0312年二级笔译真题《笔译实务》CATTIWord格式文档下载.docx
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2003年12月英语二级笔译实务试题
Section1:
English–ChineseTranslation(英译汉)
Thissectionconsistsoftwoparts,PartA—“CompulsoryTranslation”andPartB—“ChoiceofTwoTranslations”consistingoftwosections“TopicI”and“Topic2”.ForthepassageinPartAandyourchoiceofpassageinPartB,translatetheunderlinedportions,includingtitles,intoChinese.AboveyourtranslationofPartA,write“CompulsoryTranslation”andaboveyourtranslationfromPartB,write“TopicI”or“Topic2”(60points,100minutes)
PartACompulsoryTranslation(必译题)(30points)
NowheretoGo
ForthelatestonthepursuitoftheAmericanDreaminSiliconValley,allyouhavetodoistotalktosomeonelike“Nagaraj”(whodidn’twanttorevealhisrealname).He’sanIndianimmigrantwho,likemanyotherIndianengineers,cametoAmericarecentlyonanH-1Bvisa,whichallowsskilledworkerstobeemployedbyonecompanyforasmanyassixyears.Butonemorninglastmonth,NagarajandahalfdozenotherIndianworkerswithH-1BswerecalledintoaconferenceroomintheirSanFranciscotechnology-consultingfirmandtoldtheywerebeinglaidoff.Thereason:
weakeningeconomicconditionsinSiliconValley,“Itwastheshockofmylifetime,”saysNagaraj.
Thisisnotanormalbear-marketsobstory.Accordingtofederalregulation,Nagarajandhiscolleagueshavetwochoices.TheymusteitherreturntoIndia,orfindanotherjobinatightlabormarketandhopethattheImmigrationandNaturalizationServices(INS)allowthemtotransfertheirvisatothenewcompany.Andthelawdoesn’tallowthemtoearnapay-checkuntilallthepaperworkwindsitswaythroughtheINSbureaucracy.“HowamIgoingtosurvivewithoutanyjobandwithoutanyincome?
”Nagarajwonders.
Untilrecently,H-1BvisaswerechampionedbySiliconValleycompaniesasthesolutiontotheregion’sshortageofprogrammersandengineers.FirstissuedbytheINSin1992,theyattractskilledworkersfromothercountries,manyofwhombringfamilieswiththem,laydownrootsandapplyforthemorepermanentgreencards.ThroughFebruary2000,morethan81,000workerheldsuchvisas—butwiththedot-comcrash,manyhavebeengettinglaidoff.That’scausingmassconsternationinU.S.immigrantcommunities.TheINSconsidersaworker“outofstatus”whenhelosesajob,whichtechnicallymeansthathemustpackupandgohome.Butbecauseofthescopeofthisyear’slayoffs,theU.S.governmenthasrecentlybackpedaled,issuingaconfusingseriesofstatementsthatsuggestworkersmightbeabletostayiftheyqualifyforsomeexceptionsandcanfindanewcompanytosponsortheirvisa.Buteventhoseloopholesremainnebulous.TheresultisthousandsofimmigrantsnowfacedimmingcareerprospectsinAmerica,andthepossibilitiesthattheywillbesenthome.“Theyareinlimbo.Itisthegreatestformoftorture,”saysAmarVedaoftheSiliconValley-basedImmigrantsSupportNetwork.
ThecrisislooksespeciallybadinlightofalltheheatedvisarhetoricbySiliconValleycompaniesinthepastfewyears.LastfalltheindustrywonabigvictorybygettingCongresstoapproveanincreaseintheannualnumberofH-1Bvisas.Now,withtechnologyfirmsretrenching,demandforsuchworkersisslowing.ValleyheavyweightslikeIntel,CiscoandHewlett-Packardhaveallannouncedthousandsoflayoffsthisyear,whichincludemanyH-1Bworkers.TheINSreportedlastmonththatonly16,000newH-1BworkerscametotheUnitedStatesinFebruary—downfrom32,000inFebruaryoflastyear.
Lastmonth,acknowledgingthescopeoftheproblem,theINStoldH-1Bholders“nottopanic,”andthattherewouldbeagraceperiodforlaid-offworkersbeforetheyhadtoleavetheUnitedStates.INSspokeswomenEyleenSchmidtpromisesthatmorespecificguidancewillcomethismonth.“Weareawareofthecutbacks,”shesays.“We’retryingtobeasgenerousaswecanbewithintheconfinesoftheexistinglaw.”
PartBChoiceofTwoTranslations(二选一题)(30points)
Topic1(选题一)
WhatIstheForceofGravity?
Ifyouthrowaballup,itwillcomedownagain.Whatmakesitcomedown?
TheballcomesdownbecauseitispulledorattractedtowardstheEarth.TheEarthexertsaforceofattractiononallobjects.ObjectsthatarenearertotheEarthareattractedtoitwithagreaterforcethanthosethatarefurtheraway.Thisforceofattractionisknownastheforceofgravity.ThegravitationalforceactingonanobjectattheEarth’ssurfaceiscalledtheweightoftheobject.
Alltheheavenlybodiesinspacelikethemoon,theplanetsandthestarsalsoexertanattractiveforceonobjects.Thebiggerandheavierabodyis,thegreaterisitsforceofgravity.Thus,sincethemoonisasmallerbodythanEarth,theforceitexertsonanobjectatitssurfaceislessthanthatexertedbytheEarthonthesameobjectont