优质许昌市阅读理解中考英语专项训练含答案解析Word格式.docx
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thetoy
B.
thecharacteristic
C.
themachine
D.
theengine
(2)Thechemicalsensorsmayhelparobotto____.
See
catch
hear
smell
(3)Inhowmanywayscanarobotpoweritselfaccordingtothepassage?
Two.
Three.
Four.
Five.
(4)TheChinesemeaningof"
Intelligence"
inthelastparagraphis____.
能源
勤奋
智能
外观
(5)Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?
Tohelppeopleunderstandwhatarobotis.
Totellwhatarobotcandoinourlife.
Todescribethemovementofarobot.
Tointroducethehistoryofrobots.
【答案】
(1)C
(2)D
(3)B
(4)C
(5)A
【解析】【分析】文章大意:
机器人及智慧机器人的外貌及工作原理。
(1)理解推断题。
A玩具,B人物,C机器,D引擎;
根据文中的语句Itwillalsohelpyoutodecidewhatyouwillneedtobuildintoamachinebeforeitcanbeconsideredasarobot.
它还将帮助你决定在机器上安装什么,然后才能被认为是机器人,可知在最终安装零件之前,机器还只是单纯的机器,而不是机器人,因此it指代的是machine,机器,故选C。
(2)细节理解题。
A看(眼睛),B抓(手),C听(耳朵),D闻(鼻子),根据文中的语句chemicalsensors(nose),可知chemicalsensors相当于鼻子,即机器人的嗅觉,smell,故选D。
(3)理解归纳题。
根据文中的语句
Somerobotsmightpoweritselfwithsunlight,somemightwithelectricity,whileotherswiththebattery(电池).理解可知,一个机器人能以三种方式为自己提供动力。
故选B。
(4)词义推断题。
Arobotneedssomekindof"
.机器人需要某种智慧,intelligence的含义就是智力,故选C。
(5)理解归纳题。
通读全文可知,此文主要介绍了什么是机器人以及机器人的特征,故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解。
本文考查细节题,词义推断题,推理判断题和主旨题等常考题型,细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案;
主旨题,词义推断题以及判断题都需要通读全文,了解大意之后找出正确选项。
2.阅读理解
Lookatthefoodsaroundyou.Fromgrapesandwainuts(核桃)tocucumbersandspinach(菠菜),theymakeourdietsspecial.ButdidyouknowthatnoneofthefoodsabovearenativetoChina?
TheycametoChinathroughtheSilkRoadhundredsofyearsago.ArethereanyfoodsthatarenativetoChina?
Ofcoursethereare.Rice,soybeans,chestnuts(栗子),Chinesecabbageandhawthorns(山植)wereallgrowninChinafirst.
Wherearethesefoodsfrom?
Food
Homecountry
TimetoenterChina
Luffs
India
TangDynasty(AD618﹣907)
Eggplant
IndiaandSoutheastAsia
HanDynasty(206BC﹣AD220)
Cucumber
SouthAsia
HanDynasty(206BC﹣AD202)
Watermelon
Africa
(1)
cametoChinathroughtheSilkRoad.
Watermelonsandrice
Grapesandwalnuts
Cabbageandfathoms
(2)
cametoChinaatthesametime.
Cucumbersandeggplants
Watermelonsandeggplants
Cucumbersandwatermelons
(3)Fromthetext,weknowthat
.
luffsarefromAfrica
eggplantsarefromChina
noneofthefoodsaboveinthechartarenativetoChina
【答案】
(1)B
(2)A
(3)C
【解析】【分析】主要讲了四种食物来自哪里及时间。
(1)细节理解题。
根据第一段Fromgrapesandwainuts(核桃)tocucumbersandspinach(菠菜),TheycametoChinathroughtheSilkRoadhundredsofyearsago.从葡萄和核桃到黄瓜和菠菜,它们几百年前通过丝绸之路来到中国,可知葡萄和核桃都是从丝绸之路来到的中国,故选B。
根据表格二和三Luffa,India,TangDynasty(AD618﹣907)Eggplant,IndiaandSoutheastAsia,HanDynasty(206BC﹣AD220)茄子,印度与东南亚,汉代(206BC﹣AD220);
黄瓜,南亚,汉代(206BC﹣AD202)可知,茄子和黄瓜都来自汉代,故选A。
(3)细节理解题。
根据文字还有表格可知,文字和上面图表中的食物都不是中国本土的。
故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解,主要考查细节题,注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
3.阅读理解
EnglishisbecomingmoreandmorepopularinChina.Itcanbeusedineveryfield,suchasonsomesignsandrestaurantmenus.Buttherearesomeproblemswhenpeopleuseit.Perhapsyou'
veseentheEnglishletters"
WC"
inyourcity.Theyshowpublictoilets.Butdoyouknowitisfarfromnative(地道的)English?
Infact,foreignersfromEnglish﹣speakingcountriesseldomusetheletters.
Workersinourcityarechanging"
signsalloverthecity.ThegovernmentisspendingmuchmoneychangingallthebadEnglishonsignsandrestaurantmenus.ManyotherplacesinChinaarefollowingoursteps.
