外文翻译混合动力电动汽车机械和再生制动的整合.docx

外文翻译混合动力电动汽车机械和再生制动的整合.docx

《外文翻译混合动力电动汽车机械和再生制动的整合.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《外文翻译混合动力电动汽车机械和再生制动的整合.docx（10页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

外文翻译混合动力电动汽车机械和再生制动的整合

外文文献原稿和译文

原稿

MechanicalandRegenerativeBrakingIntegrationforaHybridElectricVehicle

Abstract

Hybridelectricvehicletechnologyhasbecomeapreferredmethodfortheautomotiveindustrytoreduceenvironmentalimpactandfuelconsumptionoftheirvehicles.Hybridelectricvehiclesaccomplishthesereductionsthroughtheuseofmultiplepropulsionsystems,namelyanelectricmotorandinternalcombustionengine,whichallowtheeliminationofidling,operationoftheinternalcombustionengineinamoreefficientmannerandtheuseofregenerativebraking.However,theaddedcostofthehybridelectricsystemhashinderedthesalesofthesevehicles.

Amorecosteffectivedesignofanelectro-hydraulicbrakingsystemispresented.Thesystemelectro-mechanicallycontrolledtheboostforcecreatedbythebrakeboosterindependentlyofthedriverbrakingforceandwithadequatetimeresponse.Thesystemallowedfortheblendingofthemechanicalandregenerativebrakingtorquesinamannertransparenttothedriverandallowedforregenerativebrakingtobeconductedefficiently.

Asystematicdesignprocesswasfollowed,withemphasisplacedondemonstratingconceptualdesignfeasibilityandpreliminarydesignfunctionalityusingvirtualandphysicalprototyping.Thevirtualandphysicalprototypeswerethenusedincombinationasapowerfultooltovalidateanddevelopthesystem.Theroleofprototypinginthedesignprocessispresentedanddiscussed.

Throughtheexperiencesgainedbytheauthorduringthedesignprocess,itisrecommendedthatstudentscreatephysicalprototypestoenhancetheireducationalexperience.Theseexperiencesareevidentthroughoutthethesispresented.

1.1ModernHybridElectricVehicles

Withrisinggaspricesandtheoverwhelmingconcernfortheenvironment,consumersandthegovernmenthaveforcedtheautomotiveindustrytostartproducingmorefuelefficientvehicleswithlessenvironmentalimpact.Onepromisingmethodthatiscurrentlybeingimplementedisthehybridelectricvehicle.

Hybridvehiclesaredefinedasvehiclesthathavetwoormorepowersources[25].Therearealargenumberofpossiblevariations,butthemostcommonlayoutofhybridvehiclestodaycombinesthepowerofaninternalcombustionengine（ICE）withthepowerofanelectricmotorandenergystoragesystem（ESS）.Thesevehiclesareoftenreferredtoashybridelectricvehicles（HEV’s）[25].Thesetwopowersourcesareusedinconjunctiontooptimizetheefficiencyandperformanceofthevehicle,whichinturnwillincreasefueleconomyandreducevehicleemissions,allwhiledeliveringtheperformancetheconsumerrequires.In1997,theToyotaPriusbecamethefirsthybridvehicleintroducedintomassproductioninJapan.Ittookanotherthreeyearsforthefirstmassproducedhybridvehicle,theHondaInsight,tobeintroducedintotheNorthAmericanmarket.ThereleaseoftheHondaInsightwascloselyfollowedbythereleaseoftheToyotaPriusinNorthAmericaacoupleofmonthslater[35].

Hybridelectricvehicleshavethedistinctadvantageofregenerativebraking.Theelectricmotor,normallyusedforpropulsion,canbeusedasageneratortoconvertkineticenergyofthevehiclebackintoelectricalenergyduringbraking,ratherthanwastingenergyasheat.ThiselectricalenergycanthenbestoredinanESS（e.g.batteriesorultracapacitors）andlaterreleasedtopropelthevehicleusingtheelectricmotor.

Thisprocessbecomesevenmoreimportantwhenconsideringtheenergydensityofbatteriescomparedtogasolineordieselfuel.Energydensityisdefinedastheamountofenergystoredinasystemperunitvolumeormass[44].Toillustratethispoint,4kilograms（4.5litres）ofgasolinewilltypicallygiveamotorvehiclearangeof50kilometres.Tostorethesameamountofusefulelectricenergyitrequiresaleadacidbatterywithamassofabout270kilograms[25].Thisdemonstratestheneedforefficientregenerativebrakingtostoreelectricalenergyduringdriving,whichinturnwillkeepthemassoftheenergystoragesystemdownandimprovetheperformanceandefficiencyoftheHEV.

1.2ResearchScope-RegenerativeBrakingSystems

Thescopeoftheresearchpresentedistocreatealowcostregenerativebrakingsystemtobeusedonfutureeconomicalhybridvehiclestostudytheinteractionbetweenregenerativeandmechanicalbrakingofthesystem.Thissystemshouldbeabletocontrolthecombinationofbothregenerativeandmechanicalbrakingtorquedependingondriverdemandandshouldbeabletodososmoothlyandsafely.Controllingtheregenerativebrakingtorquecanbedoneusingcontrolalgorithmsandvectorcontrolforinductionmotors.However,controllingthemechanicalbrakingtorqueindependentlyofthedriverpedalforce,whilemaintainingpropersafetyback-ups,provedtobemoreofachallenge.Toovercomethisprobl