新概念英语第2册语法精粹Word文档下载推荐.docx
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amplaying
are
has
haveplayed
havebeenplaying
过去
played
was
wereplaying
hadplayed
hadbeenplaying
将来
shall
willplay
shall
willbeplaying
willhaveplayed
willhavebeenplaying
should
wouldplay
wouldbeplaying
wouldhaveplayed
wouldhavebeenplaying
一、一般现在时:
1.构成:
使用动词原形,第三人称单数须有变化。
(1)直接加“s”,works,takes
(2)以辅音加“y”结尾,变“y”为“i”,再加“es”
carry→carries
(3)以“o,s,x,ch,sh”结尾的动词加“es”
goesdresseswatchesbrushes
2.功能:
(1)表现在的事实、状态或动作:
eg:
►.Birdsfly.
►.Shelovesmusic.
►.Mary'
sparentsgetupveryearly.
(2)表习惯性动作或职业,常与often,sometimes,usually,always,everyweek,seldom,occasionally,frequently等时间副词连用。
►.Ialwaystakeawalkaftersupper.
►.Shewritestomeveryoften.
►.Tomandhisgirlfriendgoouttotakeapicnicoccasionally.
(3)表客观真理,格言警句或事实:
►.Theearthmovesroundthesun.
►.Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.
►.Twoandtwomakesfour.
►.Nomanbuterrs.人非圣贤,熟能无过。
(4)表将来:
A.在由when,after,before,as,assoonas,although,because,if,evenif,incase,till,until,unless,
solongas,where,whatever,wherever等引导的状语从句中用一般现在时表将来发生的动作。
(黄金重点,所有考试都不放过它!
)
例如:
►.I'
lltellherwhenshecomestomorrow.
►.Evenifitrainsthisafternoon,I'
llmeetyou.
►.Whateverhappens,youshouldkeepcool-headed.(不错的句型,背下!
!
►.I'
llberightherewaitingforyouwhereveryougo.(很感人的句型!
B.按时间表示将要发生的动作或事件,用一般现在时表达将来时概念。
►.Theplaybeginsat6:
30thisevening.
►.Whendoestheplanetakeoff?
►.Heleavesforthatcitynextweek.
►.Accordingtothetimetable,theexpresstraintoShanghaistartsatnineinthemorning.
(按照时刻表,开往上海的特快列车早上7点出发。
测试精编
1.TheBrowns________anicecarandBrown'
sbrother________anicejeep.
A.have/haveB.has/hasC.have/hasD.has/have
2.Iftheirhouse________notlikeours,what________itlooklike?
A.is/isB.is/doesC.does/doesD.does/is
3.-________youthinkhewillcome?
-Ifit________tomorrow,hewillnotcome.
A.Do/rainsB.Are/rainsC.Do/willrainD.Are/willrain
4.Thelittlechild________notevenknowthatthemoon________aroundtheearth.
A.do/moveB.do/movesC.does/movesD.did/moved
5.Manyastudent________fondoffilms,butagoodstudentseldom________tothecinema
A.are/goesB.is/goesC.are/goD.is/go
二.现在进行时:
is/am/are+现在分词
1.表示现在正在进行的动作。
如
►.Thekettleisboiling.ShallImaketea?
►.Don'
tyouthinkyoueattoomuch?
You'
reputtingonweight(体重增加)。
►.Theworkersarebuildinganewbridgeacrosstheriver.
2.表现阶段正进行的动作。
►.Heistakingphysicsthissemester(本学期)。
►.Wearepreparingforourfinalexaminationthisweek.
3.go,come,leave,arrive,land,meet,die,start,return,join,etc.用于进行时态时表示即将开始的动作。
►.Look!
Thebusiscoming.看!
车来了!
►.Theoldmanisseriouslyill,andheisdying.
►.AliceisleavingforBeijingwithhermother.
4.与always,forever,continually,constantly等副词连用,表示说话人带有感情色彩:
赞赏或厌恶。
►.Heisalwaysthinkingofothers.(他总是想着别人。
►.Theboyiscontinuallymakingnoises.(这男孩不断地发出吵闹声。
►.Theteacherisconstantly(always)criticizingherforbeinglate.(老师一直在批评她迟到。
5.下面表示状态、感觉、情绪、精神活动的动词不可用于进行时。
(此条戒律请背10遍!
believe(相信),doubt(怀疑),see(看见),hear(听见),know(知道),understand(理解),belong(属于),think(认为),consider(认为),feel(觉得),look(看起来),seem(看上去),show(显示),mind(介意),have(有),sound(听起来),taste(尝起来),require(要求),possess(拥有),care(关心),like(喜欢),hate(讨厌),love(喜爱),detest(憎恨),desire(意欲)
【简单记忆】:
●永远不要说I'
mbelieving...或Heisseeingahouse.再简单一点说,这些动词后面不要随意加-ing.
●可怕的是:
我们在写作及口语中常犯此类大错!
●注意:
haveaparty/thinkabout可以用进行时,因为这里have意为“举行”;
think意为“考虑”。
测试精编:
1.Howcanyou________Ifyouarenot________?
A.listening/hearingB.hear/listening
C.belistening/heardD.behearing/listeningto
2.Thegirlevenwon'
thaveherlunchbeforeshe________herhomework.
A.willfinishB.isfinishing
C.hadfinishedD.finishes
3.Thosewhohaveappliedforthepost(职位)________intheoffice.(此题超前)
A.arebeinginterviewedB.areinterviewing
C.interviewingD.tobeinterviewing
4.Theoldscientist________todomoreforthecountry.
A.iswishingB.hasbeenwishing
C.wishesD.hasbeenwished
5.Ifhe________,don'
twakehimup.
A.stillsleepsB.isstillsleeping
C.stillhasbeensleepingD.willbesleepingstill
三.一般过去时。
定义动词的过去式:
1.表示过去某个特定时间或某一段时间发生的动作或情况。
►.Wevisitedtheschoollastspring.
►.IwenttoschoolbybikewhenIwasinmiddleschool.
►.Chinawasfoundedin1949.
2.在表示时间或条件等的状语从句中代替过去将来时。
(参)
►.Shetoldmethatshewouldnotgowithusifitrainedthenextday.
►.Theywould