"
WC,orwatercloset,isold﹣fashionedEnglish.Itsoundsdirtytome."
saysNancy,ayoungwomanfromtheUS.Theoldsignwillbecome"
Gents/Men"
and"
Ladies/Women"
."
IseemuchpoorEnglishineverydaylife,andnotonlyonsigns,"
shesays,"
Iknowwhattheymean,buttheyareChinglish,notrealEnglish.Forexample,whensomeonesaystome"
MyhometownisGuizhouProvince"
Iknowheorsheshouldsay"
MyhometownisinGuizhouProvince"
.Hometownisasmallerplaceinaprovince.ThecommonmistakesthatNancypickedupinclude"
NotEntry"
whichshouldbe"
NoEntry"
"
DirectionofAirport"
shouldbechangedto"
TotheAirport"
.Anditis"
RoomRate"
not"
RoomPrice"
.Andrememberto"
KeepofftheGrass"
ratherthan"
CareoftheGreen"
.
Thenexttimeyouwalkonthestreetoreatintherestaurant,youcangoandseeiftheexpressionsareright.
(1)Whoseldomuseslettersof"
accordingtothepassage?
Chinesestudents.
Foreignersfromothercountries.
TeachersinChina.
English﹣speakingforeigners.
(2)What'
stheattitude(态度)ofthegovernmenttowardsthebadEnglishonsigns?
It'
snative.
Itshouldbechanged.
Itdoesn'
tmatter.
Itcanbeusedonsigns.
(3)WhenNancyseesmuchpoorEnglishineverydaylife,
shethinksitshouldbecorrected
shethinksitisdirty
shethinksitisproper
shelikestouseit
(4)WhichofthefollowingsignsisRight?
NotEntry
RoomPrice
TotheAirport
CareoftheGreen
(5)Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?
Chinglishonmenus.
MoneyspentonChinglish.
UsagesofnativeEnglish.
Lettersof"
.
【答案】
(1)D
(2)B
(3)A
(5)C
【解析】【分析】主要讲了目前我国出现很多标志以及日常用的英语不地道,相关部门进行整改,以及采访了几个来自说英语国家对我国用汉语式英文的感受。
(1)细节题。
根据原文Infact,foreignersfromEnglish﹣speakingcountriesseldomusetheletters事实上,来自说英语国家的外国人很少用这个词,故选D。
(2)细节题。
根据原文ThegovernmentisspendingmuchmoneychangingallthebadEnglishonsignsandrestaurantmenus政府花很多钱来改变所有不良的英文标志和餐馆的菜单,可知政府是认为要改变的,故选B。
(3)细节题。
根据原文ThecommonmistakesthatNancypickedupinclude"
,whichshouldbe"
,"
,not"
.Nancy发现的包括NotEntry,应该是NoEntry,飞机场的方向应该改为TotheAirport,RoomRate而不是RoomPrice,而且记住勿践踏草地是用KeepofftheGrass而不是CareoftheGreen,可知她认为应该要把这些不标准的英文该改过来,故选A。
(4)细节题。
根据原文"
.飞机场的方向应该改为otheAirport,所以TotheAirport的表达是正确的,故选C。
(5)主旨题。
根据原文主要介绍了目前我国出现很多标志以及日常用的英语不地道,相关部门进行整改,以及采访了几个来自说英语国家对我国用汉语式英文的感受,可知主要在讲述地道英语的运用,故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。
本文涉及细节题和主旨题常考题型,细节题要注意从文中寻找答案;
主旨题需要通读全文,了解大意之后找出中心思想。
4.阅读理解
Chinesepaintingisoneoftheoldestartformsintheworld.PaintinginthetraditionalstyleisknowntodayinChineseasGuohua.
TraditionalChinesepaintingisdonewithabrushdipped(浸)inblackorcoloredink(墨水).Paperandsilkarealsoneededforpainting.Thefinishedworkcanbeputonscrolls(轴).TraditionalChinesepaintingincludeslandscape(山水)painting,figures(人物),birdandflowers.LandscapepaintingisregardedasthehighestformofChinesepainting.
Chinesefolk(民间的)musicisanimportantpartofChineseculture.Ithasalonghistory.OneoftheConfucianismClassics(儒家经典)ShiJing,containsmanyfolksongs.Theyaremuchlovedbypeopleuptonow.
TraditionalChinesemusicalinstrumentsaresymbolsofChineseculture,suchasguqin,guzheng,pipa,erhu,xiaoandchime(编钟).ShengandsuonaarealsopopularinnorthernvillagesinChina.Xi'
andrummusicislargetraditionaldrummusic.ItisavaluablepartofChineseancientmusic,andisregardedasthe"
livingfossil(化石)ofChineseancientmusic"
intheworld.
(1)Peopleusuallyuse
fordoingtraditionalChinesepainting.
①brushes
②ink
③colorpencils
④paper
⑤silk
①②③④
②③④⑤
①②③⑤
①②④⑤
(2)ThehighestformofChinesepaintingis
landscapepainting
figures
birdandflowers
trees
(3)Theunderlinedword"
contain"
means
hold
B.