挖掘机控制系统的PLC控制文档格式.docx

挖掘机控制系统的PLC控制文档格式.docx

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2008年7月

沈阳航空工业学院北方科技学院毕业设计,论文,

摘要

随着我国经济的高速发展，大规模土木工程建设越来越多，这就需要大量的土石方施工机械为其服务,而挖掘机作为土石方施工机械的一种,显得越来越重要。

本系统就是通过PLC实现挖掘机实物教学模型控制。

本文在介绍挖掘机的工作原理的基础上，采用PLC对下位机进行控制，包括硬件和软件的设计，实现了挖掘机的自动和手动控制，使挖掘机能够完成预先设计好的动作，提高工作效率，节约成本，把人从枯燥的工作中解放出来。

在此设计的基础上，本文采用了组态王6.52对挖掘机控制系统进行上位端设计，使操作人员对挖掘机进行远程监控，远离危险区域，避免在危险区域中施工造成不必要的人员伤亡。

最后本系统采取了相应的抗干扰措施，提高了系统的工作稳定性，使挖掘机达到了较为理想的控制效果。

关键词:

挖掘机;

组态王;

PLC

I

Abstract

Withtherapiddevelopmantofchinaeconomic,moreandmorelarge-scalecivilengineeringconstruction,requiresalargeamountofearthandstoneforconstructionmachinery.Andexcavatorsandconstructionmachineryasakindofearthisbecomingincreasinglyimportant.ThesystemistoachieveexcavatorkindofteachingmodelcontrolbyPLC.

Basedontheprincipleoftheworkonexcavators,onthebasisofaPLCwhichincludinghardwareandsoftwaredesignforthenextcrewtocontrol,theexcavatorachievestheautomaticandmanualcontrolsothattheexcavatorscompletepre-designedactionstoimproveEfficiency,andtocostsavings.Thehumanwillliberatedfromtheboringwork.Inthisdesignonthebasisofthispaper,theKingview6.52pairofexcavatorstop-controlsystemwasdesignedtoenableoperatorsofexcavatorstoremotmonitoring,tostayawayfromdangerousareas,andtoavoidthedangerousregionintheconstructionofunnecessarystaffCasualties.Finallythissystemtotakethecorrespondinganti-jammingmeasurestoimprovethestabilityofthesystemworksothattheexcavatorwillcontroltheeffectsmoreperfectlythanbefore.

Keywords:

excavator;

kingview;

II

1绪论...........................................................................................................................11.1课题的背景............................................................................................................1

1.1.1挖掘机的发展及应用......................................................................................1

1.1.2挖掘机的现状及动向......................................................................................1

1.1.3挖掘机的分类..................................................................................................2

1.1.4PLC的发展及应用...........................................................................................21.2课题的目的和意义.................................................................................................41.3课题研究的主要内容.............................................................................................42挖掘机控制系统的硬件设计.......................................................................................52.1系统的工作原理.....................................................................................................52.2硬件设计的理论基础.............................................................................................5

2.2.1PLC的工作原理...............................................................................................5

2.2.2直流电机的工作原理......................................................................................72.3PLC的选型.............................................................................................................82.4系统的资源分配......................................................................................................92.5系统的外部接线图...............................................................................................102.6硬件的抗干扰措施...............................................................................................103挖掘机控制系统的软件设计.....................................................................................123.1PLC编程语言的概述............................................................................................12

3.2挖掘机控制系统程序的设计................................................................................13

3.2.1自动控制的设计.............................................................................................13

3.2.2手动控制的设计............................................................................................22

3.3软件的抗干扰措施...........................................................................................244人机界面的设计........................................................................................................254.1组态软件的介绍...................................................................................................254.2挖掘机监控系统的创建过程................................................................................26

4.2.1挖掘机监控系统设备的连接.........................................................................26

III

4.2.2挖掘机监控系统数据变量的设计.................................................................27

4.2.3图形画面的制作及动画连接............................................................