离合器外文翻译Word文档格式.docx

离合器外文翻译Word文档格式.docx

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oftheclutchdiscturnslightlyonthehub.Thus,thespringsabsorbthetorsionalvibrationsofthecrankshaft.Whenthespringshavecompressedcompletely,theclutchmovesbackuntilthespringsrelax.Inotherwords,theclutchabsorbstheseenginevibrations,preventingthevibrationsfromgoingthroughthedrivetrain.

●OperatingMembers

Thesearethepartsthatreleasepressurefromtheclutchdisc.Theoperatingmembersconsistoftheclutchpedal,clutchreturnspring,clutchlinkage,clutchfork,andthrowoutbearing.Theclutchlinkageincludestheclutchpedalandamechanicalorhydraulicsystemtomovetheotheroperatingmembers.

Whentheclutchpedalisdepressed,theclutchlinkageoperatestheclutchfork.Theclutchfork,orreleasefork,movesthethrowoutbearingagainstthepressureplatereleaselevers.Theseleversthencompressspringsthatnormallyholdtheclutchdisctightlyagainsttheflywheel.

Atthispoint,thetorqueoftheenginecannotturnthegearboxinputshaft.Thegearsinthegearboxmaybeshiftedorthevehiclecanbebroughttoafullstop.

Whentheclutchpedalisreleased,thepressureplateforcestheclutchdiscagainsttheflywheel.Theclutchreturnspringhelpsraisethepedal.

DClutchService

Themajorpartsoftheclutchassemblyneednomaintenanceorlubricationduringnormalservice.However,alllinkagepartsneedlubricationatpointsofcontact.Thelinkageitselfmustbeadjustedtopreventwearoftheclutchdisc.

●Free-playAdjustment

Youcanmakeonlyoneadjustmentontheclutchlinkage—thefree-playadjustment.Freeplayistheallowablespacebetweenthethrowoutbearingandthepressureplatereleaselevers.Thisspaceisimportantbecauseitpreventspressureontheleversthatcouldkeeptheclutchfromengagingfully.Inotherwords,thethrowoutbearingmustbeslightlyawayfromthepressureplateleverssothatthebearingappliesnopressureonthelevers.Ontheotherhand,theremustnotbetoomuchfreeplaybetweenthebearingandthelevers.Withtoomuchclearance,theclutchcannotfullydisengagedwhenthedriverpresstheclutchpedaltothefloor.Inmostcases,youmeasurethefreeplayattheclutchpedal,ratherthanatthebellhousing.

Thefreeplayallowssomemotionatthebeginningoftheclutchpedaltravel,beforethepedalmeetsresistance.Sincethedistancevarieswiththetypeofpressureplate,checktheservicemanual.Usually,freeplayshouldbeabout20to25mm.

Freeplaycanbeadjustedatsomepointwheretheclutchlinkageconsistsofthreadedrodswithlocknuts.Therodclosesttotheclutchforkisthemostcommonadjustmentpoint.Beginbylocatingtherodandlocknutbeneaththevehicle.Thendeterminewhichwaytoturntheadjustmentnutstogetthecorrectfreeplayatthepedal.Youcangetaroughestimateoffreeplaybymovingtheclutchforktoseeifitstillhassomemovement.Thebestwaytomaketheadjustmentistoloosenthelocknutandmovetheadjustmentnutafewturns.Thencheckthefreeplayatthepedal.Continuemakingadjustmentsuntilyouhavethecorrectfreeplay.Whenthefree-playadjustmentmeetsthemanufacturer’sspecification,tightenthelocknut.

Checkthefree-playadjustmenteverysixmonthsandmakeanyadjustment.Clutchesneedadjustmentthatoften,sincefreeplaydecreasesslightlyastheclutchdiscwears.However,theneedforfrequentadjustmentsmeansaproblemintheclutchmechanismitself.

Theremustbefreeplaybetweenthethrowoutbearingandpressureplatereleaselevers.Problemscanresultfrom“ridingtheclutch”.Adriverwhorestsonefootontheclutchpedalcausesthethrowoutbearingtorubagainsttheclutchreleaselevers.Asaresult,thethrowoutbearingbecomeswornquickly.Also,theclutchdiscmaywearoutduetoslippagebecausethepartsarenotfullyengaged.

●ClutchFaults

Thefollowingarethemainfaults:

Slip—failureofthesurfacetogripresultinginthedrivenplaterevolvingslowerthantheengineflywheel:

Clutchgetshotandemitsanodor.

Spinordrag—failureoftheplatestoseparateresultinginnoisefromthegearboxwhenselectingagear:

mostnoticeablewhenthevehicleisstationary.

Judder—avibrationwhichoccurswhentheclutchisbeingengaged,i.e.whenthevehicleisstationary.

Fierceness—suddendepartureofthevehicleeventhoughthepedalisbeingreleasedgradually.

ETheClutches（supplementarycontract）

Aclutchisafrictiondeviceusedtoconnectanddisconnectadrivingforcefromadrivenmember.Inautomotiveapplications,itisusedinconjunctionwithanengineflywheeltoprovidesmoothengagementanddisengagementoftheengineandmanualtransmission.

Sinceaninternalcombustionenginedevelopslittlepowerortorqueatlowrpm,itmustgainspeedbeforeitwillmovethevehicle.However,ifarapidlyrotatingengineissuddenly