Configuring SAP ERP FICOGeneral LedgerWord文档下载推荐.docx

Configuring SAP ERP FICOGeneral LedgerWord文档下载推荐.docx

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Inthischapter,wewillbuilduponthebasechartofaccountsconfigurationthatwestartedaspartoftheFIEnterpriseStructureinChapter2.We’llcoveracombinationofconfigurationandmasterdatamaintenance.Itisimportantthatyouunderstandthemasterdatamaintenanceexplanationbecauseconfigurationsettingsaffecttheavailablemasterdataoptionsaswellastheoverallprocessingofthegeneralledger（G/L）accountsinthesystem.

ContinuingwiththeChartofaccounts

ThebaseconfigurationforchartofaccountsEXCAwasdoneinChapter2.We’llnowcompletethechartofaccountconfigurationtomakeitfunctionalfortheproductionsystem.AsexplainedinChapter2,itisnecessarytogothroughyourexistingchartofaccountsandreducethenumberofaccountstoonlythosethatareessential.Thereisnoneedtobuildlogicintotheaccountnumbersotherthantogroupsimilartypesofaccountsbyaccountgroup.Remember,theG/Lisnolongeryoursolereportingsystem.WewillshowyouhowtoutilizetheCOmoduletoachieveyourcontrolling/managerialreportingneeds.Foraccountsthatrequireadetailedreconciliation,thereareotherdimensionssuchastheallocationfieldthatallowforfurthercategorizationoftransactions.

AccountGroups

Thenextstepinourchartofaccountsconfigurationistosetupaccountgroups.

AccountgroupsdeterminewhichfieldsyoucanconfigureontheG/Lmasterrecord.Attheminimum,itisnecessarytohaveatleasttwoaccountgroups,oneforbalancesheetaccountsandoneforincomestatement（ProfitandLoss,orP&

L）accounts.Itisbesttohavealotofaccountgroups;

ofcourse,theexactnumberwilldependonyourbusinessandtheoverallsystemdesignofyourproject.

FollowingthemenupathFinancialAccounting➢GeneralLedgerAccounting➢

G/LAccounts➢MasterData➢Preparations➢DefineAccountGroup,youcandefinethescreen’sappearanceforaccountgroups.Figure3.1showstheaccountgroupsthathavebeenconfiguredforchartofaccountsEXCA.AsyouwillrecallfromChapter2,whenwecreatedthechart,wechosetheoptiontocopytheaccountgroupsandallautomaticaccountassignmentsfromSAP-deliveredexamplesfortheUnitedStates.ExtremeSportshasaddedtoandchangedsomeofthestandardgroupingstofitwithitsimplementation.Ifyouwanttocreatenewaccountgroups,simplyclicktheNewEntriesbutton（showninthetoolbaratthetopofFigure3.1）,

Createanaccountgroupidentifier,specifytherangeofaccountsthatmakeupthegroup,andenteradescriptionoftheaccountgroup.

Bydouble-clickinganyoftheentriesintheaccountgrouplisting,youcanconfigurethefieldstatusfortheaccountgroup.Itisimportanttonotethatfieldstatusesappearatfourdifferentlevelsinthesystem:

∙Theaccountgroup:

Thiswilldictatehowmasterdataiscreated.

∙TheG/Laccount:

Thiswilldictatewhatkindofdataisrequiredwhileprocessingtransactionsinthegeneralledgeragainstthisaccount.

∙Thepostingkey:

Thishasanimpactonhowentriesareprocessedfromadebitversusacreditperspective.

∙Theactivity:

Herethesystemcontrolswhatfieldsarerequiredwhenusingdifferenttransactions/activitiesinthesystem.

Thefieldstatusismaintainedindifferenttablesanddifferentconfigurationstepsforeachofthelevels.

ThisisaveryexcitingpartofFICOconfigurationbecausehereyoucantrulyseehowthesystembehavesdifferently,basedontheconfigurationchoiceswemake.

Generally,therearefouroptionswhendealingwithfieldstatus:

∙Required:

Thesystemwillnotpermitthetransaction/businesseventtobecompleteuntilthereisavalidentryinthisfield.

∙Optional:

Anentryispermitted.

∙Display（notalwaysastatusinallfourlevels）:

Thisfieldcanbeseen,butnoeditingisallowed.

∙Suppressed:

Thefieldisnotevenvisibletotheenduser.

Thissectiondealsonlywiththeaccountgroupfieldstatus;

theothertypesoffieldstatuseswillbecoveredinlatersectionsofthischapter.Figure3.2displaystheconfigurationscreenfortheaccountgroupfieldstatus.Thefieldstatusismaintainedindependentlyforallaccountgroups.ThefieldstatusforaccountgroupscontrolsthefieldsthatcanbeconfiguredinthecompanycodesetupofG/Laccounts.TheconfigurationoftheactualG/Laccountswillbecoveredingreaterdetailinthenextsection.

Thevariousfieldsthatcanbemaintainedaregroupedintodifferentcategories,asyoucanseeinFigure3.2.Thedefaultforalloptionswithinthecategoriesistomakethefieldoptional.SAPalsoprovidestheabilitytomakethefieldsrequiredorsuppressed.Whendealingwithfieldstatuses,thesafestthingtodoistokeepallfieldsoptionalifatallpossible;

thisruleismoreim