大学英语精读第5册15课文全文翻译文档格式.docx

大学英语精读第5册15课文全文翻译文档格式.docx

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Itmaynotseemmuchconsolationtopointoutthattheteacher,too,becomesfrustratedwhenhiseffortsappeartoproducelessobviousresults.Hefindsthatstudentswhowereeasytoteach,becausetheysucceededinputtingeverythingtheyhadbeentaughtintopractice,hesitatewhenconfrontedwiththevastuntouchedareaofEnglishvocabularyandusagewhichfallsoutsidethescopeofbasictextbooks.Heseesthemstrugglingbecausethelanguagetheythoughttheyknewnowappearstoconsistofabewilderingvarietyofidioms,cliché

dandacceptedphraseswithdifferentmeaningsindifferentcontexts.ItishardtoconvincethemthattheyarestillmakingprogresstowardsfluencyandthattheirEnglishiscertaintoimprove,giventimeanddedication.

Insuchcircumstancesitishardlysurprisingthatsomegiveupindisgust,whileothersstillwaithopefullyfortheteachertogivethemthesameconfidentguidancehewasabletoofferthematfirst.Theteacher,forhispart,frequentlyreducedtotryingtoexplaintheinexplicable,maytakerefugeinquotingproverbstohiscolleaguessuchas:

"

Youcanleadahorsetowaterbutyoucan'

tmakehimdrink”or,morerespectfullyiflessgrammatically:

”Itain’twhatyousay,It'

sthewaythatyousayit."

Hisstudentsmightfeelinclinedtocounterthesewith:

ThemoreIlearn,thelessIknow."

Ofcoursethisisnottrue.Whatbothstudentsandteachersareexperiencingistherecognitionthatthemorecomplexstructuresoneencountersinalanguagearenotasvitaltomakingoneselfunderstoodandsohavealessimmediatefieldofapplication.Forthesamereason,fromtheteacher'

spointofview,selectingwhatshouldbetaughtbecomesamoredifficulttask.Itismucheasiertogetfoodofanykindthantochoosethedishyouwouldmostliketoeatonagivendayfromavastmenu.

Definingtheproblemiseasierthanprovidingthesolution.OnecansuggestthatstudentsshouldspendtwoorthreeyearsinanEnglish-speakingcountry,whichamountstowashingone'

shandsofthem.Fewstudentshavethetimeorthemoneytodothat.Itisoftensaidthatwidereadingisthetimeorthemoneytodothat.Itisoftensaidthatwidereadingisthebestalternativecourseofactionbutevenhereitisnecessarytomakesomekindofselection.Itisnousetellingstudentstogotothelibraryandpickupthefirstbooktheycomeacross.Myownadvicetothemwouldbe:

readwhatyoucanunderstandwithouthavingtolookupwordsinadictionary（butnotwhatyoucanunderstandataglance）;

readwhatinterestsyou;

readwhatyouhavetimefor（magazinesandnewspapersratherthannovelsunlessyoucanreadthewholenovelinaweekorso）;

readtheEnglishwrittentoday,not200yearsago;

readasmuchasyoucanandtrytorememberthewayitwaswrittenratherthanindividualwordsthatpuzzledyou."

Andinsteadof"

read"

Icouldjustaswellsay"

listento."

Myadvicetoteacherswouldbesimilarinaway.Iwouldsay"

It'

snogoodthinkingthatanythingwilldo,orthatalllanguageisuseful.It'

snogoodrelyingonstudentstoexpressthemselveswithouttherighttoolsforexpression.It'

sstillyourdutytochoosethebestpathtofollownearthetopofthemountainjustasitwastoproposeapracticableshort-cutawayfromthebeatentrackinthefoothills.Andifthepathyouchooseistooovergrowntomakefurtherprogress,thewholepartywillhavetogobackandyouwillhavetochooseanotherroute.Youarestillthepaidguideandexpertandthereisawaytothetopsomewhere."

TheFifthFreedom

MorethanthreecenturiesagoahandfulofpioneerscrossedtheoceantJamestownandPlymouthinsearchoffreedomstheywereunabletofindintheirowncountries,thefreedomsofwestillcherishtoday:

freedomfromwant,freedomfromfear,freedomofspeech,freedomofreligion.Todaythedescendantsoftheearlysettlers,andthosewhohavejoinedthemsince,arefightingtoprotectthesefreedomsathomeandthroughouttheworld.

Andyetthereisafifthfreedom-basictothosefour-thatweareindangeroflosing:

thefreedomtobeone'

sbest.St.Exuperydescribesaragged,sensitive-facedArabchild,hauntingthestreetsofaNorthAfricantown,asalostMozart:

hewouldneverbetrainedordeveloped.Washefree?

Noonegraspedyoubytheshoulderwhiletherewasstilltime;

andnoughtwillawakeninyouthesleepingpoetormusicianorastronomerthatpossiblyinhabitedyoufromthebeginning."