外文翻译基于单片机的智能电风扇控制系统.doc

外文翻译基于单片机的智能电风扇控制系统.doc

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大连交通大学2012届本科生毕业设计外文翻译

外文原文

Single-chipmicrocomputer

1.theintroductionofthesinglechipmicrocomputer

Thesinglechipisonekindofintegratedcircuitchip,whichusestheultralarge-scaletechnologyandhasthedata-handlingcapacity（forexamplearithmeticoperation,logicoperation,datatransfer,interruptprocessing）themicroprocessor（CPU）,randomaccessdata-carrierstorage（RAM）,read-onlyprogrammemory（ROM）,inputoutputcircuit（I/O）,possiblyalsoincludesfixedtimethecounter,serialpassesunguardedly（SCI）,demonstrationactuationelectriccircuit（LCDorLEDactuationelectriccircuit）,pulse-durationmodulationelectriccircuit（PWM）,simulationmultichannelswitchandA/ElectriccircuitandsoonDswitchintegratestotogetherthemonolithchipon,constitutestobesmallestthecomputersystemwhichhoweverconsummates.Theseelectriccircuitscanunderthesoftwarecontrolaccurate,berapid,highlyeffectivecompletetheproceduredesignerpresettheduty.Fromthislookedthat,singlechiphasthefunctionwhichthemicroprocessordoesnothave,itmayalonecompletetheintellectualizationcontrolfunctionwhichthemodernindustrycontrolrequests,thisissinglechipbiggestcharacteristic.Howeversinglechipalsoisdifferentwiththesingletrigger,thechipbeforethedevelopment,itonlyhasthefunctiongreatlystrengthenedultralargescaleintegratedcircuit,ifentrustswithitthespecificprocedure,itthenisyoungest,theintegritymicrocomputercontrolsystem,it（PCmachine）hastheessentialdifferencewiththesingletriggerorthepersonalcomputing,singlechipapplicationbelongstothechiplevelapplication,needstheusertounderstandsinglechipchipthestructureandthecommandsystemaswellasotherintegratedcircuitapplicationtechnologiesandthesystemdesignneedtheoryandtechnology,withsuchspecificchipdesignapplicationprocedure,thuscausesthischiptohavethespecificfunction.

Thedifferentsinglechiphasthedifferenthardwarecharacteristicandthesoftwarecharacteristic,namelytheirtechnicalcharacteristicisdifferent,thehardwarecharacteristicisdecidedbysinglechipchipinternalstructure,theusermustusesomekindofsinglechip,mustunderstandwhetherthisproductdoessatisfythecharacteristictargetwhichtheneedthefunctionandtheapplicationsystemrequests.Heretechnicalcharacteristicincludingfunctioncharacteristic,controlcharacteristicandelectricalspecificationandsoon,theseinformationneedstoobtainfromintheproductionmerchanttechnicalmanual.Thesoftwarecharacteristicisreferstothecommandsystemcharacteristicandthedevelopmentsupportenvironment,theinstructioncharacteristicissinglechipaddressingwaywhichweisfamiliarwith,thedataprocessingandthelogicalprocessingway,input-outputcharacteristicandtopowersourcerequestandsoon.Thedevelopmentsupportenvironmentiscompatibleandtheprobabilityincludingtheinstruction,supportsthesoftware（tocontainmaysupportdevelopmentapplicationproceduresoftwareresources）andthehardwareresources.Mustusesomemodelsinglechiptodevelopownapplicationsystem,masteritsstructurecharacteristicandthetechnicalcharacteristicisthatweneed..Singlechipcontrolsystemcouldsubstituteforbeforeusescontrolsystemwhichthecomplexelectroniccircuitorthedigitalcircuitconstituted,mightthesoftwarecontrolrealizes,andcouldrealizetheintellectualization,nowsinglechipcontrolcategoryomnipresent,forexamplecorrespondenceproduct,domesticelectricappliances,intelligentinstrumentmeasuringappliance,processcontrolandspecial-purposecontroldeviceandsoon,singlechipapplicationdomainwasmoreandmorewidespread.Indeed,singlechipapplicationsignificanceisfarisnotrestrictedinitsapplicationcategoryorfromthistheeconomicefficiencywhichbrings,itfundamentallychangedthetraditionalcontrolmethodandthedesignthoughtmoreimportantly.Iscontrolstechnicalarevolution,isanimportantmilestone.

2.TheMCU’sdevelopmentoutline

In1946firstelectronicaccountingmachinebirthuntilnow,onlythen50years,dependsuponmicroelectronictechnologyandthesemiconductortechnologyprogress,fromtheelectrontube-transistor-integratedcircuit-largescaleintegratedcircuit,nowtogetheronthechipdefinitelymayintegrateseveralmillionevenmorethantenmilliontransistor,causesthecomputervolumeslightly,thefunctionisstronger.Speciallyinthenearly20yearstime,computertechnologyobtainedtherapiddevelopment,thecomputerintheindustryandagriculture,thescientificresearch,theeducation,thenationaldefenseandtheaerospacedomainhasobtainedthewidespreadapplication,computertechnologyalreadywasanationalmodernscienceandtechnologylevelimportantsymbol.

Singlechipisborninthe20thcen