届人教版必修1一轮复习Unit5单元学案设计Word下载.docx
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LongWalkToFreedom–AutobiographyofNelsonMandela
NelsonMandela’sautobiographyisaveryfascinatingbook.Itisthestoryofoneofthetrulygreatestmenofthe20thCentury.The768-pageaccountofMandela’slifefromhisowneyesissorivetingthatnofurthermotivationthanopeningthefirstpageisrequired.
Mandelatakesyouthroughhischildhood;
describingindetailstheeventsthatshapedhislife.HedescribesthelossofhisfatheratagenineandhissubsequentdislocationtolivewithrelativesattheRoyalhousehold.Thenyouaretakenthroughhisschoolingyears.Adetaileddescriptionofhiscircumcision
BooksrelatedtoLongWalktoFreedom
Poweredbyatagesixteenisgiven.
ItisinterestingthataninnocuousoccasionlikefleeinganarrangedmarriagedroveMandelatoJohannesburg.ItwasinJohannesburgthatheawakenedasapoliticalactivist.Herehemetallthekeyplayersinthestruggleagainstwhitedominationandbecamesodeeplyinvolvedinpoliticsthatitdestroyedhisfirstmarriage.
MandelawasreluctanttojointhearmedstrugglewhichwasagitatedforbymostofthemembersofANCYouthwing.OncehewaspersuadedtojointhestruggleMandelaappliedhimselfpassionatelytohisnewfoundvocation.ItisremarkablethathismeetingwithanotherstruggleiconWalterSisuluin1940striggeredafriendshipthatwouldlastsix-decadesthroughtrials,prisonandfreedom.
MandelamarriedWinnieMandelaamidtheturmoilofthestrugglearoundhim.Asaresulttheyoungcoupleneverenjoyednormalfamilylife.Mandelawasconstantlybeingharassedbyauthoritiesuntilheleftthecountrytojointhearmedstruggle.
OnreturnMandelawhohadbecomeonethemostwantedfugitivewasarrestedandchargedwithtreasoninthefamousRivoniaTreasonTrial.ItisherethatMandela’sfamouswordswereuttered:
“DuringmylifetimeIhavededicatedmyselftothisstruggleoftheAfricanpeople.Ihavefoughtagainstwhitedomination;
Ihavefoughtagainstblackdomination.Ihavecherishedtheideaofademocraticandfreesocietyinwhichallpersonsliveinharmonyandwithequalopportunities.ItisanidealwhichIhopetoliveforandtoachieve.Butifneedsbe,itisanidealforwhichIampreparedtodie”(pp.438)
Thisspeechutteredashisclosingargumentwastofiretheimaginationofparticipantsoftheanti-apartheidstrugglefor27years.
AftersentencingMandelawasincarceratedintheinfamousRobbenIslandPrison.For27yearsMandelawastoremaininPrisonuntilhisreleaseinFebruary1990.ThePrisonyearsmakefordepressingreading.ItisremarkablethatafterHesufferedsomuchdepravationMandelaremainsfreefrombitterness.
Whileinprisonherelateshowhehandledthenewsofthelossofhismotherandthenhisfirstbornsoninashortspaceoftime.Hewasnotevenallowedtoattendtheirfunerals.ItisapoignantmomentwherehedescribeshowWalterSisuluheldhishandandsatbyhisbedsilentlyashewasgrievingthelossofhisson.TheconstantharassmentofhiswifeWinnieandherimprisonmentwasaburdenheborealonewhileinprison.
Thenegotiationsforhisreleaseweretough.ItisthemarkoftheMandela’sgreatnessthathewouldnotcompromisetoearnhisfreedomearly.EventuallyagreementwasreachedandMandelawassettobereleasedon11February1990.Thisisactualtheclimaxofhislife,whenheemergesfromthePrisonwalkingwithhiswifeWinnie.
TherestofthebookquicklycoversnegotiationsforanewdemocraticorderinSouthAfrica.FinallyafterhispartytheAfricanNationalCongresswonthefirstdemocraticelectionsin1994andhewassworninasthefirstblackPresidentoftheRepublicofSouthAfricaon10May1994.
ItisamazingthatyoufindMandelaateverysignificantpointoftransitionchoosingthedifficultpath.Assomeoneconnectedtoroyaltyhecouldhavequietlymarriedandstayedinhisvillagewherehewouldhavelivedacomfortablelife.InsteadherefusedanarrangedmarriageandranofftoJohannesburg.InJohannesburgasoneofthefeweducatedAfricanshecouldhavelivedacomfortableworkinglifeasanattorney.Buthechosetotakeonthestruggleofthemasses.AftertheRivoniatrialandhissentencetolifeimprisonmenthewas,onseveraloccasion,offeredfreedomattheexpenseofrenouncingthearmedstruggle;
herefused.Itwastoohighapriceforhisownfreedom;
ratherhepreferredfreedomforeveryone.
TheclosingwordsofthebooksumupMandela’sownlife.Onecannotbutadmiretheman’stenacityinadversity.AttheendonecertainlyagreesithasindeedbeenaLongWalktoFreedom.
“Ihavewalkedthatlongroadtofreedom.Ihavetriednottofalter;
Ihavemademisstepsalongtheway.ButIhavediscoveredthesecretthatafterclimbingagreathill,oneonlyfindsthattherearemanymo