电气系统可编程序控制器中英文对照外文翻译文献Word格式.docx

电气系统可编程序控制器中英文对照外文翻译文献Word格式.docx

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（文档含英文原文和中文翻译）

英文：

Programmabledesignedforelectro-pneumaticsystemscontroller

Thisprojectdealswiththestudyofelectro-pneumaticsystemsandtheprogrammablecontrollerthatprovidesaneffectiveandeasywaytocontrolthesequenceofthepneumaticactuatorsmovementandthestatesofpneumaticsystem.Theprojectofaspecificcontrollerforpneumaticapplicationsjointhestudyofautomationdesignandthecontrolprocessingofpneumaticsystemswiththeelectronicdesignbasedonmicrocontrollerstoimplementtheresourcesofthecontroller.

1.Introduction

Theautomationsystemsthatuseelectro-pneumatictechnologyareformedmainlybythreekindsofelements:

actuatorsormotors,sensorsorbuttonsandcontrolelementslikevalves.Nowadays,mostofthecontrolelementsusedtoexecutethelogicofthesystemweresubstitutedbytheProgrammableLogicController（PLC）.Sensorsandswitchesarepluggedasinputsandthedirectcontrolvalvesfortheactuatorsarepluggedasoutputs.Aninternalprogramexecutesallthelogicnecessarytothesequenceofthemovements,simulatesothercomponentslikecounter,timerandcontrolthestatusofthesystem.

WiththeuseofthePLC,theprojectwinsagility,becauseitispossibletocreateandsimulatethesystemasmanytimesasneeded.Therefore,timecanbesaved,riskofmistakesreducedandcomplexitycanbeincreasedusingthesameelements.

AconventionalPLC,thatispossibletofindonthemarketfrommanycompanies,offersmanyresourcestocontrolnotonlypneumaticsystems,butallkindsofsystemthatuseselectricalcomponents.ThePLCcanbeveryversatileandrobusttobeappliedinmanykindsofapplicationintheindustryorevensecuritysystemandautomationofbuildings.

Becauseofthosecharacteristics,insomeapplicationsthePLCofferstomuchresourcesthatarenotevenusedtocontrolthesystem,electro-pneumaticsystemisoneofthiskindofapplication.TheuseofPLC,especiallyforsmallsizesystems,canbeveryexpensivefortheautomationproject.

Analternativeinthiscaseistocreateaspecificcontrollerthatcanoffertheexactlysizeandresourcesthattheprojectneeds[3,4].Thiscanbemadeusingmicrocontrollersasthebaseofthiscontroller.

Thecontroller,basedonmicrocontroller,canbeveryspecificandadaptedtoonlyonekindofmachineoritcanworkasagenericcontrollerthatcanbeprogrammedasausualPLCandworkwithlogicthatcanbechanged.Allthesecharacteristicsdependonwhatisneededandhowmuchexperiencethedesignerhaswithdevelopinganelectroniccircuitandfirmwareformicrocontroller.Butthemainadvantageofdesignthecontrollerwiththemicrocontrolleristhatthedesignerhasthetotalknowledgeofhiscontroller,whichmakesitpossibletocontrolthesizeofthecontroller,changethecomplexityandtheapplicationofit.Itmeansthattheprojectgetsmoreindependencefromothercompanies,butatthesametimetheresponsibilityofthecontrolofthesystemstaysatthedesignerhands

2.Electro-pneumaticsystem

Onautomationsystemonecanfindthreebasiccomponentsmentionedbefore,plusalogiccircuitthatcontrolsthesystem.Anadequatetechniqueisneededtoprojectthelogiccircuitandintegrateallthenecessarycomponentstoexecutethesequenceofmovementsproperly.

Forasimpledirectsequenceofmovementanintuitivemethodcanbeused[1,5],butforindirectormorecomplexsequencestheintuitioncangenerateaverycomplicatedcircuitandsignalmistakes.Itisnecessarytouseanothermethodthatcansavetimeoftheproject,makeacleancircuit,caneliminateoccasionalsignaloverlappingandredundantcircuits.Thepresentedmethodiscalledstep-by-steporalgorithmic[1,5],itisvalidforpneumaticandelectro-pneumaticsystemsanditwasusedasabaseinthiswork.

Themethodconsistsofdesigningthesystemsbasedonstandardcircuitsmadeforeachchangeonthestateoftheactuators,thesechangesarecalledsteps.

Thefirstpartistodesignthosekindsofstandardcircuitsforeachstep,thenexttaskistolinkthestandardcircuitsandthelastpartistoconnectthecontrolelementsthatreceivesignalsfromsensors,switchesandthepreviousmovements,andgivetheairorelectricitytothesupplylinesofeachstep.InFigs.1and2thestandardcircuitsaredrawnforpneumaticandelectro-pneumaticsystem[8].Itispossibletoseetherelationswiththepreviousandthenextsteps.

3.Themethodappliedinsidethecontroller

Theresultofthemethodpresentedbeforeisasequenceofmovementsoftheactuatorthatiswelldefinedbysteps.Itmeansthateachchangeonthepositionoftheactuatorsisanewstateofthesystemandthetransitionbetweenstatesiscalledstep.

Thestandardcircuitdescribedbeforehelpsthedesignertodefinethesta