最新高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解学生选练12Word格式.docx
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阅读下列四篇短文,从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
Psychologistshavediscoveredthateventhemostindependent-mindedofuswillconformtosocialpressurewhenwearewithagroupofpeople.Inoneclassicexperiment,peoplewereshownavertical(垂直的)lineandaskedtofindalineofidenticallengthfromaselectionofthree.
Youmightthinkthatthisisanabsurdlyeasytask,andwhenpeopleperformitbythemselvestheydoitverywell.However,psychologistshavediscoveredthatweareveryeasilyswayedbytheopinionsofotherpeoplewhenwedothistaskinagroup.Inonestudy,agroupofthreepeoplewassetup,wheretwoofthepeoplewereconfederates(同伙)oftheexperimenter.Whentheconfederatesdeliberatelygavewronganswers,peoplewereoftenswayedtogivethewrongansweralso.Infact,75%ofpeoplegaveatleastonewronganswer,withsomepeopleconformingtopeerpressureoneveryoccasion.
Butwhydopeopleconforminthisway?
Inaneasytasklikethis,itseemsthatpeopledonotwanttostepoutoflinewiththeprevailingopinionofthegroup.Onmoredifficulttasks,peoplealsoconformbecausetheyloseconfidenceintheirownabilitytomakedecisionsandprefertotrustthemajorityopinioninstead.
Atypicalexampleofthiskindofconformityariseswhenwecomeacrosspeopleindistress.Wouldyouhelpawomanwhohasbeenattackedinthestreet?
Itturnsoutthatyouaremuchmorelikelytogotoherassistanceifyouarealone.Whenotherpeoplearealsoaround,adiffusionofresponsibilityoccurs.Peopleareparalysedintoinaction,becauseeveryoneassumesthatsomeoneelsewillgotothewoman'
sassistance.
1.InParagraph1,theunderlinedword“conform”probablymeans“ ”.
A.seekindependence B.disobeyorders
C.followwhatothersdo D.seekpleasure
2.WhatisthepurposeoftheexperimentdescribedinParagraph2?
A.Toexplainwhypeoplewouldbeinfluencedbytheopinionsofothers.
B.Toprovethatpeopleareeasilyinfluencedbytheopinionsofothers.
C.Totraintheconfederatesoftheexperimenterasindependent-minded.
D.Todescribehowpeoplewouldbeinfluencedbytheopinionsofothers.
3.Inthelastparagraph,accordingtotheauthor,whywouldn’tonehelpthewoman?
A.Hethinkshehasnoresponsibilitiestogiveahand.
B.Hethinkshehasnothingtodowithit.
C.Heistooshytogivehishelpinghand.
D.Hethinkssomeoneelsewillofferassistance.
4.Whatmethoddoestheauthormainlyusetodevelopthetext?
A.Givingexamples. B.Cause-effectanalysis.
C.Comparativeanalysis. D.Processanalysis.
【参考答案】1---4、CBDA
A
SinceIstartedworkingpart-timeatagrocerystore,Ihavelearnedthatacustomerismorethansomeonewhobuysthings.Tome,acustomerisapersonwhosememoryfailsentirelyonceheorshestartstopushashoppingcart(车).Oneofthefirstthingscustomersforgetishowtocount.Thereisnootherwaytoexplainhowsomanypeoplegetintheirexpressline,whichisclearlymarked15items(件)orless,with20,25orevenacartloadofitems.
Customersalsoforgetwhytheycametothestoreinthefirstplace.JustasIfinishringingupanorder,acustomerwillsay,“Oops,Iforgottopickupafreshloafofbread.Ihopeyoudon’tmindwaiting,whileIgotogetit.”Fiveminuteslater,he’sbackwiththebread,abottleofmilk,andthreerollsofpapertowels.Whatisstrangeristhatcustomersalsoseemtoforgetthattheyhavetopayfortheirgroceries.InsteadofwritingacheckorlookingforacreditcardwhileIamringingupthegroceries,acustomerwillwaituntilIannouncethetotal.Then,insurprise,shesays,“Ohno,whatdidIdowithmycheckbook?
”After5minutesofdiggingthroughherpurse,sheborrowsmypenbecauseshehasforgottenhers.ButIhavetotoleratecustomersbecausetheypaymysalary,andthat’ssomethingIcan’taffordtoforget.
21.Whatdoestheauthorsayabouthiscustomers?
A.Theycannotcountnumbers.
B.Theysometimesjumpthequeue.
C.Theydon’tknowhowtoexpressthemselves.
D.Theybehaveasiftheirmemorieshadtotallyfailed.
22.Accordingtothetext,whoaresupposedtobeintheexpressline?
ACustomerswithnothingpurchased.
B.Customerswithnotmorethan15items.
C.Customerswithitemsbetween15and25
23.Whencustomersarriveatthecheck-outcounter,they_______
A.findtheirpenslost
B.gobackandgetmoreitems
C.cannotwaittopayfortheirgroceries.
D.preferpayingbychecktopayingwithacreditcard.
24.Wecaninferfromthetextthat________
A.businessinthegrocerystorerunswell
B.theauthorfindshispresentjobfulloffun
C.theauthor’spart-timejobcallsforpatience
D.customersgotogrocerystoreswithoutplanning.
21~24DBBC
B
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