新人教unit4NaturalDisasters2文档格式.docx
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0survivevi.生存；
存活
vt.幸存；
艰难度过
（教材Ps2）She'
sfeedmgdiebabywhosurvivedtheearthquake.
Ofthesixpeoplenijuredintheterribleaccident,onlytwosurvived.
在这次可怕的事故受伤的六人中，只有两人活了下来。
②Thetravelertrappedinthelonelyislandsurvivedonthefishcauglitinthesea.
被困在孤岛上的那位旅客靠在海里捕到的鱼生存了下来。
③Somestrangecustomshavesurvivedfromearliertimes.
有些奇怪的风俗是从早年流传下来的。
④Theoldladyhassurvivedallhersistersandbrothersbytenyears.
那位老妇人比她所有的兄弟姐妹晚去世10年。
©
语境助记
Hewastheonlysurvivorinthatbadaccident,andafterthesurvival,hehasbeenlivingahappyandhealtliylife.
关系代词引导的限制性定语从句
预习
用适当的关系代词填空
1.（教材P5o）Thereweredeepcracksthatappearedinthewellwalls.
2.（教材Pso）Twotliirdsofthepeoplewholivedthereweredeadornyured.
3.（教材Pso）Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorbadlyinjuredinthequakewasmorethan400»
000.
4.（教材P50）Soonafterthequakes,thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshaiitodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburydiedead.
5.（教材P5o）Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.
6.（教材P>
2）AdoctorwithwhomJaniesusedtoworkdiedindie2016earthquakeinEcuador.
重点
考点一
定义
1.在主从复合句中，对某一名词或代词起修饰作用的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
2.关系词分为关系代词（that,which,who,whom,whose,as等）和关系副词（when,where,why等）两类。
考点二
关系代词的基本用法
1.who指人，在定语从句中可以充当主语、宾语或表语。
♦Thechildrenwhowereinjuredinacaraccidentarebeingtreatedindiehospitalnow.在车祸中受伤的孩子们现在正在医院接受治疗。
（作主语）
♦Dannywasamanwhowerescuedfromdieruins.
丹尼是我们从废墟中救出来的一个人。
（作宾语）
2.whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可省略，也可用who代替。
♦Roseistheperson（who/whom）youshouldcareabout.
罗丝是你应该关心的人.
♦Theboy（who/whom）theteacheroftenpraisesistlieirmonitor.
老师经常表扬的那个男孩是他们的班长。
3.whose既可以指人，也可以指物，表示“所属“关系，whose在定语从句中作定语。
♦Anystudentwhosefamilyistoopoortogotoschoolcangethelpfromthegovernment.任何由于家境贫寒而上不起学的学生都可以得到政府的帮助。
（修饰人）
♦Helivesinaroomwhosewindowfacesnorth.
他住在一个窗子朝北的房间里。
（修饰物）
［即时演练1］—关系代词填空
①Thewomanwhoisshakinghandswithmysisterisadoctor.
②Thosewhowanttoseethefilmsetdownyournames,please.
③ThegirlwhograduatedfromCambridgeUniversityiscalledAnianda.
④Ilikethosebookswhosetopicsareabouthistory.
⑤Theoldmanwhonr'
whoyouspoketoisafamousdoctor.
4.wluch指事物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。
♦Chinaisacoimtrywhichhasalonghistory.
中国是一个具有悠久历史的国家。
♦Theradio（which）heboughtyesterdaydoesn'
twork.
他昨天买的收音机坏了。
♦ThisisthehouseinwhichIoncelived.
这是我曾经住过的房子。
（作介词in的宾语）
5.that既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可省略。
习惯上指人多用who,whom,指物多用which0
♦Thisisthenovelthatinterestsme.
这就是让我感兴趣的那本小说。
（指物，作主语）
♦Themagazine（that）Ibouglityesterdayislost.
我昨天买的那本杂志丢了。
（指物，作宾语）
♦Thenumberofpeoplethat/whocometovisittliiscityeachyearreachesonemillion.每年来参观这座城市的人数达100万。
（that指人，作主语）
。
温馨提示
关系代词指代先行词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语或表语，因此定语从句中不能再出现关系代词所替代的名词或代词。
［译］昨天晚上我们看的那部电影非常吓人。
［误］Thefilm（tliat'
which）wesawitlastniglitisveryfrightening.
