常见的及物动词和不及物动词区别Word下载.doc
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他什么时候到?
(arrive不带宾语,为不及物动词)
HereachedBeijingyesterday.他昨天到达北京。
(reach带了宾语,为及物动词)
动词及物与不及物通常有以下几种情况:
a.主要用作及物动词。
及物动词后面必须跟宾语。
可用于:
"
主+谓+宾"
;
主+谓+双宾"
主+谓+宾+宾补"
结构。
HereachedParisthedaybeforeyesterday.
Theyaskedmetogofishingwiththem.
1)及物动词+宾语例:
Ilovemyhome.我爱我家。
HeboughtanEnglishdictionary.
他买了一本英语词典。
2)及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语例:
Shetaughtusmaths.她教我们数学。
Mymothergavemeanewpen.
母亲给了我一支新钢笔。
提示:
常用的能接双宾语的及物动词有:
give,teach,buy,lend,find,hand,leave,sell,show,read,pay,make,offer,build,pass,bring,cook,catch,invent,found,like,observe,offer,prevent,promise,raise,find,forget,receive,regard,see,say,seat,supply,select,suppose,show,make,take,tell....
b主要用作不及物的动词。
不及物动词后面不跟宾语。
只能用与:
主+谓"
不及物动词不需要跟宾语,本身意义完整。
例:
Shecamelastweek.她上周来的。
Itisraininghard.
正下着大雨。
Classbeganathalfpastseven.
7点半开始上课。
Whathappenedyesterday?
昨天发生了什么事?
Thisistheroomwhereioncelived.
类似的还有:
agree,go,work,listen,look,come,die,belong,fall,exist,rise,arrive,sit,sail,hurry,fail,succeed
appear
get
feel,keep
make
prove
remain
restrise
seem
stand
stay
turn
turnout,wait,cry,smile,laugh,stop,
rain,snow
c.既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的动词,其意义不变。
如begin都是作"
开始"
讲。
Everybody,ourgamebegins.letusbeginourgame.
Shecandanceandsing.她能唱歌又能跳舞。
(sing在此用作不及物动词。
)
ShecansingmanyEnglishsongs.她能唱好多首英文歌曲。
(sing用作及物动词。
)
Thechildisplaying.这小孩在玩。
(不及物用法)
Thechildisplayingthepiano.这小孩在弹钢琴。
(及物用法)
Heiswriting.
他在写字。
Heiswritingaletter.
他在写信。
Theboyisreading.这男孩在阅读。
Theboyisreadingamagazine.这男孩在看杂志。
(及物用法)
类似的有:
start,answer,sing,close,consider,insist,read,learn,prepare,pay,hurt,improve....
d.既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的动词,其意义完全不同。
这类动词作不及物动词是一个意义;
而作及物动词时却是另一个意义。
如lift作不及物动词时是指烟雾的"
消散"
。
Wesawthemountainwhenthecloudslifted.
lift作及物动词时是"
升高;
举起"
Heliftedhisglassanddrank.
beatvi.跳动vt.敲、打;
growvi.生长vt.种植
playvi.玩耍
vt.打(牌、球),演奏
smellvi.发出(气味)vt.嗅
ringvi.(电话、铃)响vt.打电话
speakvi.讲话vt.说(语言)
hangvi.悬挂vt.绞死
operatevi.动手术vt.操作
20个常见的不及物动词短语
1.breakdown(stopfunctioning坏了,不好使了)
Thatoldjeephadatendencytobreakdownjustwhenineededitthemost.
2.catchon(becomepopular出名)
PopularsongsseemtocatchoninCaliforniafirstandthenspreadeastward.
3.comeback(returntoaplace返回)
Fatherpromisedthatwewouldnevercomebacktothishorribleplace.
4.comein(enter进入)
Theytriedtocomeinthroughthebackdoor,butitwaslocked.eto(regainconsciousness恢复意识)
Hewashitontheheadveryhard,butafterseveralminutes,hestartedtocometoagain.
eover(tovisit访问)
Thechildrenpromisedtocomeover,buttheyneverdo.
7.dropby(visitwithoutappointment顺便拜访)weusedtojustdropby,buttheywereneverhome,sowestoppeddoingthat.
8.eatout(dineinarestaurant外出吃饭)
WhenwevisitedParis,welovedeatingoutinthesidewalkcafes.
9.getby(survive凑合,过得去)
UncleHeinedidn'
thavemuchmoney,buthealwaysseemedtogetbywithoutborrowingmoneyfromrelatives.
10.getup(arise起床)
Grandmothertriedtogetup,butthecouchwastoolow,andshecouldn'
tmakeitonherown.
11.goback(returntoaplace回到)
It'
shardtoimaginethatwewillnevergobacktoourhomeland.
12.goon(continue继续)
Hewouldfinishonedickensnovelandthenjustgoontothenext.
13.goon
(2)
(happen发生)
Thecopsheardallthenoiseandstoppedtoseewhatwasgoingon.
14.growup(getolder变老)
Charlesgrewuptobealotlikehisfather.
15.keepaway(remainatadistance保持距离)
Thejudgewarnedthestalkertokeepawayfromhisvictim'
shome.
16.keepon(+动名称)(continuewiththesame继续保持)
Hetriedtokeeponsinginglongafterhisvoicewasruined.
17.passout(loseconsciousness,faint昏过去,晕)
Hehaddrunktoomuch;
hepassedoutonthesidewalkoutsidethebar.
18.showoff(demonstratehaughtily炫耀)
Wheneverhesatdownatthepiano,weknewhewasgoingtoshowoff.
19.showup(arrive到达,出现)
Itwasteno'
clockwhenhefinallyshowedup.
20.wakeup(arousefromsleep醒来)
Iwokeupwhentheroostercrowed.
21.take
place发生
In1919,themay4thmovementtookplaceinchina.
e
out出版,出来,
Istheneweditionofthebookcomingout?
true实现
Yourwishwillonedaycome