届高三英语二轮专题强化精选阅读理解11Word格式.docx

届高三英语二轮专题强化精选阅读理解11Word格式.docx

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Weallknowthatscienceplaysanimportantroleinoursocieties.However,manypeoplebelievethatourprogressdependsontwodifferentaspectsofscience.Thefirstaspectistheapplicationofthemachines,productsandsystemsofknowledgethatscientistsandtechnologistsdevelop. 

Thesecondistheapplicationofthespecialmethodsofthoughtandaction 

thatscientistsuseintheirwork. 

Whatarethesespecialmethodsofthinkingandacting?

Firstofall,itseemsthatasuccessfulscientistiscurious-hewantstofindouthowandwhytheuniverseworks.Heusuallypaysattentiontoproblemswhichhenoticeshavenosatisfyingexplanation,and 

looksforrelationshipsevenifthedataavailableseemtobeunconnected.Moreover, 

hethinkshecanimprovetheexistingconditionsandenjoystryingtosolvetheproblemswhichthisinvolves.

Heisagoodobserver,accurate,patientandobjective（客观的）andusesthefactsheobservestothefullest.Forexample,trainedobserversobtainaverylargeamountofinformationaboutastarmainlyfromtheaccurateanalysisofthesimplelinesthatappearinaspectrum（光谱）.

Hedoesnotacceptstatementswhicharenotbasedonthemostcompleteevidenceavailable.Herejectsauthorityastheonlybasisfortruth.Scientistsalwayscheckstatementsandmakeexperimentscarefullyandobjectively.

Furthermore, 

hedoesnotreadilyaccepthisownidea,sinceheknowsthatmanistheleastreliableofscientificinstrumentsandthatanumberoffactorstendtodisturbobjectiveinvestigation.

Lastly, 

heisfullofimagination 

sinceheoftenhastolookforrelationshipsindatawhicharenotonlycomplexbutalsofrequentlyincomplete.Furthermore, 

heneedsimagination 

ifhewantstoguesshowprocessesworkandhoweventstakeplace.

Theseseemtobesomeofthewaysinwhichasuccessfulscientistortechnologistthinksandacts.

10.Manypeoplebelievethatsciencehelpssocietytoprogressthrough_________

A.knowledgeonly.

B.morethanoneaspect.

C.technologyonly.

D.theuseofmachines.

11.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutacuriousscientistisTRUE?

A.Hedoesn’tfindconfidenceandpleasureinwork.

B.Heisinterestedinproblemsthatareexplained.

C.Hemakeseffortstoinvestigatepotentialconnections.

D.Helooksfornewwaysofacting.

12.Accordingtothepassage,asuccessfulscientistwouldNOT_______________.

A.easilybelieveinuncheckedstatements.

B.easilycriticizeothers'

researchwork.

C.alwaysusehisimaginationinwork.

D.alwaysuseevidencefromobservation.

13.Whichwordcanbeusedtodescribethedatathatagoodscientistuses?

A.completeB.objectiveC.complicatedD.accurate

14.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

A.Applicationoftechnology.

B.Progressinmodemsociety.

C.Scientists'

waysofthinkingandacting.

D.Howtobecomeasuccessfulscientist.

10.B。

从第二段中manypeoplebelievethatourprogressdependsontwodifferentaspectsofscience.可知科学在两个方面推动社会进步。

11.C。

D选项的意思是“他总是寻求行动的新方法”，文中没有提及。

A应是findconfidenceandpleasure.D应是thatareunexplained

12.A。

从文中可知，科学家不是很容易相信没有检验的结论，但是他不仅批判别人的工作，还批判自已的工作，工作时需要想象力，充分利用自已观察所得。

13.C。

倒数第二段中的complex等于complicated，意思是“复杂的”。

14.C。

文中前两段简要介绍社会的进步依赖于科学的哪两个方面；

后部分详细介绍第二个方面，即科学家的思考和行为方式。

***********************************************************结束

4.（2011·

上海卷）（A）

Theteacherwhodidthemosttoencouragemewas,asithappened,myaunt.ShewasMyrtleC.Manigault,thewifeofmymother’sbrotherBill.Shetaughtinsecondgradeatall-blackSummerSchoolinCamden,NewJersey.

Duringmychildhoodandyouth,AuntMyrtleencouragedmetodevelopeveryaspectofmypotential,withoutregardforwhatwasconsideredpracticalorpossibleforblackfemales.Ilikedtosing;

shelistenedtomyvoiceandpronounceditgood.Icouldn’tdance;

shetaughtmethebasicdancingsteps.Shetookmetothetheatre____notjustchildren’stheatrebutadultcomediesanddramas---andherfaiththatIcouldappreciateadultplayswasnotdisappointed.

Myauntalsotookdownbooksfromherextensivelibraryandsharedthemwithme.Ihadbooksathome,buttheywereallseriousclassics.EvenasachildIhadastronglikingforhumor,andI’llneverforgetthejoyofdiscoveringDonMarquis’sArchy&

Mehitabelthroughher.

Mostimportant,perhaps,AuntMyrtleprovidedmyfirstopportunitytowriteforpublication.Awriterherselfforoneoftheblacknewspapers,shesuggestedmynametotheeditorasa“youthcolumnist”.Mycolumn,begunwhenIwasfourteen,wassupposedtocoverteenagesocialactivities---anditdid---butitalsogavemethefreed