［正］Thefilm（tliat'
which）wesawlastnightisveryfrightenmg.
[即时演练2]——关系代词填空
QjLook,herearesomepeoplewho/whom/thatIwantyoutomeet.
②Doyoustillrememberthechickenfannthat/whichwevisitedthreemonthsago?
③Thepicturewhichhhatwasaboutdieaccidentwasterrible.
考点三
关系词只能用that而不用which的情况
1.当先行词为all.everything,nothing,anything,much等不定代词时。
♦HaveyoutakendowneverythingthatMr.Lisaid?
李老师讲的你都记下来了吗？
♦Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.
所有能做的都做了。
2.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。
♦ThefirstplacethattlieyvisitedinLondonwastheBigBen.
在伦敦他们参观的第一个地方是大本钟。
♦ThisisthemostdeliciousfoodthatIhaveeverhad.
这是我吃过的最美味的食物。
3.先行词被all.every，n。
，theonly,thevery,thelast等修饰时。
♦I'
vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.
我已经读了所有那些不是我的书。
♦Theonlythingthatshecoulddowastogotothepoliceforhelp.她唯一能做的事就是
去求助警察。
♦IhavefoundtheveiypenthatIlostyesterday.
我已找到昨天丢的钢笔。
4.当先行词既指人，又指物时。
♦Weoftentalkaboutthepersonsandthingsthatweremember.
我们常常谈起我们记得的那些人和事。
[即时演练3]——完成句子
①这是我参观过的最漂亮的公园。
Thisisthemostbeautifiilparkthat!
havevisited.
②她把她感兴趣的人和物都拍摄了下来。
Shetookphotographsofthethmgsandpeoplethatshewasinterestedin.
③聊天是她唯一最感兴趣的事。
Chattingwastheonlythingthatmterestedhermost.
检测
I单句语法填空
1.LastweekendmyroommatesandItalkedaboutthehappydaysthatAvhichwehadincollege.
2.・JakeusedtobeabraveboythatAvhoin/whohisteachersalwayspraised.
3.・Ann,sparentsallowedAnntohelpJolinwhosefamilywaspoor.
4.Tlieyhavegotarobotthat/whichcantakecareoftheoldandbabies.
5.Lucycalledherbrotherthat/whoin/whoshehadn'
tspokentofor6veyears.
6.Tliefirefighterrescuedthosewhoweretrappedinthelift.
7.IvisitedthecouplelastweekwhosedaughterisstudyingintlieUnitedStates.
8.ItisthemostinterestingstorythatIhaveeverread.
9.Tlierearemanythingsthat/whichIneedtobuybeforethetriptoFrance.
10.Martindidn'
tbuydienewcellphonewhosepricewastoohighforhun.
11.DoyoulikethefilmUtanicwhosemusicisverybeautiful?
12.I,mnotinterestedmthestorythat/whkhisaboutthetriptothemoon.
13..OneHundredYearsofSolitudeisthemostwonderfillbookthatIhatereadsofar.
14.Whenshecamenear.IfoundthatshewasoneofmyclassmatesthatAvhom/whoIhadnotmetsincegraduation.
15.Todaytherearelotsofvideogamesthat/whicheatupourtime.
16.Lucylikesthewomanwriterwhosebooksteachheralot.
17.JohnsonisthestudentwhomAvho/thathisteachersareproudof.
18.Iwon'
tdoanythingthatharmsmeormyfriendsforever.
19.AllthestoriesthatMrs.Yangwrotehavesomethmgtodowithteenagers.
20.Aliceisoneofdiegirlsinourschoolwhohavewontlieprizethreetimes.
H语法与写作
请将下列句子升级为含定语从句的复合句。
1.Wearegoingtointerviewthewriter.Hisnewnovelliasbeenwellreceivedbydiepublic.
W^aregoiiigtointerviewthe\vnterwhosenewnovelhasOeenwelLrecei\・edbythepublic.
