曼昆《经济学原理》微观第五版测试题库 01Word下载.docx

曼昆《经济学原理》微观第五版测试题库 01Word下载.docx

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ANS:

TDIF:

1REF:

1-0

NAT:

AnalyticLOC:

Scarcity,tradeoffs,andopportunitycost

TOP:

ScarcityMSC:

Definitional

2.Economicsisthestudyofhowevenlygoodsandservicesaredistributedwithinsociety.

FDIF:

TheStudyofeconomics,anddefinitionsineconomics

EconomicsMSC:

3.Economicsisthestudyofhowsocietyallocatesitsunlimitedresources.

4.Withcarefulplanning,wecanusuallygetsomethingthatwelikewithouthavingtogiveupsomethingelsethatwelike.

2REF:

1-1

TradeoffsMSC:

Interpretive

5.Choosingnottoattendaconcertsothatyoucanstudyforyourexamisanexampleofatradeoff.

Applicative

6.Efficiencymeanseveryoneintheeconomyshouldreceiveanequalshareofthegoodsandservicesproduced.

EfficiencyandEquityTOP:

Equality

MSC:

7.Equalityreferstohowthepieisdivided,andefficiencyreferstothesizeoftheeconomicpie.

Equality|Efficiency

8.Governmentpoliciesthatimproveequalityusuallyincreaseefficiencyatthesametime.

Efficiency|Equality

9.Anindividualdecidinghowtoallocateherlimitedtimeisdealingwithbothscarcityandtrade-offs.

OpportunitycostMSC:

Interpretative

10.Thecostofanactionismeasuredintermsofforegoneopportunities.

11.Tuitionisthesingle-largestcostofattendingcollegeformoststudents.

12.Ifwagesforaccountantsrose,thenaccountants’leisuretimewouldhavealoweropportunitycost.

13.Amarginalchangeisasmallincrementaladjustmenttoanexistingplanofaction.

Marginalcosts&

benefitsTOP:

Marginalchanges

14.Anincreaseinthemarginalcostofanactivitynecessarilymeansthatpeoplewillnolongerengageinanyofthatactivity.

15.IftheaveragecostoftransportingapassengeronthetrainfromChicagotoSt.Louisis$75,itwouldbeirrationalfortherailroadtoallowanypassengertorideforlessthan$75.

16.Thefactthatpeoplearewillingtopaymuchmoreforadiamond,whichisnotneededforsurvival,thantheyarewillingtopayforacupofwater,whichisneededforsurvival,isanexampleofirrationalbehavior.

17.Arationaldecisionmakertakesanactionifandonlyifthemarginalcostexceedsthemarginalbenefit.

18.SupposeonecountyinMissouridecidesitwantstoreducealcoholconsumption,sothecountypassesalawthatraisesthepriceofabottleofbeerby$1.Asaresult,peopledrivetoothercountiestodrinkalcohol,whichresultsinanincreaseindrunkdriving.Thisillustratestheprinciplethatpeoplerespondtoincentives.

TheroleofincentivesTOP:

Incentives

19.Ataxongasolineisanincentivethatencouragespeopletodrivesmallermorefuel-efficientcars.

20.Tradeallowseachpersontospecializeintheactivitiesheorshedoesbest,thusincreasingeachindividual'

sproductivity.

1-2

Gainsfromtrade,specializationandtrade

Trade|ProductivityMSC:

21.Tradewithanynationcanbemutuallybeneficial.

AnalyticLOC