英美诗歌解读Word下载.docx

英美诗歌解读Word下载.docx

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ThispoemisShakespeare’smostfrequentlyquotedsonnet.

Theme:

Thepoetsingspraiseofhisfriend,andthinksthathispoetrywillbringeternitytotheoneheloves.ThepoemfollowsthetraditionalthemeforpoetryintheElizabethanperiod,thatis,poetrycanbringeternitytotheonehelovesandeulogizes.Fromthepoemwecanseethatthepoethasconfidenceinhispoetryandhethinksthathispoemswillbeeverlastinginhumanworld.Healsoshowsloveforandcelebrationofhisfriend,theyoungman.

ItiswritteninShakespeareansonnetrhymingabab,cdcd,efef,gg

C.Questionsforstudyanddiscussion

Explainthefunctionofvariationinmetricalpatternofthispoem,suchasthetrochee“ShallI”orthespondee“Roughwind”forstress.

What’sthethemeofthepoem?

Canyounamesomepoemswiththesameidea?

Analyzethedevelopmentofthoughtinthissonnet.

PartThreeJohnMilton

JohnMilton（1608-1674）isagreatrevolutionarypoetofthe17thcentury.HeisalsoanoutstandingpoliticalpamphleteeroftheRevolutionperiod.Hededicatedhimselftotherevolutionarycause.HemadeastronginfluenceonthelaterEnglishpoetry.EveryprogressiveEnglishpoetsinceMiltonhasdrawninspirationfromhim.

Miltonisagreatstylist.Hispoetryhasagrandstyle.Thatisbecausehemadealife-longstudyofclassicalandBiblicalliterature.Hispoetryisnotedforsublimityofthoughtandmajestyofexpression.Miltonisalsodifficulttoread,becauseofhisinvolvedstylewithfrequentinversionsandverycomplicatedsentencestructure.Hissentencesareoftenlong.Yet,toexpresshissublimityofthought,hewroteinastylethatisunsurpassedinitssonority,eloquence,majestyandgrandeur―theMiltonicstyle.

Miltonisagreatmasterofblankverse.Heisthegloriouspioneertointroduceblankverseintonondramaticpoetry.Hehasuseditasthemaintoolinhismasterpiece“ParadiseLost”.Hisblankverseisrichineverypoeticqualityandnevermonotonous.

Blankverseistheversewritteninunrhymediambicpentameter.ItistheverseformusedinsomeofthegreatestEnglishpoetry,includingthatofWilliamShakespeareandJohnMilton.

PartTwoWilliamBlake

WilliamBlake（1757-1827）,“themostspiritualartist”,wasamajorprophetoftheRomanticMovementandoftherevoltagainstthemechanicaltyrannyofthecapitalistworld.HisachievementwasabreakthroughintotheRomanticMovement.

Blakereceivedlittleformaleducation,buthewaskeptwellsuppliedwithbooksandprintsofgreatpaintings.HisfavoritestudieswereShakespeare,MiltonandChatterton.SomeobjectorsofBlakecalledhimmadman.Maybethiseccentricityhelpedtoshapehimintoapoet.

Blakewasoneoftherevolutionarythinkersofthattime.HissupportoftheFrenchRevolution（1789）waslife-long.

BlakewascalledaforerunneroftheRomanticMovement.ThegreatnessofBlakeliesinhismastery,inartandverse,ofanextremeandmovingsimplicity.WilliamWordsworththuscommentedonBlake:

“ThereissomethinginthemadnessofthismanwhichinterestsmemorethanthesanityofLordByronorWalterScott.”Blake’slyricpoetrydisplaysthecharacteristicsoftheromanticspirit.What’smore,Blake’srevolutionarypassionwasverymuchsimilartothatofShelley,esp.inimageryandsymbolism.

Pre-romanticism:

ageneraltermappliedbymodernliteraryhistorianstoanumberofdevelopmentsinlate18thcenturyculturethatarethoughttohavepreparedthegroundofRomanticisminitsfullsense.Invariousways,thesearealldeparturesfromtheorderlyframeworkofneoclassicismanditsauthorizedgenres.

TheTyger

1.Identifytherhymeschemeofthispoem?

2.Whatdoesthetigerrepresentinthispoem?

ThisischosenfromSongsofExperience.

