bgurqtu2010年全国大学英语四级考试真题和答案Word文件下载.docx

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bgurqtu2010年全国大学英语四级考试真题和答案Word文件下载.docx

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　　PartIIReadingComprehension（SkimmingandScanning）（15minutes）

Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswer

thequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoices

markedA）,B）,C）andD）.Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgivenin

thepassage.

　　CaughtintheWeb

　　Afewmonthsago,itwasn'

tunusualfor47-year-oldCarlaToebetospend15hoursperday

online.She'

dwakeupearly,turnonherlaptopandchatonInternetdatingsitesandinstant-

messagingprograms–leavingherbedforonlybriefintervals.Herhouseholdbillspiledup,along

withthedishesanddirtylaundry,butittooknear-constantcomplaintsfromherfourdaughters

beforesherealizedshehadaproblem.

Iwasstartingtofeellikemywholeworldwasfallingapart–kindofslippingintoa

depression,"

saidCarla."

IknewthatifIdidn'

tgetoffthedatingsites,I'

djustkeepgoing,"

detaching（使脱离）herselffurtherfromtheoutsideworld.

　　Toebe'

sconclusion:

Shefeltlikeshewas"

addicted"

totheInternet.She'

snotalone.

　　ConcernaboutexcessiveInternetuseisn'

tnew.Asfarbackas1995,articlesinmedical

journalsandtheestablishmentofaPennsylvaniatreatmentcenterforoverusersgeneratedinterest

inthesubject.There'

sstillnoconsensusonhowmuchtimeonlineconstitutestoomuchorwhether

addictionispossible.

　　ButasrelianceontheWebgrows,therearesignsthatthequestionisgettingmoreserious

attention:

Lastmonth,astudypublishedinCNSSpectrumsclaimedtobethefirstlarge-scalelook

atexcessiveInternetuse.TheAmericanPsychiatricAssociationmayconsiderlistingInternet

addictioninthenexteditionofitsdiagnosticmanual.Andscoresofonlinediscussionboardshave

poppeduponwhichpeoplediscussnegativeexperiencestiedtotoomuchtimeontheWeb.

There'

snoquestionthatthere'

repeoplewho'

reseriouslyintroublebecausethey'

reoverdoing

theirInternetinvolvement,"

saidpsychiatrist（精神科医生）IvanGoldberg.Goldbergcallsthe

problemadisorderratherthanatrueaddiction.

　　JonathanBishop,aresearcherinWalesspecializinginonlinecommunities,ismoreskeptical.

TheInternetisanenvironment,"

hesaid."

Youcan'

tbeaddictedtotheenvironment."

Bishop

describestheproblemassimplyamatterofpriorities,whichcanbesolvedbyencouragingpeople

toprioritizeotherlifegoalsandplansinplaceoftimespentonline.

　　ThenewCNSSpectrumsstudywasbasedonresultsofanationwidetelephonesurveyofmorethan

2,500adults.Likethe2005survey,thisonewasconductedbyStanfordUniversityresearchers.About

6%ofrespondentsreportedthat"

theirrelationshipssufferedbecauseofexcessiveInternetuse."

About9%attemptedtoconceal"

nonessentialInternetuse,"

andnearly4%reportedfeeling

preoccupiedbytheInternetwhenoffline."

　　About8%saidtheyusedtheInternetasawaytoescapeproblems,andalmost14%reportedthey

foundithardtostayawayfromtheInternetforseveraldaysatatime."

TheInternetproblemisstillinitsinfancy,"

saidEliasAboujaoude,aStanfordprofessor.No

singleonlineactivityistoblameforexcessiveuse,hesaid."

They'

reonlineinchatrooms,

checkinge-mail,orwritingblogs.[Theproblemis]notlimitedtoporn（色情）orgambling"

websites.

　　ExcessiveInternetuseshouldbedefinednotbythenumberofhoursspentonlinebut"

interms

oflosses,"

saidMaressaOrzack,aHarvardUniversityprofessor."

Ifit'

saloss[where]you'

renot

gettingtowork,andfamilyrelationshipsarebreakingdownasaresult,thenit'

stoomuch."

　　Sincetheearly1990s,severalclinicshavebeenestablishedintheU.S.totreatheavy

Internetusers.TheyincludetheCenterforInternetAddictionRecoveryandtheCenterforInternet

Behavior.

　　ThewebsiteforOrzack'

scenterliststhefollowingamongthepsychologicalsymptomsof

computeraddiction:

　　●Havingasenseofwell-being（幸福）orexcitementwhileatthecomputer.

　　●Longingformoreandmoretimeatthecomputer.

　　●Neglectoffamilyandfriends.

