克莱顿法Word文件下载.docx
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15U.S.C.§
12:
Definitions;
shorttitleAntitrustlaws,asusedherein,includestheActentitled"
AnActtoprotecttradeandcommerceagainstunlawfulrestraintsandmonopolies,"
approvedJulysecond,eighteenhundredandninety;
sectionsseventy-threetoseventy-seven,inclusive,ofanActentitled"
AnActtoreducetaxation,toproviderevenuefortheGovernment,andforotherpurposes,"
ofAugusttwenty-seventh,eighteenhundredandninety-four;
anActentitled"
AnActtoamendsectionsseventy-threeandseventy-sixoftheActofAugusttwenty-seventh,eighteenhundredandninety-four,entitledAnActtoreducetaxation,toproviderevenuefortheGovernment,andforotherpurposes,"
approvedFebruarytwelfth,nineteenhundredandthirteen;
andalsothisAct.
第一条(a)这里所用的“反托拉斯法”是指:
①1890年7月2日通过的《保护贸易和商业免于非法限制和垄断法》;
②1894年8月27日通过的《为了政府收入和其它目的、减少税收法》第73至77条;
③《1894年8月27日法第73和76条的修正案》,即1913年2月12日通过的《为了国家收入和其它目的、减少税收法》;
④本法。
"
Commerce,"
asusedherein,meanstradeorcommerceamongtheseveralStatesandwithforeignnations,orbetweentheDistrictofColumbiaoranyTerritoryoftheUnitedStatesandanyState,Territory,orforeignnation,orbetweenanyinsularpossessionsorotherplacesunderthejurisdictionoftheUnitedStates,orbetweenanysuchpossessionorplaceandanyStateorTerritoryoftheUnitedStatesortheDistrictofColumbiaoranyforeignnation,orwithintheDistrictofColumbiaoranyTerritoryoranyinsularpossessionorotherplaceunderthejurisdictionoftheUnitedStates:
Provided,ThatnothinginthisActcontainedshallapplytothePhilippineIslands.
这里的“商业”是指州际间或与外国的商业和贸易,或哥伦比亚区、美国准州同其它州、准州、外国的商业和贸易,或美国司法管辖权下的属地之间或其它地方之间的商业和贸易,或哥伦比亚区内、准州内、美国司法管辖权下的任何属地及其它地区内的商业和贸易。
本法不适用于菲律宾群岛。
Theword"
person"
or"
persons"
whereverusedinthisActshallbedeemedtoincludecorporationsandassociationsexistingunderorauthorizedbythelawsofeithertheUnitedStates,thelawsofanyoftheTerritories,thelawsofanyState,orthelawsofanyforeigncountry.
(b)ThisActmaybecitedasthe"
ClaytonAct"
.
这里的“人”包括依据美国联邦法律、州法、准州法或外国法成立的或经上述法律授权的现存公司和组织。
(b)本法名为《克莱顿法》。
13:
Discriminationinprice,services,orfacilities
(a)Price;
selectionofcustomers
Itshallbeunlawfulforanypersonengagedincommerce,inthecourseofsuchcommerce,eitherdirectlyorindirectly,todiscriminateinpricebetweendifferentpurchasersofcommoditiesoflikegradeandquality,whereeitheroranyofthepurchasesinvolvedinsuchdiscriminationareincommerce,wheresuchcommoditiesaresoldforuse,consumption,orresalewithintheUnitedStatesoranyTerritorythereofortheDistrictofColumbiaoranyinsularpossessionorotherplaceunderthejurisdictionoftheUnitedStates,andwheretheeffectofsuchdiscriminationmaybesubstantiallytolessencompetitionortendtocreateamonopolyinanylineofcommerce,ortoinjure,destroy,orpreventcompetitionwithanypersonwhoeithergrantsorknowinglyreceivesthebenefitofsuchdiscrimination,orwithcustomersofeitherofthem:
Provided,Thatnothinghereincontainedshallpreventdifferentialswhichmakeonlydueallowancefordifferencesinthecostofmanufacture,sale,ordeliveryresultingfromthedifferingmethodsorquantitiesinwhichsuchcommoditiesaretosuchpurchaserssoldordelivered:
Provided,however,ThattheFederalTradeCommissionmay,afterdueinvestigationandhearingtoallinterestedparties,fixandestablishquantitylimits,andrevisethesameasitfindsnecessary,astoparticularcommoditiesorclassesofcommodities,whereitfindsthatavailablepurchasersingreaterquantitiesaresofewastorenderdifferentialsonaccountthereofunjustlydiscriminatoryorpromotiveofmonopolyinanylineofcommerce;
andtheforegoingshallthennotbeconstruedtopermitdifferentialsbasedondifferencesinquantitiesgreaterthanthosesofixedandestablished:
Andprovidedfurther,Thatnothinghereincontainedshallpreventpersonsengagedinsellinggoods,wares,ormerchandiseincommercefromselectingtheirowncustomersinbonafidetransactionsandnotinrestraintoftrade:
Andprovidedfurther,Thatnothinghereincontainedshallpreventpricechangesfromtimetotimewhereinresponsetochangingconditionsaffectingthemarketfororthemarketabilityofthegoodsconcerned,suchasbutnotlimitedtoactualorimminentdeteriorationofperishablegoods,obsolescenceofseasonalgoods,distresssalesundercourtprocess,orsalesingoodfaithindiscontinuanceofbusinessinthegoodsconcerned.
第二条(a)从事商业的人在其商业过程中,直接或间接地对同一等级和质量商品的买者实行价格歧视,如果价格歧视的结果实质上减少竞争或旨在形成对商业的垄断,或妨害、破坏、阻止同那些准许或故意接受该歧视利益的人之间的竞争,或者是同他们的顾客之间的竞争,是非法的。
这里歧视所涉及的购买是在商业过程中,商品是为了在美国内、准州内、哥伦比亚区内、或美国司法管辖权下的属地及其它地域内的使用、消费和销售。
本规定不适用于那些因制造、销售、运输成本不同所做的合理补贴。
联邦贸易委员会认为某商品或各类商品中,大量购买者是如此少,以至于根据购买数量提出价格差异是歧视性的或旨在促成商业垄断