完整word版英美文学选读考前总复习Word下载.docx

完整word版英美文学选读考前总复习Word下载.docx

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（2）Whatarethecharacteristicsofthefourtragediesincommon？

（3）Brieflysummarizeeachhero’sweaknessofnature。

1.Shakespeare'

sfourgreatesttragediesare：

Hamlet，Othello,Kinglear,andMacbeth.2。

Eachportrayssomenoblehero，whofacestheinjusticeofhumanlifeandiscaughtinadifficultsituationandwhosefateiscloselyconnectedwiththefateofthewholenation.3.Eachherohashisweaknessofnature;

theoldkingLearwhoisunwillingtototallygiveuphispower;

andMacbeth’slustforpowerstirsuphisambitionandleadshimtoincessantcrimes

三.trytodiscussWilliamShakespeare‘sartofcreations。

1。

Shakespeare’smajorcharactersareneithermerelyindividualonesnortypeones;

theyareindividualsrepresentingcertaintypes。

eachcharacterhashisorherownpersonalities；

meanwhile，theymaysharefeatureswithothers。

2.Byapplyingapsycho-analyticalapproach，Shakespearesucceedsinexploringthecharacters’innermind。

3。

Shakespeareseldominventshisownplots;

instead,heborrowsthemfromsomeoldplaysorstorybooks，orfromancientGreekandRomansources。

4。

Inhiswritings,disguiseisalsoanimportantdevicetocreatedramaticirony，usuallywithwomandisguisedasman。

5.Heoftenwroteskillfullyindifferentpoeticforms,likethesonnet,theblankverse,andtherhymedcouplet.

四。

BrieflydiscusswhyHamletissoimpressiveinShakespeare'

sHamlet.

TheheroHamletinShakespesareisplayHamletisnotedforhishesitiontotakehisrevenge，hismelancholynatureofactiononlytodenypossibilitiestodoanything。

2。

Hecametoknowthathisfatherwasmurderedbyhisunclewhobecameking.Hehatedhimsodeeplythathewantedtokillhim。

Buthelovedhiswidowedmotherwholatermarriedhisuncle.Thismadehimdeepintrouble.

3.Whenheplannedtokillhisuncle,hewasafraidtohurthismother。

Andalso,wheneverythingwasreadyforhimtokillhisuncle，heforgavehimforhisunclewasprayingtoGodforhiscrime。

Thushelostgoodchance.4。

Hamletrepresentedhumanismofhistime。

五。

WhyisJohnMiltonthegreatestwriterofhistime？

Inhislife，Miltonshowshimselfarealrevolutionary,amasterpoetandagreatprosewriter.HefoughtforfreedominallaspectsasaChristianhumanist,whilehisachievementsinliteraturemakehimtoweroveralltheotherEnglishwritersofhistimeandexertagreatinfluenceoverlaterones。

六Accordingtothesettingofthepoem“ParadiseLost,”discussthetheme，theauthor’sintensiontocreateitandtheimplicationthatthepoemexpresses.

1.Thethemeofthepoem“ParadiseLost”isthe"

FallofMan，”i.e。

mansdisobedienceandthelossofParadise,withitsprimecause———-Satan.2.Theathor'

sintentiontowritethispoemistoexposethewaysofSatanto”justifythewaysofGodtomen.”3。

Inthispoem,theauthorimplicitlyexpresseshisfundamentalconcernwithfreedomandchoiceandhisbeliefthattheunquestionabletruthofbiblicalrevelationmeansthatanall—knowingGodwasjustinallowingAdamandevetobetemptedandoftheirfreewilltochoosesinanditsinevitablepunishment。

一.DiscussCrusoe，theprotagonistofthenovel,asanembodimentoftherisingmiddle-classvirtuesinthemid—eighteenthcenturyEngland。

A.Socialbackground：

TheEighteenthCenturyEnglandwitnessedthegrowingimportanceofthebourgeoisormiddleclass.a。

TheIndustrialRevolution;

b.Theexpansionofinternationalmarkets;

c。

Valuesdifferentfromthoseofthefeudalaristocraticclass-courageous，fullofenergy，hardworking，practical，resourceful,selfreliant,etc.d.Literatureshouldgivearealisticpresentationofthelifeofthecommonpeople；

itshouldmeettheinterestofthemiddleclasspeople.B.RobinsonCrusoeembodiesthevirtuesofthemiddleclasspeople.a。

Crusoeasanadventurousmanfullofenergyandcourageb.Crusoeasapracticalmanc.Crusoeasaresourcefulmand。

Crusoeasapatientman。

一DiscusswhyRobinsonCrusebecamesosuccessfulwhenitwaspublished？

（DanielDefoe）

RobisonCrusoeissupposedlybasedontherealadventureofanAlexanderSelkirkwhooncestayedaloneontheuninhabitedislandforfiveyears.Actually,thestoryisanimagination.2。

InRobisonCrusoe,DefoetracesthegrowthofRobisonfromanaï

veandartlessyouthintoashrewdandhardenedman，temperedbynumeroustrialsinhiseventfullife.3.Inthenovel，Robisonisarealheroandheisanembodimentoftherisingmiddle—classvirtuesinthemid—eighteenthcenturyEngland。

4.RobisonCrusoeisanadventurestoryverymuchinthespiritofthetime。

Becauseoftheabovereasons，whenitwaspublished,peoplealllikedthatstor