高中英语状语从句用法详解Word格式文档下载.docx
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八、条件状语从句
九、让步状语从句
十、比较状语从句
一、时间状语从句:
1、时间状语从句通常用下列从属连词来引导:
after,before,as,once,till,until,(ever)since,when,whenever,while,now(that),aslongas,assoonas。
如:
Now(that)you’vegrownup,youmuststopthischildishbehaviour.
Wheneverwemetwithdifficulties,theycametohelpus.
Comeandseeuswheneveryouhavetime.
Peopledonotknowthevalueofhealthtilltheyloseit.
2、有些词,如immediately,directly,instantly等,当用于assoonas意义时,也可以引导时间状语从句,如:
IgotintouchwithhimimmediatelyIreceivedhisletter.
Mysistercamedirectlyshegotmymessage.
Themachinewillstartinstantlyyoupressthebutton.
I’lltelephoneyoudirectlyIhearthenews.
Willyoulookforitimmediatelyyougetthere?
3.某些表示时间的名词词组,如the(very)moment(=assoonas),theminute(=assoonas),theinstant(=assoonas),theday,theyear,themorning,everytime,eachtime,nexttime,thefirsttime等,也可以引导时间状语从句,如:
I’lltellyouaboutitthemomentyoucome.
IstartedtheinstantIheardthereport.
Theinstantshesawhimsheknewhewasherbrother.
EverytimeIcatchacold,Ihavepaininmyback.
I’mgoingtoseehimnexttimehecomestoShenzhen.
HeleftEuropetheyearWorldWarⅡbrokeout.
HehadimpressedmethatwaythefirsttimeImethim.
IstartedtheverymomentIgotyourletter.
I’lltellhimtheminute(that)hegetshere.
4.有些关联从属连词,如nosooner…than/hardly…when/scarcely…when/barely…when等,也能引导时间状语从句。
△如果把nosooner,hardly,scarcely,barely置于句首,它所连带的这部分就要倒装,如:
Shehadnosoonerheardthenewsthanshefainted.
=Nosoonerhadsheheardthenewsthanshefainted.
Theyhadhardlystartedtoworkwhenthetroublebegan.
=Hardlyhadtheystartedtoworkwhenthetroublebegan.
Hehadscarcelyenteredtheroomwhenthephonerang.
=Scarcelyhadheenteredtheroomwhenthephonerang.
二、地点状语从句:
1、地点状语从句常用where,wherever来引导,如:
Wewillstaywhereyoustay.(where=intheplaceinwhich;
where既连接主句与从句,又在从句中作副词修饰谓语stay。
)
IfoundmybookswhereIleftthem.
Whereverhehappenstobe,Johncanmakehimselfathome.
Hewillworkwhereverthepeopleneedhim.
Letmegowherever(=toanyplacetowhich)theylike(togo).
2、有时,-where构成的复合词也可以引导地点状语从句,如:
Everywheretheywent,theywerekindlyreceived/warmlywelcomed.
We’llgoanywherethePartydirectsus.
三、方式状语从句:
1、方式状语从句通常由as,asif,asthough来引导,如:
YoumustdotheexercisesasIshowyou.
Pleasedoexactlyasyourdoctorsays.
Itlooksasifitmightsnow/isgoingtosnow.
Heactedasif/thoughnothinghadhappened.
Hewalkedasifhewas/weredrunk.
Marywasbehavingasthoughshehadn’tgrownup.
2、在非正式文体或口语中,也可用theway(that)(=as=inthewayinwhich),how,like等来引导,如:
Jeandoesn’tdoitthewayIdo.
SheisdoingherworkthewayIlikeitdone.
Youcandothejobhowyoulike.
Thelandlordwaswatchinghimlike(=justas)acatwatchesamouse.
Doyoumakebreadlikeyoumakecakes?
like作连词的用法补充说明:
1).Conjunction(informal)(非正式):
inthesamewaythat;
as
同…一样,如
Peoplewhochangecountriesliketheychangeclothes.
换国籍像换衣服一样的人。
2).asthough;
asif好像,如同
IfeltlikeI'
dbeenkickedbyacamel.我觉得好像被骆驼踢了似的。
四、程度状语从句:
程度状语从句可用tosuchanextentthat…/tosuchadegreethat…,tothedegree/extentthat,insofaras(“在…的范围内”)等来引导,如:
Thetemperaturerosetosuchanextentthatthefiremenhadtoleavetheburningbuilding.
Thetemperatureloweredtosuchadegreethatthewaterfroze.
试比较:
Thetemperaturerosesohighthatthefiremenhadtoleavetheburningbuilding.
Thetemperatureloweredsomuchthatthewaterfroze.
从以上例句可以看出,程度状语从句往往也表示达到某种程度时所引出的结果,所以程度状语从句和结果状语从句在意义上有相通之处。
Atthattimepoliticianswerenotknowntothedegreethattheyaretoday.那时政治家们并不像今天这样为人所知晓。
I'
llhelpyouinsofarasIcan.我会尽我所能帮助你。
五、原因状语从句:
1、引导原因状语从句最常用的连词是because,since,和as,所引导的从句可以放在主句之前,也可放在主句之后。
其中because语势最强,since次之,as又次之。
△because通常表示说话人认为这种理由或原因是听话人所不知道的,全句强调的重点在原因上,不在主句表示的结果上。
回答why提出的问题时,只能用because;
在强调句型中也只能用because从句,不能用since,as等,如:
BecauseIcan’tseeverywell,Ihavetositnearthefront.
Itwasbecausehewasillthathedidn’tgowithus.
Itwasbecausehewasillthathedidn’tcome.
△since和as引导的句子,重点在主句的内容,其原因或理由在说话人看来已很明显,或已为听话人所熟悉,since和as只是一种附带的说明原因,不是对原因进行强调,如:
Asheisworkinghard,heislikelytosucceed.
Sincehecan’tanswerthequestion,you’dbetterasksomeoneelse.
As/Sincehewasnotathome,Ispoketohisbrother.
Sinceyouinsist,Iwillreconsiderthematter.
Ashewasinahurry,helefthisbagathome.
△for是并列连词,它引导的句子只能后置。
表示因果关系时,可以和because换用;
但当它用于对主句的内容加以解释或推断时,不能用because代替,如:
Hecouldn’thaveseenme,because/forIwasnothere.
Thegroundiswet,for/becauseitrainedlastnight.