初中被动语态讲解及练习Word格式文档下载.docx
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三、被动语态的用法：
1.一般现在时的被动语态构成：
is/am/are+及物动词的过去分词
Wecleanourclassroomeveryday.
Mymotherasksmetostudyhard.
2.一般过去时的被动语态构成：
was/were+及物动词的过去分词
Anewshopwasbuiltlastyear.
3.现在完成时的被动语态构成：
has/have+been+及物动词的过去分词
Thisbookhasbeentranslatedintomanylanguages.
Manyman-madesatelliteshavebeensentupintospacebymanycountries.
4.一般将来时的被动语态构成：
will+be+及物动词的过去分词
Anewhospitalwillbebuiltinourcity.
Manymoretreeswillbeplantednextyear.
5.含有情态动词的被动语态构成：
情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词
Youngtreesmustbewateredoften. Yourmistakesshouldbecorrectedrightnow.
Thedoormaybelockedinside.
Yourhomeworkcanbehandedintomorrow.
6.现在进行时的被动语态构成：
am/is/are+being+及物动词的过去分词
7.不定式的被动语态：
to+be+及物动词的过去分词
Therearetwobookstoberead.
Therearetwentymoretreestobeplanted.
3.感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词
不定式，主动语态中不带to，但变为被动
语态时，须加上to。
例：
makesomebodydosomething→somebody+be+madetodosomething
seesomebodydosomething→somebody+be+seentodosomething
Agirlsawmywalletdropwhenshepassedby.→Mywalletwasseentodropbyagirlwhenshepassedby.
Thebossmadethelittleboydoheavywork.→Thelittleboywasmadetodoheavyworkbytheboss.
4.如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时，可以使用直接宾语也可以使用间接宾语作被动语态句子的主语。
使用直接宾语（物）作主语时，要在动词后加上介词，这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定。
Hegavemeabook.
→Abookwasgiventomebyhim.
Heshowedmeaticket.
→Aticketwasshowntomebyhim.
Myfatherboughtmeanewbike.
→Anewbikewasboughtformebymyfather.
5.一些动词短语用于被动语态时，动词短语应当看作一个整体，而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。
Wecan’tlaughathim.→Hecan’tbelaughedatbyus.
Helistenstotheradioeveryday.→Theradioislistenedtobyhimeveryday.
Thenurseistakingcareofthesickman.→Thesickmanisbeingtakencareofbythenurse.
不用被动语态的情况
1）不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态（即多数的瞬间动词）：
appear,die（死亡）,disappear（消失）,end（vi.结束）,fail,happen,last,lie,remain,sit,spread,stand
breakout,cometrue,fallasleep,keepsilence,loseheart,takeplace.
如：
Afterthefire,verylittleremainedofmyhouse.
比较：
rise,fall,happen是不及物动词；
raise,seat是及物动词。
（错）Thepricehasbeenrisen.
（对）Thepricehasrisen.
（错）Theaccidentwashappenedlastweek.
（对）Theaccidenthappenedlastweek.
（错）Thepricehasraised.
（对）Thepricehasbeenraised.
（错）Pleaseseat.
（对）Pleasebeseated.
要想正确地使用被动语态，就须注意哪些动词是及物的，哪些是不及物的。
特别是一词多义的动词往往有两种用法。
解决这一问题唯有在学习过程中多留意积累。
2）不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语：
fit,have,hold,marry,own,wish,cost,notice,watch，agreewith,arriveat/in,shakehandswith,succeedin,sufferfrom,happento,takepartin,walkinto,belongto
如：
Thiskeyjustfitsthelock.
被动语态练习
一、选择题
（）1._____ a new library _____ in our school last year?
A. Is;
built B. Was;
bulit C. Does;
build D. Did;
build
（ ）2. An accident ____ on this road last week.
A. has been happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happened
（ ）3.Cotton ____ in the southeast of China.
A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow
（ ）4.So far, the moon ____ by man already.
A. is visited B. will be visited C. has been visited D. was visited
（ ）5.A talk on Chinese history _____ in the school hall next week. A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives
（ ）6.How many trees ____ this year?
A. are planted B. will plant C. have been planted D. planted
（ ）7. A lot of things ____ by people to save the little girl now. A. are doing B. are being done C. has been done D. will be done
（ ）8.Neither of them ______ in China.
A. is made B. are made C. were made D. made
（ ）9.Look!
A nice picture ____ for our teacher.
A. is drawing B. is being drawn C. has been drawn D .draws
（ ）10. Your shoes ____. You need a new pair.
A. wear out B. worn out C. are worn out D. is worn
（ ）11.The doctor _____ for yet. A. isn'
t sent B. hasn'
t been sent C. won'
t be sent D. wasn'
t sent
（ ）12.--When ___ this kind of computers______?
--Last year. A. did;
use B. was;
used C. is;
used D. are;
used
（ ）13. The Great Wall ____ all over the world.
A. knows B.knew C . is known D. was known
（ ）14.I ____ in summer.
A. born B. was born C. have been born D. am born （ ）15.He says that Mr Zhang _____ to the factory next week.
A. is sent B. would send C. was sent D. will be sent
（ ）16.Who _____ this book _____?
A. did;
written B. was;
written by C. did;
written D. was;
written
（ ）17.Mary ____ show me her new dictionary.
A. has asked to B.was asked to C.is asked D.asks to
（
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