英语新题型5Word文件下载.doc

英语新题型5Word文件下载.doc

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Practicetest5@#@SectionB@#@Directions:

@#@Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.@#@TheVirtualOffice@#@A）Twentyyearsfromnow,asmanyas25millionAmericans—nearly20percentoftheworkforce—willstretchtheboundariesbetweenhomeandworkfarbeyondthelinesdrawnnow.Technologyhasalreadysoacceleratedthepaceofchangeintheworkplacethatfewfuturistsarewillingtopredicthardnumbers.Butnearlyalltrend-trackersagreethatmuchofthenextcentury’sworkwillbedecentralized,doneathomeorinsatelliteofficesonascheduletailoredtofitworker’slivesandtheneedsoftheirfamilies.Eveninternationalboundariesmayblurastheeconomygoestrulyglobal.@#@B）Between1990and1998,telecommutingdoubledfromabout3percentto6percentoftheworkingpopulation—orabout8.2millionpeople.Thenumbersareexpectedtodoubleagaininfarlesstime,withasmuchas12percentofthepopulationtelecommutingbytheyear2005,saysCharlieGrantham,directoroftheInstitutefortheStudyofDistributedWorkinWindsor,California.@#@C）Wirelesscomputersandseamlesscommunicationssystemsarealreadyintheworksandfuelingthetrend.Thevideophoneisnotfaroff;@#@anadvancethatmanyfuturistsbelievewillmakeevenmorecompaniescomfortablewithemployeesworkingfromhome.“Now,wecommunicateatthelevelofradio,”saysGeraldCelente,authorofTrends2000anddirectorofTheTrendsResearchInstituteofRhinebeck,NewYork.E-mailandthetelephoneareprimitive,heargues,andmakepeoplefeelcutofffromco-workers.Butonceeveryonecanseeeachotheronthescreen,long-distancerelationshipswillfeelmoreintimate.@#@D）Whatabouttheoffice?

@#@“Today’sofficesareadirectdescendantofthefactory,”saysGilGordon,aconsultantbasedinMonmouthJunction,NewJersey,whohasspentnearlytwodecadesadvisingcompaniesonhowtoinstitutetelecommutingandmoreflexibleworkpatterns.“Theymaybebetterlighted,butthey’remuchthesame.”Still,Gordondoesnotthinktheofficebuildingwillvanishaltogether.Rather,theofficeof2020willbejustoneplaceforfocusedworkthatrequirestruecollaboration.Itwillalsobeakeysiteforsocializingandcementingtherelationshipsthatkeepabusinessgoing.@#@E）Physically,however,itmaylookquitedifferent.Thetypicalofficetodayallocatesabout80percentofthespacetoofficesandcubicles,withtherestgivenovertoformalmeetingrooms,Gordonsays.Thatwillsoonchangeto20percentforindividualworkstationsand40percentfor“touch-downspaces”tolandinbutnottomoveinto.WemaysitstillonlylongenoughtocheckE-mailandaccessdata.Gordonpredictstheremaining40percentofspacewillbedevotedtositesusedbyteamsandgroups,includingconferencerooms.Buttheywillnotlookliketoday’sdullconferencerooms.Instead,manywillbedesignedtopromoteconnectionandcreativity.@#@F）It’salsolikelythatcompanieswillsharespace.Insteadofmorehigh-riseofficetowers,therewillbemoremulti-usecenterssharedbyseveralfirms.“Youwillcallaheadandreserveaspaceandcheck-intime,andakindofconcierge（前台接待）willassignyouaspotandmakesurethat,asofsevena.m.thatday,yourphoneringsthere.”Withallthismobility,employeesmaylongforasenseofbelonging.Transitionalworkspacesmaybecomemoreindividualized,accordingtoGordon.“Alightedpanelmaydisplaypicturesofyourfamily,yourdogoryoursailboat.”FuturistLisaAldisert,aseniorconsultantwithaNewYork-basedtrendsanalysisfirm,suggeststhat,throughsophisticatedmicrochipapplications,arovingemployeewillbeablewiththeflickofaswitchtoalterwallcolorsandroomtemperaturetofithermood.@#@-7-@#@NewWorkRelationships@#@G）Thebenefitsofthesechanges,forbothworkersandcompanies,arealreadyevidenttomany.Compellingstudieshaveconvincedmanycompaniesthattelecommutingisaplusforthebottomline.Aetna,forexample,findsthatthepeoplewhoprocessitsclaimsproduceabout20percentmorewhentheyworkoutsideoftheoffice.Whatwillsomeothersideeffectsbe?

@#@Noonecanguessyetjusthowthelegalrelationshipsbetweenworkersandemployerswillchange.Manyworkersmaymovefromasalarysystemtoanindependentcontractorsystem.Ortheymaysignonwithdifferentclientsonaproject-by-projectbasis.Companiesmightcontinuetoprovidebenefitstomanyworkerstoassuretheirloyalty.Inanycase,companieswillstilltrytofindwaystofosterasenseofidentitywiththeirproductsandservices.T