北京航空航天大学考博英语1docWord下载.docx

北京航空航天大学考博英语1docWord下载.docx

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Directions:

Therearefourpassagesinthepart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthem,thereare4choicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Readthepassagescarefullyanddecideonthebestchoice.

Passage1

OnesillyquestionIsimplycannottolerateis"

Howdoyoufeel?

"

Usuallythequestionisaskedofamaninaction-amanwalkingalongthestreet,orbusilyworkingathisdesk.Sowhatdoyouexpecthimtosay?

He'

llprobablysay,"

Fine,I'

manright."

Butyouhaveputahugahisear-maybenowheisnotsure.Ifyouarehisgoodfriend,youmayhaveseensomethingonhisface,orinhiswalk,thatheover-lookedthatmorning.Itmakeshimworryingalittle.Helooksinamirrortoseeifeverythingisallright,whileyougomerrilyonyourwayaskingsomeoneelse,"

Everyquestionhasitstimeandplace.It'

sperfectlyacceptable,forinstance,toask"

ifyouarevisitingaclosefriendinthehospital.Butifthefellowiswalkingonbothlegs,hurryingtotakeatrainorsittingathisdeskworking,it'

snotimetoaskhimthatsillyquestion.

WhenGeorgeBernardShaw,thefamousBritishwriterofplayswasinhiseighties,someoneaskedhim,"

Shawputhiminhisplace."

Whenyoureachmyage,"

hesaid,"

eitheryoufeelallrightoryouaredead."

（分数：

5.00）

（1）.Accordingtothewriter,greetings,suchas"

1.00）

A.showone'

sconsiderationforothers

B.areagoodwaytomakefriends

C.arepropertoaskamaninaction

D.generallymakeonefeeluneasy

（2）.Thequestion"

seemstobecorrectandsuitablewhenaskedof______.（分数：

A.afriendwhoisill

B.apersonwhohaslostaclosefriend

C.astrangerwholookssomewhatworried

D.amanwhoisworkingathisdesk

（3）.GeorgeBernardShaw'

sreplyinthispassageshowshis______.（分数：

A.silliness

B.cleverness

C.carelessness

D.politeness

（4）."

Youhaveputabuginhisear"

meansthatyouhave______.（分数：

A.madehimlaugh

B.shownconcernforhim

C.madefunofhim

D.givenhimsomekindofwarning

（5）.Thispassagecanbeentitled______.（分数：

A.ASillyQuestion

B.Don'

tTroubleaBusyMan

C.WhatAreGoodGreetings

D.GeorgeBernardShaw'

sReply

Passage2

Inrecentyearsmanycountriesoftheworldhavebeenfacedwiththeproblemofhowtomaketheirworkersmoreproductive.Someexpertsclaimtheansweristomakejobsmorevaried.Butdomorevariedjobsleadtogreaterproductivity?

Theevidenceshowsthatwhilevarietycertainlymakestheworker'

slifemoreenjoyable,itdoesnotactuallymakehimworkharder.Asfarasincreasingproductivityisconcerned,then,varietyisnotanimportantfactor.

Otherexpertsfeelthatgivingtheworkerfreedomtodohisjobinhisownwayisimportant.Thereisnodoubtthatthisistrue.Theproblemisthatthiskindoffreedomcannoteasilybegiveninthemodemfactorywithitscomplicatedmachinerywhichmustbeusedinafixedway.Thus,althoughfreedomofchoicemaybeimportant,usuallyverylittlecanbedonetocreateit.

Anotherimportantconsiderationishowmuchaworkercontributestotheproductheismaking.InmostfactoriestheworkerseesonlyonesmallpartoftheproduceSomecarfactoriesarenowexperimentingwithhavingmanysmallproductionlinesratherthanalargeone,sothateachworkercontributesmoretotheproductionofthecarsonhisline.Itwouldseemthatnotonlyisdegreeoftheworker'

scontributionanimportantfactor,therefore,butitisalsoonewecandosomethingabout.

Towhatextentdoesmoremoneyleadtogreaterproductivity?

Theworkersthemselvescertainlythinkthisisimportant.Butperhapstheywantmoremoneyonlybecausetheworktheydoissoboring.Moneyjustletsthemenjoytheirsparetimemore.Asimilarargumentmayexplaindemandsforshorterworkinghours.Perhapsifwemaketheirjobsmoreinteresting,theywillwantneithermoremoneynorshorterworkinghours.

（1）.Variedjobs,inwriter'

sopinion,will______.（分数：

A.offergreaterproductivity

B.driveworkerstoworkharder

C.makeworkersmoreproductive

D.makeworker'

slifemoreenjoyable,butdonotmakethemmorehardworking

（2）.Accordingtothepassage,freedomcannotbeeasilygivensince______.（分数：

A.itisinnotwhatworkerscareabout

B.ithasnothingtodowithincreasingproductivity

C.freedomwilldoharmtothemanagement

D.machinesinmodemfactoriesmustbeorganizedinafixedway

（3）.Degreeoftheworker'

scontributionisgreaterwhen______.（分数：

A.afactorypossessesmoreexperts

B.afactoryhasmanysmallproductionlines

C.workersenjoymorefreedom

D.workersworkatalargeproductio