初中英语宾语从句讲解练习及答案.doc
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初中英语语法宾语从句讲解,专项练习及答案
宾语从句小口诀:
宾语从句三注意,时态语序引导词;
主句一般现在时,从句不需受限制;
主句一般过去时,从句须用相应时;
陈述句转化that引,一般疑问句用if/whether,
特殊问句疑问词,引导词后陈述式。
一、基本讲解
1 概念:
在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句,宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语,也可做介词的宾语。
eg,Hesaidhewasgoodatdrawing.(做动词宾语)
译:
____________________________________
HeaskshimhowlongMikehasbeendown.(做动词宾语)
译:
____________________________________
MissZhangisangryatwhatyousaid.(做介词宾语)
译:
____________________________________
2.连接词和语序
(1).陈述句转化成宾语从句时,引导词用that,口语中常常省略。
e.g,Shetoldme(that)shewouldliketogowithus.
译:
____________________________________
(2)以whether或if引导的宾语从句,主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句,从句同样是陈述语序
eg,Iwonderif/whetheryouhavetoldthenewstoLiLei.
注意:
一般情况下,whether和if可以互用,但有些情况例外。
a.当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether不用if
eg,Wearetalkingaboutwhetherwe'llgoonthepinic.
b.引导词与动词不定式或not连用时,只用whether.
eg,Pleaseletmeknowwhattodonext.
Couldyoutellmewhetheryougoornot?
c.if当如果讲时,引导的是条件状语从句,这时不能用whether.
(3).特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时,引导词用特殊疑问词;引导词后要用陈述句语序。
E.g.Couldyoutellmewhat'sthematter\wrongwithyou?
特殊情况:
:
当doyouthink后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时,句式结构应为特殊疑问词+doyouthink+陈述句语序。
3.宾语从句时态
a.当主句是一般现在时,一般将来时或祈使句时,从句不受主句的限制,根据自身的需要选用相应的时态。
例如:
Doyouknow(if/whetherhehasseenthefilm)?
译:
_______________________________
b.当主句是一般过去时,从句要用过去时的相应时态。
例如:
Ididn'tknow(if/whetherhehadseenthefilm.)
译:
_______________________________
注意:
当主句是一般过去时,而从句表示的是客观真理,自然现象,科学原理,格言等,从句仍然要用一般现在时。
例如:
Hesaid(thattheearthmovesroundthesun.)
译:
_______________________________
Theteachertoldus(thatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.)
译:
_______________________________
4.、人称的变化和标点的使用
a.从句应转化为相应的人称
“MayIuseyourknife?
”Heaskedme.
→Heaskedmeifhemightusemyknife.
“Doyouknowhertelephonenumber?
”Heaskedme.
→HeaskedmeifIknowhertelephonenumber.
b.宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。
主句是陈述句,用句号;主句是疑问句,用问号。
如:
Whowillgiveusatalk?
Idon’tknow.
→Idon’tknowwhowillgiveusatalk.
Doyouknow?
Wheredoeshelive?
→Doyouknowwherehelives?
二、宾语从句的转化
1.当主句谓语动词是hope,wish,decide,forget,plan,agree等,且主句主语与从句主语相同时,从句可简化为不定式结构。
如:
Sheagreedthatshecouldhelpmewithmymaths.
→Sheagreedtohelpmewithmymaths.
2.当主句的谓语动词是know,learn,forget,remember,decide等从句可以简化成“疑问词+不定式结构”。
例如:
Idon'tknowwhichsweaterIshouldbuy
.→Idon'tknowwhichsweatertobuy.
3.当主句的谓语动词是ask,tell,show,teach等后面带双宾语时,从句可以转化成“疑问词+不定式结构”,如:
→Couldyoutellmehowtogettothepark?
4.当主句谓语动词是find,see,watch,hear等感官动词时,从句常简化为“宾语+宾补”结构,宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。
如:
Shefoundthatthewalletlay/waslyingontheground.
→Shefoundthewalletlie/lyingontheground.
点击中考
1.Someofmyfriendsareinterestinginscience,butnoneofthemcantell_______..
A.whenUFOswillappearnexttime
B.whydohorsesknowtheway
C.wherewasthiskindofplantfound
D.howdoelephantscommunicate
2.---WhattimewillMr.BrownbebacktoChina?
----Sorry.Idon’tknow_______..
A.whendidhegoabroadB.whyheisgoingabroad
C.howsoonwillhebebackD.howlonghewillstayabroad
3.---MayIcomein?
I’msorryIamlate.
----Comein,please.Butcouldyoupleasetellme_______.?
A.whyyouarelateagainB.whatwereyoudoingthen
C.whoyoutalkedwithD.howdoyoucometoschool
4.---Couldyoupleasetellme_______.?
----BusNo.32willtakeyourightthere.
A.whereisHenanMuseumB.whatHenanMuseumislike
C.howcanIgettoHenanMuseum
D.whichbusIshalltaketoHenanMuseum
5.PetersaysthattheWhitesareonholiday,butnooneknows_______..
A.wheretheyhavebeenB.wherearethey
C.wherearetheyfromD.wheretheyhavegone
6.---Doyouknow_______.theCapitalMuseum?
---NextFriday.
A.whenwilltheyvisitB.whentheywillvisit
C.whendidtheyvisitD.whentheyvisited
7.Hewantedtoknow_______.theEnglishparty.
A.whenwillwehaveB.whenwewillhave
C.whenwouldwehaveD.whenwewouldhave
8.Iwanttoknow_______..
A.whenweshouldarriveattheairport
B.whenshouldwearriveattheairport
C.whentheairportweshouldarriveat
D.whentheairportshouldwearriveat
9.---David,lookatthemaninwhiteoverthere.Canyoutellme_______.?
----Heisadoctor.
A.whoisheB.whoheisC.whatisheD.whatheis
10.---Couldyoutellme_______.?
Heiswantedbytheheadteacher.
---Sorry,I’venoidea.Buthe_______herejustnow.
A.whereTim;wasB.whereisTim;was
C.whereTimis;wasD.whereTimis;is
11.---DidMrs.Kingleaveamessage?
---Yes.Shewantedtoknow_______thisSunday.
A.whoyouwouldgoshoppingB.ifyouwouldgosh