”;

而lonely表示“(感情上的)孤单寂寞”,有时指“本人的意愿并非如此”,含有不愉快的意思。

IamalonebutIamnotlonely

recover(v.)恢复,重新获得recovery(n.)

getover/comeover相关短语:

recoverfrom

形近词:

discover发现,uncover发现,揭露;

cover覆盖,包含

get/betiredof对…厌烦

tired,woreout,exhausted词义辨析

tired可指因体力或脑力消耗太多而需要休息,还可指因长期做某事而失去兴趣

exhausted表达的疲惫程度最强,指因劳累过度而精疲力竭。

Theexhaustedengineerfellasleeponthebus.

woreout这个词不太正式,多用于口语。

getalong(on)with与…相处,进展

1.多用于进行时

2.其后可用well,badly,nicely等修饰语

Hegetsalong/onwellwithhisclassmates.

Howareyougettingonwithyourstudies?

disagree不同意disagreement(n.)agree同意agreement(n.)

agreewith同意,与……一致;

(气候,食物)适合.

agreeto赞成(提议、安排、计划等agreeon对……取得一致意见

reachanagreement达成一致

joinin参加,加入

join,joinin,takepartin,attend的辨析

join多指参加某组织,成为其中的一个成员,宾语通常为thearmy/party/team/club

IwillneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheParty.

takepartin指参加群众性活动、会议、劳动、游行等,往往指参加者持有积极的态度,起一份作用,in后要加宾语

Weshouldtakeanactivepartinschoolactivities.

joinin通常指参加某种活动,如竞赛,娱乐,游戏等,也可不加宾语

Wouldyoujoinmeinawalk?

attend多指参加会议,方式,婚礼,葬礼,典礼及上课,上学,听报告等。

attendone’slecture/wedding

1.We’regoingtoplaybasketball.Wouldyouliketo___?

A.joinB.joininC.attendD.takepartin

2.--Whydidn’tyou__myweddingyesterday?

--Iwasgoingto,butIhadanunexpectedguestattheverymoment.

A.joinB.joininC.takepartinD.attend

IIWarmingUp

1.not..until和untill

until一般不放在句首,后面跟时间词连,notuntil可放句首,但主句要用倒装.

Hecamebackuntilmidnight.

Notuntilmidnightdidhecamebackhome

2.getsthdone

getsbtodo使某人做某事,相当于have/makesb.dosth.

Youshouldgetyourfriendstohelpyou.

getsthdone使某事发生Shegothercoatwashed

getsb.doing使某人持续做某事Hegotthecarrunningallthetime.

3.borrow…from从…借进lend…to把…借出

4.whilewalkingthedog,youwerecarelessanditgotlooseandwashitbyacar.

whilewalkingthedog=whileyouwerewalkingthedog

while或when引导的时间状语从句,主从句前后主语一致时,从句主语和be动词可省

5.payfor,take,cost,take

spend的主语必须是人:

(1)spendtime/moneyonsth.在……上花费时间(金钱)。

Ispenttwohoursonthismathsproblem.

(2)spendtime/money(in)doingsth.花费时间(金钱)做某事。

Theyspenttwoyears(in)buildingthisbridge.

(3)spendmoneyforsth.花钱买……。

Hismoneywasspentforbooks.

cost的主语是物或某种活动,还可以表示“值”,

sth.costs(sb.)+money/time,某物/做某事花了某人多少钱/时间

Anewcomputercostsalotofmoney.

注意:

cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost,并且不能用于被动句。

take的用法:

Ittakessb.+时间+todosth.做某事花了某人多少时间。

Ittookthemthreeyearstobuildthisroad.

pay的基本用法是:

(1)payfor…为…付款

(2)pay(sb.)for为…付款给某人

Ihavetopaythem20poundsforthisro

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