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AnAnalysisandComparisonofOpenandClosedMobile
Platforms
Abstract
WiththereleaseofAndroid2.2FroyoandiPhone4,thewarbetweenopenandclosedmobileplatformstendstobefiercer.Beingtherepresentativesofthetwoparties,FroyoandiOS4arequitedifferentatsystemframework,newfeature,applicationmarketandintegrationmodel.AccordingtothecompanyspiritsofGoogleandApple,wedosomeanalysesandcomparisonsoftheabovepoints,explainthedifferencesofAndroidandiPhonefromtheshallowertothedeeper,thenconcludethecharacteristicsofopenandclosedmobileplatforms,aimingatprovidinganobjectivereferenceforresearchersofmobileplatforms,helpingthemseeclearerintomobileindustry.Asaresult,bothFroyoandiOS4havetheiradvantagesanddisadvantages,stilltheyarefarfrombeingperfect,there’sroomforfurtherimprovement.
Keywords:
Android;
iPhone;
Froyo;
iOS4;
smartphone;
mobileplatform
1.Introduction
Inrecentyears,thepopularityofsmartphonekeptgoingup.Moreandmoresmartphonesaresoldandalotofpeopleareembracingthem.Smartphonesbroughtgreatconveniencetousers,aswellcreatedopportunitiesforsmartphoneresearchers.That’stosay,thewidespreadofsmartphonesbenefitedbothsides.Atthesametime,developingofsmartphoneOSbecomesoneofthesmartestindustry.TobeasmartphoneOS,thesystemshould:
1.ProvideserviceslikeaPC.2.WorkwithaGPUforbettervisualeffects.3.AllowtheusertosurfonInternetfreely.Andapparently,there’realsosomeweaknesses:
1.Limitedbattery.2.PoorCPUperformanceagainstPCCPU.3.Smallstorage.4.TheuseofRAMmayleadstolossofdatawhenthephonerunsoutofbattery
Nowthe2giantsofsmartphoneOSareAndroidandiPhoneOS.Ononeside,AndroidisbasedonLinuxkernelandDalvikvirtualmachine,anditisopensourced.TheupperlayerofAndroidisJavabased,allowingdeveloperstodevelopAndroidapplicationswithGoogleSDKandselltheirsoftwareinAndroidMarket.Ontheotherside,iPhoneOS,whichbasesonUnixkernelandDarwinmodelbutisclosedsourced,evolvesfromMacOSXandisthedefaultOSofiPhone,iPodTouchandiPad.ObjectiveCbasedsoftwarecanruniniPhoneOS,andjustlikeAndroid,youcandevelopyourowniPhoneapplicationsanduploadthemontoApple’s‘AppStore’forsale[1][2][3][4].
BycomparingthelatestAndroidandiPhoneOS,Android2.2FroyoandiOS4,wecantakeaglimpseatthemainfeatureofopenandclosedsmartphoneOSs.Whilethe2OSsaredesignedinratherdifferentmentalityandfunctionality,it’salittleearlytotellwhichoneisbetter.
2.SmartPhoneOS
2.1.Android
ThesystemarchitectureofAndroidconsistsof5layers,whichareLinuxKernel,AndroidRuntime,Libraries,ApplicationFrameworkandApplications,frombottomtotop.
Androidprovidescoreserviceslikesecurity,memorymanagement,processmanagement,networkstackanddrivers,basingonLinux2.6.Beingtheabstractlayerbetweensoftwareandhardware,thelayerofLinuxKernelhidestheimplementingdetailsofhardwareandprovidesintegratedservicesforupperlayer.
DalvikvirtualmachineandJavacorelibrariesareincludedinthelayerofAndroidRuntime,providingmostfunctionsinJavacorelibraries.
ThelayerofLibrariescontainsaclassofC/C++librariesforAndroidcomponents.ThoselibrariesareintegratedbythelayerofApplicationFrameworkandthenprovidedtodevelopers.
ThelayerofApplicationFrameworkprovidesallkindsofmodulesforprograminitializationtosimplifytheuseofcomponents,allowingdevelopersdowhatevertheywantandprovideservicesforothersoftwares,underthelimitationofsecurity,ofcourse.
MainstreamapplicationsarelocatedinthelayerofApplication,includinge-mail,SMS,calendar,Googlemap,Webbrowserandcontacts.Usersinteractdirectlywiththislayer[1][2].
ThelatestversionofAndroid,Android2.2Froyo,putsonsomenewfeatures.Theyare:
1.SupportFlash10.1,enablesusertowatchflashonthephone.2.V8JavaScriptengineinwebbrowserleadstofasterInternetdatatransportation.3.Bigadvanceinnetworksharing.Youcanusethephoneasa3GNIC,orconvert3GsignaltoWi-Fi.4.Automaticallysoftwareupdate.5.SoftwarescanbesetupinSDcardtoextendfilestorages.
2.2.iPhone
iPhoneOSisconsistof4abstractlayers:
CoreOS,CoreService,MediaandCocoaTouchrespectively.
LayersofCoreOSandCoreServicearedesignedinClanguagetohandlecoresystemservices,enablingdeveloperstoperformfileaccess,socketscallinganddatahandling.CFNetworkandSQLitearealsopartsofthese2layers.
ThelayerofMedia,accordingtoitsname,thislayerisusedtocontrolvideoandaudio,aswellhandle2Dand3Dimages.TheOpenGL-ESQuratzpartofthelaye