气象专业英语6PPT资料.ppt

气象专业英语6PPT资料.ppt

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逆转；

reversevt.3.Adjacenta.邻近的邻近的;

surrounding周围的周围的4.Vigorousa.强盛的强盛的5.Dramatica.引人注目的引人注目的6.Inhabitantn.居民；

居民；

resident7.Inlanda.内陆内陆8.Prolongvt.延长延长9.Durationn.持续时间；

持续时间；

period期间期间10.Substantiallyad.实质的，本质的实质的，本质的11.Substructuren.下部结构；

下部结构；

sub+亚；

次级；

下级亚；

下级（构词法）（构词法）Subtropical亚热带Subgrid次网格Subsystem分系统Subdivision;

subseasonal.12.Residevi.驻扎；

驻扎；

resident居民居民13.SouthernOscillation南方涛动；

南方涛动；

NorthAtlanticOscillation（NAO）北大西洋涛动北大西洋涛动ArcticOscillation（AO）北极涛动；

北极涛动；

AntarcticOscillation（AAO）南极涛动；

南极涛动；

Quasi-BiennialOscillation（QBO）准两年振荡准两年振荡Seesaw翘翘板；

翘翘板；

Fluctuationn.振荡，振荡，扰动；

扰动；

Perturbationn.扰动扰动14.Passivea.消极的，被动的；

消极的，被动的；

activea.主动的主动的15.Quasi-biennialoscillation准两年振荡准两年振荡*quasi+准准（approximate,notexact）Forexample,quasi-static准静力；

准静力；

quasi-geostrophic准地转的；

准地转的；

quasi-stationaryfront准静止锋，准静止锋，etc.*biennial两年一次；

两年一次；

biannual一年两次一年两次16.Condensationn.浓缩，凝结浓缩，凝结;

condensevt.17.Convergencen.汇合，辐合；

汇合，辐合；

divergencen.辐散；

辐散；

散度散度18.gradientsn.梯度梯度；

temperaturegradients,pressuregradients,SSTgradients,etc.19.Anomalyn.不规则，异常；

不规则，异常；

anomalies复数复数20.Hypothesizev.假想；

假想；

hypothesisn.;

hypotheses复数复数21.Instabilityn.不稳定性；

不稳定性；

stability稳定性；

稳定性；

unstableadj.不稳定的不稳定的in+否定否定（构词法）（构词法）inaccurate不精确，不精确，invisible不可见，不可见，incompressible不可压缩不可压缩independent独立；

独立；

inhomogeneous不均匀；

不均匀；

informal非正式非正式22.Orographicbarrier地形分界线；

地形分界线；

topographic23.Spatialcoherence空间相干性；

空间相干性；

spatialadj.空间的；

空间的；

temporaladj.时间的时间的二、MeteologyToday有关MONSOON内容三、气象科技英语900句有关MONSOON内容四、课文内容Theterm“monsoon”appearstohaveoriginatedfromtheArabicwordmausimwhichmeansseason.ItismostoftenappliedtotheseasonalreversalsofwinddirectionalongtheshoresoftheIndianOcean,especiallyintheArabianSea,thatblowfromthesouthwestduringonehalfoftheyearandfromthenortheastduringtheother.Asmonsoonshavecometobebetterunderstood,thedefinitionhavebeenbroadenedtoincludealmostallofthephenomenaassociatedwiththeannualweathercyclewithinthetropicalandsubtropicalcontinentsofAsia,Australia,andAfricaandtheadjacentseasandoceans.Itiswithintheseregionsthatthemostvigorousanddramaticcyclesofweathereventsontheearthtakeplace.Paragraph1Thedominantcharacteristicofthegreatmonsoonsystems,theannualcycleitself,hasledtheinhabitantsofthemonsoonregionstodividetheirlives,customs,andeconomicsintotwodistinctphases:

the“wet”andthe“dry”.The“wet”,ofcourse,referstotherainyseason,duringwhichwarmmoistandverydisturbedwindsblowinlandfromtheoceans.Thedryreferstotheotherhalfoftheyear,whenthewindreversesbringingcoolanddryairfromtheheartsofthewintercontinents.Insomelocations,thecoldanddrywinterairflowsacrosstheequatortowardthehotcontinentsofthesummerhemisphere.Inthismanner,thedryofthewintermonsoonistiedtothewetofthesummermonsoon,andviceversa.Paragraph2Surfacewindsduringnorthernhemispherea）summerb）winterInthisarticle,weshallconcentratemainlyontheannualcycleofthemonsoon.However,itisincorrecttothinkofsummerandwinterphasesofthemonsoonasjustprolongedperiodsofrainordrought,eachofsomemonthsduration.Therearealsosignificantvariationsthatexistontimescalesrangingfromdaystoweeks.Thus,whilethemonsoonappearstohaveawell-definedannualcycle,closerinspectionshowsthatthemonsoonvariessubstantiallyandthatwithinthecyclesasignificantsubstructureexiststhatbecomesevidentastheintensityofthemonsoonrainswaxandwanethroughthewetseason.Paragraph3Paragraph4Short-termvariationsincludetheindividualweatherdisturbances（i.e.,aperiodofdisturbedweatherorstormslastingsomedays）thatoccurinrapidsuccessionduringtheso-calledactive-monsoonperiods.Aprolongedperiodofonetoseveralweeksmarkedbyanabsenceofweatherdisturbancesiscalledabreak-monsoon,ormorecorrectly,abreakintheactivemonsoon.Duringanactivephasetheweatherisunstablewithfrequentstormsthatproducetheraindelugestraditionallyassociatedwiththemonsoon.But,duringadormantorbreakphaseofthemonsoon,theweatherishot,clear,anddry.Monsoonbreaksaredroughtperiodand,ifprolonged,maycauseconsiderablehardshipandevenfamineinthemonsoonlands.InthecourseoftheSouthwestmonsoon,thereareperiodswhenthemonsoontroughshiftsnorthwardstothefootoftheHimalayas,andrainsdecreaseovermuchofIndiaexceptalongtheslopesoftheHimalayasandpartsofNortheastIndia,andtheSouthernpeninsula.Thissynopticsituationiscalledbreakinmonsoon.ThebreakaremostfrequentinJulyandAugust,andtheytypicallylastfromafewdaystothreeweeks.Meanpressuredeparture,03GMT,inmb,duringbreakinmonsoon.FromRao（1976）Fig.3.20Percentagerainfalld