　　●Feelingempty,depressedorirritablewhennotatthecomputer.

　　●Lyingtoemployersandfamilyaboutactivities.

　　●Inabilitytostoptheactivity.

　　●Problemswithschoolorjob.

　　Physicalsymptomslistedincludedryeyes,backaches,skippingmeals,poorpersonalhygiene（卫

生）andsleepdisturbances.

　　PeoplewhostrugglewithexcessiveInternetusemaybedepressedorhaveothermooddisorders,

Orzacksaid.WhenshediscussesInternethabitswithherpatients,theyoftenreportthatbeing

onlineoffersa"

senseofbelonging,andescape,excitement[and]fun,"

shesaid."

Somepeoplesay

relief…becausetheyfindthemselvessorelaxed."

　　SomepartsoftheInternetseemtodrawpeopleinmorethanothers.Internetgamersspend

countlesshourscompetingingamesagainstpeoplefromallovertheworld.Onesuchgame,called

WorldofWarcraft,iscitedonmanysitesbyposterscomplainingofa"

gamingaddiction."

　　AndrewHeidrich,aneducationnetworkadministratorfromSacramento,playsWorldofWarcraft

forabouttwotofourhourseveryothernight,butthat'

snothingcomparedwiththe40to60hours

aweekhespentplayingonlinegameswhenhewasincollege.Hecutbackonlyafterafull-scale

familyintervention（干预）,inwhichrelativestoldhimhe'

dgainedweight.

sthiswholecultureofcompetitionthatsuckspeoplein"

withonlinegaming,said

Heidrich,nowafatheroftwo."

Peopledoitattheexpenseofeverythingthatwasaconstantin

theirlives."

Heidrichnowvisitswebsitesthatdiscussgamingaddictionregularly"

toremind

myselftokeepmyloveforonlinegamesincheck."

　　ToebealsoregularlyvisitsasitewherepostersdiscussInternetoveruse.InAugust,whenshe

firstrealizedshehadaproblem,shepostedamessageonaYahooInternetaddictiongroupwiththe

subjectline:

IhaveanInternetAddiction."

mself-employedandneedtheInternetformywork,butI'

mfailingtoaccomplishmywork,to

takecareofmyhome,togiveattentiontomychildren,"

shewroteinamessagesenttothe

group."

Ihavenomoneyorinsurancetogetprofessionalhelp;

Ican'

tevenpaymymortgage（抵押贷

款）andfacelosingeverything."

　　Sincethen,Toebesaid,shehaskeptherpromisetoherselftocutbackonherInternetuse."

haveaboyfriendnow,andI'

mnotinterestedinonlinedating,"

shesaidbyphonelastweek."

It'

alotbetternow."

此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

　　1.WhateventuallymadeCarlaToeberealizeshewasspendingtoomuchtimeontheInternet?

　　A）Herdaughter'

srepeatedcomplaints.

　　B）Fatigueresultingfromlackofsleep.

　　C）Thepoorlymanagedstateofherhouse.

　　D）Thehighfinancialcostsaddingup.

　　2.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutexcessiveInternetuse?

　　A）Peopleshouldbewarnedofitsharmfulconsequences.

　　B）Ithasbecomevirtuallyinevitable.

　　C）Ithasbeensomewhatexaggerated.

　　D）Peoplehaven'

tyetreachedagreementonitsdefinition.

　　3.JonathanBishopbelievesthattheInternetoveruseproblemcanbesolvedifpeople______.

　　A）trytoimprovetheInternetenvironment

　　B）becomeawareofitsseriousconsequences

　　C）canrealizewhatisimportantinlife

　　D）canreachaconsensusonitsdefinition

　　4.AccordingtoProfessorMaressaOrzack,Internetusewouldbeconsideredexcessiveif______.

　　A）itseriouslyaffectedfamilyrelationships

　　B）onevisitedpornwebsitesfrequently

　　C）toomuchtimewasspentinchatrooms

　　D）peoplegotinvolvedinonlinegambling

　　5.AccordingtoOrzack,peoplewhostrugglewithheavyrelianceontheInternetmayfeel

______.

　　A）discouraged

　　B）pressured

　　C）depressed

　　D）puzzled

　　6.WhydidAndreHeidrichcutbackonlinegaming?

　　A）Hehadlostalotofmoney.

　　B）Hisfamilyhadintervened.

　　C）Hehadoffendedhisrelatives.

　　D）Hiscareerhadbeenruined.

　　7.AndrewHeidrichnowvisitswebsitesthatdiscussonlinegamingaddictionto______.

　　A）improvehisonlinegamingskills

　　B）curbhisdes

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