Thispoemiswrittenin6quatrainsinrhymingcouplets

Tyger:

tiger.HereitrepresentsthegreatpoweroftherevolutionarypeopleinEngland

burningbright:

指老虎的眼睛在黑暗中发出炽烈的光

thefearfulsymmetry:

可怕的匀称

deeps:

seas

he:

God,指造物者

aspire:

risehigh

seizethefire:

seizethefire（ofthineeyes）

shoulder:

指肩膀的力量

art:

skills

twistthesinewsofthyheart:

拧制你心脏的筋肉。

Sinews:

筋，腱

dread:

dreadful

thehammer,thechain,furnace,anvil:

articlesrelatedtoworkwithiron.Inthisstanza,theimageofblacksmithisusedtosymbolizethecreatoroftiger.

grasp:

arms

spears:

tears

theLamb:

JesustheChrist

1.What’sBlake’sattitudetowardreligioninthispoem?

2.What’sthemainideaofthepoem?

PartOneWilliamWordsworth

WilliamWordsworth（1770-1850）istherepresentativeofthePassiveRomanticpoets,whoexpressedthedeepestaspirationsofEnglishRomanticism.Hesawnatureandmanwithneweyes.Hiswholeworkisanattempttocommunicatethatnewvision.

Hispoetryisdistinguishedbythesimplicityandpurityofhislanguage.Itwashistheorythatthelanguagespokenbythepeasantswhenpurifiedfromitsdefectswasthebestofall.

ThepoeticidealsannouncedbyWordsworthandColeridgeprovidedamajorinspirationforthebrilliantyoungwriterwhomadeupthesecondgenerationofEnglishRomanticpoets.

Romanticism:

amovementthatflourishedinliterature,philosophy,musicandartinWesterncultureduringmostofthe19thcentury,beginningasarevoteagainstclassicism.TherehavebeenmanyvarietiesofRomanticisminmanydifferenttimesandplaces.

ManyoftheideasofEnglishRomanticismwerefirstexpressedbyWilliamWordsworthandSamuelTalorColeridge.ItprevailedinEnglandduringtheperiod1798-1832.Romanticistsexpressedtheideologyandsentimentofthoseclassesandsocialstratathatwerediscontentwithandopposedtothedevelopmentofcapitalism.Theysplitintotwogroupsbecauseofthedifferentattitudestowardthecapitalistsociety.

ThePassiveRomanticpoetsortheLakepoetsarerepresentedbyWordsworth,ColeridgeandSouthey.TheActiveorRevolutionaryRomanticpoetsarerepresentedbyByron,ShelleyandKeats.

II.Selectedpoem

TheSolitaryReaper

1.What’sthemainideaofthepoem?

2.Identifytherhymeschemeofthepoem?

ThispoemisoneoftherarepoemsnotbasedonWordsworth’sownexperience.WordsworthtellsthatitwassuggestedbyapassageinThomasWilkinson’sTourofScotland（1824）,whichhehadseeninMS:

“Passedbyafemalewhowasreapingalone,shesanginErse（theGaeliclanguageofScotland）asshebendedoverhersickle,thesweetesthumanvoiceIeverheard.Herstrainsweretenderlymelancholy,andfeltdeliciouslongaftertheywereheardnomore.”

Thepoetsingspraiseoftheordinarypeopleworkinginnature.

Therhymeschemeofthestanzasisababccdd

Yon:

yonder那边的，远处的

Highland:

苏格兰高地的

strain:

melody

chaunt:

chant/sing

welcomenotes:

pleasantmusicorsongs

wearybandsoftravelers:

tiredcompaniesoftravelingmerchants

Arabiansands:

Arabiandesert

ne’er:

never

Hebrides:

赫布里底群岛，在苏格兰西北方的大西洋中

Willnoonetellmewhatshesings:

thepoetcan’tunderstandhersong,sinceshesingsinErse（alanguageintheHighlands）

theplaintivenumbers:

sadsongs.Numbers:

songs.

lay:

littlelyricforsinging

whate’er:

whatever

o’erthesicklebending:

bendingoverthesickle

Whydoesthespeakersay“Willnoonetellmewhatshesings?

”

Whatwasthemostvividimpressionofthereaperthatthespeakercarriedawaywithhim?

IWanderedLonelyasaCloud

1.Doyoulikethispoem?

Why?