胡壮麟《语言学教程》测试题及答案Word格式.doc

胡壮麟《语言学教程》测试题及答案Word格式.doc

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D.community

2. 

Whichofthefollowingwordsisentirelyarbitrary?

A.tree 

B.typewriter 

C.crash 

D.bang

3. 

Thefunctionofthesentence“Waterboilsat100degreesCentigrade.”is__________.

A.interrogative 

B.directive 

C.informative 

D.performative

4. 

InChinesewhensomeonebreaksabowloraplatethehostorthepeoplepresentarelikelytosay“碎碎（岁岁）平安”asameansofcontrollingtheforceswhichtheybelievesfeelmightaffecttheirlives.Whichfunctionsdoesitperform?

A.Interpersonal 

B.Emotive 

C.Performative 

D.Recreational

5. 

Whichofthefollowingpropertyoflanguageenableslanguageuserstoovercomethebarrierscausedbytimeandplace,duetothisfeatureoflanguage,speakersofalanguagearefreetotalkaboutanythinginanysituation?

A.Transferability 

B.Duality 

C.Displacement 

D.Arbitrariness

6. 

Studythefollowingdialogue.Whatfunctiondoesitplayaccordingtothefunctionsoflanguage?

—Aniceday,isn’tit?

—Right!

Ireallyenjoythesunlight.

A.Emotive 

B.Phatic 

C.Performative 

D.Interpersonal

7. 

__________referstotheactualrealizationoftheideallanguageuser’sknowledgeoftherulesofhislanguageinutterances.

A.Performance 

B.Competence 

C.Langue 

D.Parole

8. 

Whenadogisbarking,youassumeitisbarkingforsomethingoratsomeonethatexistshearandnow.

Itcouldn’tbesorrowfulforsomelostloveorlostbone.Thisindicatesthedesignfeatureof__________.

A.culturaltransmission 

B.productivity 

C.displacement 

D.duality

9. 

__________answerssuchquestionsashowweasinfantsacquireourfirstlanguage.

A.Psycholinguistics 

B.Anthropologicallinguistics

C.Sociolinguistics 

D.Appliedlinguistics

10. 

__________dealswithlanguageapplicationtootherfields,particularlyeducation.

A.Linguistictheory 

B.Practicallinguistics

C.Appliedlinguistics 

D.Comparativelinguistics

II. 

Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.（10%）

11. 

Languageisameansofverbalcommunication.Therefore,thecommunicationwayusedbythedeaf-muteisnotlanguage.

12. 

Languagechangeisuniversal,ongoingandarbitrary.

13. 

Speakingisthequickestandmostefficientwayofthehumancommunicationsystems.

14. 

Languageiswrittenbecausewritingistheprimarymediumforalllanguages.

15. 

Wewereallbornwiththeabilitytoacquirelanguage,whichmeansthedetailsofanylanguagesystemcanbegeneticallytransmitted.

16. 

Onlyhumanbeingsareabletocommunicate.

17. 

.DeSaussure,whomadethedistinctionbetweenlangueandparoleintheearly20thcentury,wasaFrenchlinguist.

18. 

AstudyofthefeaturesoftheEnglishusedinShakespeare’stimeisanexampleofthediachronicstudyoflanguage.

19. 

Speechandwritingcameintobeingatmuchthesametimeinhumanhistory.

20. 

Allthelanguagesintheworldtodayhavebothspokenandwrittenforms.

III. 

Fillintheblanks.（10%）

21. 

Language,broadlyspeaking,isameansof__________communication.

22. 

Inanylanguagewordscanbeusedinnewwaystomeannewthingsandcanbecombinedintoinnumerablesentencesbasedonlimitedrules.Thisfeatureisusuallytermed__________.

23. 

Languagehasmanyfunctions.Wecanuselanguagetotalkaboutitself.Thisfunctionis__________.

24. 

Theorythatprimitivemanmadeinvoluntaryvocalnoiseswhileperformingheavyworkhasbeencalledthe__________theory.

25. 

Linguisticsisthe__________studyoflanguage.

26. 

Modernlinguisticsis__________inthesensethatthelinguisttriestodiscoverwhatlanguageisratherthanlaydownsomerulesforpeopletoobserve.

27. 

Onegeneralprincipleoflinguisticanalysisistheprimacyof__________overwriting.

28. 

Thedescriptionofalanguageasitchangesthroughtimeisa__________study.

29. 

Saussureputforwardtwoimportantconcepts.__________referstotheabstractlinguisticsystemsharedbyallmembersofaspeechcommunity.

30. 

LinguisticpotentialissimilartoSaussure’slangueandChomsky’s__________.

IV. 

Explainthefollowingterms,usingexamples.（20%）

31. 

Designfeature

32. 

Displacement

33. 

Competence

34.Synchroniclinguistics

V. 

Answerthefollowingquestions.（20%）

35. 

Whydopeopletakedualityasoneoftheimportantdesignfeatures