旋转机械故障的研究及常见故障的振动诊断毕业课程设计外文文献翻译中英文翻译Word格式.docx

旋转机械故障的研究及常见故障的振动诊断毕业课程设计外文文献翻译中英文翻译Word格式.docx

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Rotatingmachineryarethosemainfunctionistobecompletedbytherotarymovementofmechanicalequipment,suchassteamturbines,gasturbines,generators,motors,centrifugalblowers,centrifugalcompressorpumps,vacuumpumpsandavarietyofslowgrowthofthegearsandothermachineryequipment,allbelongtothescopeofrotatingmachinery.Rotatingmachineryistheapplicationofmachineryandequipmentmostwidespread,thenumberofthelargestandmostrepresentativeoneofmachineryandequipment,especiallyinelectricpower,petrochemical,metallurgy,machinery,aviation,nuclearindustryandotherindustries,rotatingmachineryisasignificantshareanimportantposition.

2.1ClassificationofRotatingMachineryVibration

Rotatingmachineryvibrationfailurewasclassifiedasamajorformoffailure,accordingtodifferentclassificationmethods,avarietymaybeasfollows

1.Byvibrationfrequencyclassification

（1）Vibrationfrequency;

（2）Harmonicvibration,forexample,twooctave,3octavevibration;

（3）Theentirebasebandfrequencyscores（suchas1/2,1/3,etc.）ofthevibration;

（4）Frequencyandbasebandintotherelationshipbetweenacertainpercentages（eg38%~49%）ofthevibration;

（5）ultra-low-frequency（vibrationfrequency5Hzbelow）vibration;

（6）Ultra-highfrequency（vibrationfrequencyin10kHzandabove）Vibration

2.Amplitudedirectionaccordingtoclassification

（1）Diameter（horizontal）tothevibrationthatisthedirectionalongtheshaftdiameterofthevibrationisgenerallydividedintohorizontalvibrationstraightvibration.

（2）Axialvibration,thatis,thedirectionalongtheaxisofvibrationcutting;

（3）Tensionalvibration,thatis,thevibrationalongtheshaftrotationdirection.

3.byvibrationofthereasonsforclassification

（1）Thevibrationcausedbyrotorimbalance;

（2）Shaftmisalignmentcausedbyvibration;

（3）Slidingbearingandcrankshaftvibrationcausedbyeccentricity;

（4）Themachinepartscausedbyloosevibration;

（5）Friction（suchassealfriction,therotorandthestatorfriction,etc.）causedbyvibration;

（6）Bearingdamagecausedbyvibration;

（7）Slidingbearingoilwhirlsandoilwhipcausedbyvibration;

（8）Airpowerandhydraulicvibrationcausedbyfactorssuchas;

（9）Bearingstiffnessasymmetrycausedbyvibration;

（10）Electricalaspectsofthereasonsforthevibrationcausedby

4.Vibrationoccurredbythesiteclassification

（1）Rotororshaft（includingthejournal,shaftprofilevane,etc.）vibration;

（2）Bearings（includingthefilmslidingbearingsandrollingbearing）vibration;

（3）Shell,bearingvibration;

（4）Infrastructure（includingaircraftseats,table,orbracket,etc.）vibration;

（5）Otherareassuchasvalves,pipestem,andavarietyofstructuralvibration,etc.

Inaddition,ifaccordingtothecharacteristicsandformsofvibration,butalsoseparationofsynchronousvibrations（forcedvibration）andsub-synchronous（self-excitedvibration）,etc...Duetovibrationscausedbythefailureofitsmanifestationsarediverse,inordertoaccuratelyidentifiedthecausefailurescause-generallyspeaking,havetorelyonsignalprocessingtechniquesandvibrationtheory,andothermodernmethodsandmeanstoconductacomprehensiveandintegratedanalysisandinaccordancewiththegradualaccumulationofexperienceinthespecificcircumstances,theonlywaytoachievefaultdiagnosissuccess.Failureofrotatingmachineryandthereforemustbecharacterizedbyresearch.

2.2Thecharacteristicsofrotatingmachineryfault

Theimplementationoffaultinthedynamicmonitoringofrotatingmachinery,wemustpayattentiontootherfeatures:

2.2.1RotorFeatures

Therotorcomponentisthecoreofrotatingmachineryandequipment,whichisfixedbytheshaftandtheinstallationofvarioustypesofcirculardiscoidcomponents（suchascoupling,bearings,impeller,gear,balancedisk,pulley,wheel,flywheel,etc.）,formed.Astheentirerotorinhigh-speedrotationmovements,soitsmanufacture,installation,commissioning,maintenanceandmanagementhaveaveryhighdemand.Ifyouhadproblemswithoneofthesecomponents,orinconnectionwithachangeinpartanexceptionoccurred,theyimmediatelydrewastrongvibrationunit.Itcanbesaidofdynamicmonitoringrotatingmachinerymonitoringanddiagnosisismainlytherotorstateofmotion.

2.2.2Thefrequencycharacteristicsofrotatingmachineryvibration

Mostofrotatingmachineryvibrationsignalsisperiodicsignals,quasi-periodicsignal,orastationaryrandomsignal.Failureofrotatingmachineryvibrationcharacteristicshaveacommonpoint,namely,thefailureoftheircharacteristicfrequencyrelatedwiththerotorspeed