新人教版八年级英语下册第一单元知识点.doc
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Unit1What’sthematter?
一．询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到什么麻烦时，常用以下句型：
1.What’sthematter（withsb）?
2.What’sthetrouble/problem（withsb）?
3.What’swrong（withsb）?
你怎么了？
4.What’sone’strouble/problem？
5.What’sup?
6.Whathappenedtosb?
7.AreyouOK?
8.Isthereanythingwrongwithsb?
二．表达身体不适或疼痛时，常用以下结构：
1.Sb+have/has+a/an+疾病名称：
haveacold/fever/cough/temperature
2.Sb+have/hasasore+身体部位：
haveasorethroat/back
3.Sb+have/has+a+身体部位—achehaveatoothache/headache/stomachache/earache/backache
4.Sb+hurt（s）+身体部位/oneself;Hehurthisleg.或身体部位+hurts;Myheadhurtsbadly.
5.Thereissomethingwrongwithone’s+身体部位。
6.Sb+have/hasapaininone’s+身体部位
三．情态动词should/should’t的用法：
意为’应该，应当’后接动词原形，无人称和数的变化。
通常表示提出意见或建议，或义务和责任，还可表示命令责备或要求等语气;
1.Youshouldliedownandrest.2.Youshould’teatsomuchnexttime.3.WhatshouldIdo?
4.ShouldIputsomemedicineonit？
----Yes,youshould./No,youshould’t.
SectionA
1.soreadj.疼痛的可作定语或表语Shehasasorethroat/back.Mylegisverysore.
2.backn.后面，背面Hesatatthebackoftheclassroom.adv.回（原处）comeback
3.lie躺，卧---lay.lain.lyingliedown躺下撒谎---lied.lied.lyingYouarelyingtome.
n.谎言假话tellalie/lieslay.---laid.laid.laying产卵下蛋放置
4.rest休息v./n.Youshouldrestforafewdays.getsomerest=have（take）arest/abreak/breaks休息一下
5.toone‘ssurprise使某人惊讶的是常作插入语，位于句首Tohissurprise,shefailedtheexam.
insurprise吃惊地surprising----物Whatsurprisingnews!
Surprised----人besurprisedtodo/besurprisedatsth/besurprisedthat…
6.muchtoo+形容词，太......，toomany+可数名词复数，太多……
toomuch+不可数名词，太多…也可做副词talktoomuch
7.enough形容、副词,足够的/地，
（1）enough+名词;enoughwater
（2）形副+enough;goodenough
8.soundlike+名词代词和从句：
听起来像Itsoundslikeyoudon’tknowthetruth..Itsoundslikeagoodidea.
Sound（look/feel/taste/smell）+形容词听起来...eg.Themusicsoundsnice.
9.need
（1）.需要，实义动词人作主语need+sth，需要某物；need（sb）todosth.需要做某事，
（2）.物作主语；sthneedsdoing/tobedone;Theroomneedscleaning/tobecleaned.
（3）情态动词,多用于否定句或疑问句NeedIstayhere?
---Yes,youmust./No,youneed’t.
10.agree同意，赞同---disagree（反义词）agreewithsb.同意某人agreetodo.同意做某事
11.rightaway=rightnow=atonce，意为马上。
12.advice（不可数）建议,意见apieceofadvice一条建议givesb.adviceonsth./takeone’sadvice
advise[动词]advisesb.todosth.建议某人做某事advisedoingsth.建议做某事
13.hurt及物动词，使……疼痛，……受伤，Hehurthisleg.Hehurtherfeelings.
不及物动词，……（部位）疼。
Hisleghurtbadly.
14.hit---hit（过去式）（用手或器具）打；击打Theboyhitthedogwithastone.
hitsb.onthehead/nose/back打某人的头、鼻子、后背，on用在所打较硬的部位；
hitsb.intheface/eye/stomach打某人的脸、眼睛、肚子，in用在所打较软的部位。
当名词用时；gethitonthehead头部受到撞击
15.seesbdoingsth看见某人正在做某事Isawaboyplayingfootballnearmyhome.
Seesbdosth看见某人做某事（强调全过程）Wesawhimcrosstheroad.
16.shouttosb向某人喊话shoutatsb冲某人叫喊（贬义）shoutforhelp大声呼救
17.expectsbtodosth期待某人去做某事。
18.thinkabout（+doing）考虑thinkof想起，认为thinkover仔细考虑thinkup想出
19.falldown（+from）摔倒，跌倒fallbehind落后，跟不上fallinto落入…fallasleep入睡
Fallinlovewith爱上…falloff…从……跌落下来
20.反身代词myself./yourself/himself/herself/itself/ourselves/yourselves/themselves
作同位语；Didyoumakethecakeyourself?
做表语I’mnotmyselftoday.
enjoyoneselfhelponeselfto…byoneselfhurt/cutoneselfteachoneself=learnsthbyoneself
21.trouble（不可数）；苦恼，问题beintrouble处于困境getintotrouble陷入困境maketrouble制造麻烦
havetrouble/difficulties/problems（in）doingsth做......有麻烦做某事有困难
22.put……onsth在某物上放……putsomemedicineonthecut（伤口）putabandageonit在它上面放绷带
23.inthesameway以同样的方式onthewayto在去……的路上intheway挡路
outoftheway不再碍事bytheway顺便说一下inthisway用这种方法inaway在某种程度上
24.getanX-ray拍X光片takeone’stemperature量体温hotteawithhoney加蜂蜜的热茶
seeadentist看牙医gotoadoctor=gotoseeadoctor=gotothedoctor’s看医生
getoff下车---geton上车allweekend整个周末awayfrom远离
fortoolong太长时间onthesideoftheroad在马路边withoutthinkingtwice没多想
getsunburned被晒伤haveaheartproblem有心脏病feelveryhot感到很热
thanksto多亏,由于（=becauseof=withthehelpof）haveanosebleed流鼻血
cuthisknee割伤他的膝盖putherheadback把她的头向后仰savealife挽救生命
intime及时ontime准时dotherightthing做正确的事gomountainclimbing去爬山SectionB
1.sickadj.①生病的，有病的。
作表语和定语。
ill只能作表语be/feelsick=beill②恶心
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