2.Thewashingmachuieisoutoforder.Mrs.Greenboughtthewashingmachineamonthago.
Thewashin?
machine（thatAvhich）Nirs.Greenboughtamonthagoisoutoforder.
3..Tliepolicearelookingforthelittlegirl.Thelittlegirlgotlostyesterday.
Thepolicsare]ookingfbrthelittlsgirlthat/whog°
Xlostyesterday.
4.Tliegirlismakingaspeechunderthenationalflag.Thegirlisourmonitor.
Theg1rlwho/thatigniakmggppeechunderthenationalflagigourpionitor.
5.TlieyvisitedPeteryesterday.Peter'
slegwasinjuredinacaraccident.
TheyvisitedPeteryesterdaywhoselegwasinjuredinacaraccident.
6.Ivaluethecellphone-Myauntgavemethecellphoneasmybirthdaygiftlastweekend.
Ivaluethecellphone（that/w如ch）myauntgavemeasniybirthdaygifilastweekend.
7.Susanisclever.Susan'
sdreamistobecomeafamoussinger.
Susan、whosedreamistobecomeafamoussinger,isclever.
8..Marycan'
tbelievedienews.Tonytoldherdienewsjustnow.
Nlarycan'
tbelievethenews（thathvhich）Tonytoldherjustnow.
作业
I阅读理解
OnJan.11,amothernamedAmyCalhounhadanextremelyscarmgexperiencebeforeaneigliborcametohelpher.Afterdrinkingnulkandasmallamountofjuice,her7-week-oldsonOliverbegantocry.Hismotliergentlypatted（拍打）hisback.Tlieiihevomited（呕吐）.TlievomitwasstuckinOliversnose.Hecouldn'
tbreathe.
Calhounrandownstairs.Shelaidhunonthehardfloorandwentoutsideandshoutedforhelp.ShetriedCPR.Shewasn*tdoingitright.Shewentoutsideandshoutedagainforhelp.Sheturnedaround.Oliverwasblue.Hiseyeswereclosed.、'
Hewasgone,“shesaid.Thenextthingsheknewwasthatastrangerwasthere."
Idon'
tevenrememberseeinghimcomein,"
shesaid.MarcusBrewerrantothehome.Calhounwascrying.Hesawthelifelessbaby."
Shewasjustsaying.*Mybaby,sdead.'
"
hesaid."
That'
sallIrememberhersaying.”
Brewer,aformervolunteerfirefigliter,toldhertocalmdownandtellhimwhathadhappened.HepickedOliverup.Oliver'
samisandlegshungloosely.Brewerturnedhimoverandstronglypattedhisback.Hesucked（吸）outdievomitandperformedCPR・Afterawhile.BrewersawOliver*sdarkbluelipsshake.AndCalliounheardOln-ercry.OliA-erhadbeenbroughtbacktolifejustbeforetheambulancearrived.CalhounandherbabyweremovedtoMedicalCenter,wherethedoctorssaidhewasperfectlyhealthy.
Calliounthouglittheincidentcouldbealesson,andencouragedeveryonetolearnCPR.uTheremightbeonedaywhenyou'
11havetouseittosavealovedoneorastranger,“shesaid.°
Ifitweren'
tforhim.mysonwouldnotbehererightnow.°
AsOlivergetsolder,sheplanstotellhmihisstory.
【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。
一个7周大的婴儿因呕吐物卡在鼻中而停止呼吸，邻居赶来对其实施急救，从而使婴儿得救。
1.WhydidOliverstopbreathuig?
A・Hedrankbadniilkandjuice.
B・Somethingharmedhislung.
C・Somethingwasstuckinhisnose.
D,Hismotherwronglypattedhim.
C解析：
细行理解题。
根据第一段的、ThevomitwassnickinOliver\nose.Hecouldn'
tbreathe.“可知，Olivei■因呕吐物卡在鼻中而停止呼吸。
2.Callioimdidn'
tnoticeBrewercomemtothehomeprobablybecause.
A・shewascalling911
B・shewaslostingreatsadne
升级会员 