河南省八市届高三上学期第二次测评英语试题解析版Word版含解斩Word格式文档下载.docx
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第一节(共15小题;
每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Manyoftheworld’smostpeoplewereoncesuccessfulfailures.Herearethestoriesofafewofthem.
AbrahamLincoln(1809-1865)
AbrahamLincolnwasoneofAmerica’sgreatestleaders,takingthecountrythroughtheCivilWar(from1860to1865).However,hislifewasnevereasy.Hestartednumerousbusinessesthatfailed,hewentbankrupttwice,andwasdefeatedin26campaignsforpublicoffice.Helatersaid,“Mygreatconcernisnotwhetheryouhavefailed,butwhetheryouarecontentwithyourfailure.”
VincentVanGogh(1853-1890)
VanGoghisoneofthemostfamousandinfluentialpaintersinthehistoryofWesternArt.He’srenownedforpaintingssuchasTheStarryNight.ThepotatoEatersandSunflowers.However,duringhislifetime,VanGoghsoldonlyonepaintingforaverysmallamountofmoney.Despitethis,hecarriedonpainting,somethingevengoingwithoutfoodsohecouldcompletehiscollectionofover800knownworks.
AlbertEinstein(1879-1955)
AlbertEinsteinwontheNoblePrizeinPhysicsin1921.However,hewasn’talwaysconsidereda“genius”.Hedidn’tspeakuntilhewasfour,andcouldn’treaduntilhewasseven.Histeachersandparentsthoughtheasslow,sohewasexpelledfromschoolandcouldn’tgetintotheZurichPolytechnicSchool.Helaterfamouslysaid,“Successisfailureinprogress.”
StephenKing(born1947)
StephenKingisoneofthebest-sellingauthorsofalltime,buthisfirstbook,Carrie,wasrejectedbyabout30publishers.Eventually,Stephenthrewitinthebin,buthiswifefisheditoutandencouragedhimtoresubmitit,whichhedid…successfullythistime!
1.WhichstatementistrueaboutAbrahamLincoln?
A.HeledtheAmericanWarofIndependence
B.Heneversucceededinhisbusiness
C.Hewasfullofcourageandperseverance
D.HeisthegreatestpresidentoftheUnitedStates
2.Whobecamefamousallovertheworldafterhisdeath?
A.AlbertEinsteinB.VincentVanGogh
C.AlbertEinsteinD.StephenKing
3.WhatwasthemostlikelyreasonforAlbertEinstein’sdroppingoutofschool?
A.HewastooslowtolearnB.Hecouldn’tspeakorread
C.HisteacherthoughthewasstupidD.Hedidn’tobeytheschoolrules
4.Whatdothesepeoplehaveincommon?
A.TheyareallAmericans
B.Theyareknownfortheirwritings
C.Theywereborninthesamecentury
D.Theyallsufferedfailurebeforetheysucceeded
【答案】1.C2.B3.C4.D
【解析】这篇文章主要讲了世界上的许多人在成功之前都遭遇了失败,并且为我们列举了几个非常有名的人物的例子。
1.推理判断题。
由However,hislifewasnevereasy.Hestartednumerousbusinessesthatfailed,hewentbankrupttwice,andwasdefeatedin26campaignsforpublicoffice.Helatersaid,“Mygreatconcernisnotwhetheryouhavefailed,butwhetheryouarecontentwithyourfailure.”可推断出亚伯拉罕·
林肯充满勇气和坚持不懈,选C。
2.推理判断题。
由However,duringhislifetime,VanGoghsoldonlyonepaintingforaverysmallamountofmoney.可推断出梵高是在去世之后,才闻名于全世界的,选B。
3.推理判断题。
由Histeachersandparentsthoughtheasslow,sohewasexpelledfromschoolandcouldn’tgetintotheZurichPolytechnicSchool.可推断出爱因斯坦被退学,最可能的原因就是老师认为他很笨,选C。
4.推理判断题。
由Manyoftheworld’smostpeoplewereoncesuccessfulfailures.Herearethestoriesofafewofthem.可推断出这些人们的共同之处在于他们在成功之前都遭遇了失败,选D。
B
Theworld’spopulationisprojectedtoreach11billionbytheendofthecentury.
Feedingthatmanypeoplewillbeachallenge,anditisfurthercomplicatedbytheimpactofclimatechangeonagriculture.Thatiswhysomepeopleadvocateanunusualwaytoboostthefoodsupplyandfeedpeoplesustainablybyeatinglessmeatandmoreinsects.
About2billionpeoplealreadyeatbugs.Mexicansenjoychilly-toastedgrasshoppers.Thaistuckintocricketstir-friesandGhanaianssnackontermites.InsectsareslowlycreepingontoWesternmenusasnoveltyitems,butmostpeopleremainsqucamish(拘谨).
Yettherearethreereasonswhyeatinginsectsmakessense.
First,theyarehealthierthanmeat.Therearenearly2000kindsofedibleinsects,manyofthempackedwithprotein,calcium,fiber,ironandzinc.Asmallservingofgrasshopperscancontainaboutthesameamountofproteinasasimilarsizedservingofbeef,buthasfarlessfatandfarfewercalories.
Second,raisinginsectsischeap,orfree.Littletechnologyorinvestmentisneededtoproducethem.Harvestinginsectscouldprovidelivelihoodstosomeoftheworld’spoorestpeople.
Finally,insectsareafarmoresustainablesourceoffoodthanlivestock.Livestockproductionaccountsfornearlyafifthofallgreenhouse-gasemissions,that’smorethantransport.Bycontrast,insectsproducerelativelyfewgreenhousegasesandraisingthemrequiresmuchlesslandandwater.Andtheyeatalmostanything.
Despiteallthis,mostWesternersfindinsectshardtoswallow.
Onesolutio