企业员工激励案例研究-毕业论文外文文献翻译Word格式.docx

企业员工激励案例研究-毕业论文外文文献翻译Word格式.docx

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Abstract



EMPLOYEEMOTIVATIONINTHECOMPANY.STUDYCASE

Afirm’sperformanceisinadirectlinkwiththeresourcesitinvolves,namelymaterial,financialandhumanresources.Ifinthecaseofthematerialandfinancialresourcesthediagnosisandimprovementprocessesarerelativelysimple,thehumanresourcesimplymorecomplexissues.Thefirstconditionforafirmtoobtainperformance（intermsofhumanresources）isrecruitingstaffwithappropriatequalifications.Butconformingtothiscriteriondoesnotleadautomaticallytotheeliminationofhumanresourcesissues.Currently,thevastmajorityoffirmsemployqualifiedpersonnelwithexperienceinthefield,yetmanyofthemrecordaninadequateperformanceinhumanresources.Thisisduetostaffmotivation.Inadditiontoemployingqualifiedpersonnelwithexperienceitisnecessarythatitbemotivatedadequately.Butmotivationcanbeachievedthroughavarietyofforms,salarybonusesandbenefitssuchascellphones,cars,productsatpromotionalprices,programflexibilityandmore,allhavingadifferentimpact.

This article explores the effectiveness of various manifestations of

motivation,tryingtodetermineitsoptimumstructure.Forthispurposeananalysiswasmadeofafirmthatobtainedasignificantimprovementinperformance,whilemaintainingmaterialandfinancialresourcesconstant.Thecompanyappliesmanywaystomotivatestaff,soitwaspossibletoanalyzetheimpactofeachone.Followingthisanalysisanindicativehierarchyofmotivationalmethodswascreated.Theresultsofthisstudycanbeusedandadaptedinanycompaniesthatwanttoimprovethequalityoftheirhumanresources.

Keywords:

humanresources,motivationalmethods,personnel,motivation,motivationstructure

INTRODUCTION

Motivationisdefinedastheactionoforientingonesbehaviortoaspecificgoal.Therearealotoftheoriesthattrytoexplain,howandwhymotivationfunctionasisdoes.Thesimplestexplicationofhowmotivationfunctionsis“theneedtominimizephysicalpainandmaximizepleasure”,therearealotofneedsthatmayactasamotivator（e.g.eating,resting,oradesiredobject,hobby,goal,stateofbeing,ideal）.Othertheoriesattributemotivationtoless-apparentreasonssuchasaltruism,selfishness,morality,oravoidingmortality.（SeligmanM,1995）

INCENTIVETHEORY

Thistheoryisoneoftheoldest,anditstatesthatpresentingareward（tangibleorintangible）aftertheoccurrenceofacertainactionwillcausethebehaviortooccuragain.Thetheoryisbasedonthefactthatthesubjectsmindwillassociateapositivemeaningtothebehavior.（MaslowA.,1970）.

Thetimepassedsincetheoccurrenceoftheactionandthemomentwhenthesubjectispresentedwiththerewardisalsoveryimportant,ithasbeenshownthatforshotperiodstheimpactisgreaterthanforlongerones.Ifthiscycleofaction–rewardisrepeateditispossibletoconvertthatactionintoahabit.（Goldthorpe,J.H.andothers,1968）

Thistheorydepictsmotivationasaverysimpleprocess,butinrealitytherearealotoffactorsthatinfluenceit.Therearealotofmotivationaltechniquesanditishardtodecidewhichoneistheoptimumforagivensituation.（KerrS.,1995）

EMPLOYEEMOTIVATION

Oneofthemostimportantusesofmotivationisinacompany.Organizationsemployworkerstoperformcertaintasks;

theseworkersneedtobemotivatedinordertoperformtheirtaskswithmaximumproductivity.Thetraditionalmotivatorforaworkerishissalary,butinmanycasesthatisn`tenough.Companiesusealotinnovatingtacticstokeeptheirproductivityatamaximumlevel.Someofthemimplymaterialrewards,othersimplypsychologicalmotivators.（Weightman,J.,2008）

Analyzingfromtheperspectiveofthemotivationalfactorwecanspeakoftwotypesofmotivation:

•Intrinsicmotivationisgeneratedbyafactorthatcomesfromwithinthesubject（beliefs,feelingthatwhathedoesisimportant,modality,theperspectiveoflearningsomethingnew）.

•Extrinsicmotivationisgeneratedbyafactorthatcomesfromtheexterior（e.g.salary,materialrewards,goodreviews）.（Lepper,M.R.andothers,1973）

AveryimportanttheoryinthefieldofmotivationisMaslow`spyramid.InhisworkMaslowhascreatedahierarchyofneedsfeltbyanindividual（MaslowA.,1970）.AtthebaseofhispyramidMaslowputphysiologicalneeds;

foranindividualfoundundertheirconstraintmoneyisaperfectmotivator.ButaftertheseneedaresatisfiedtheindividualwilladvanceonMaslow`shierarchyandhisneedswillchange,thisimpliesthefactthatthemotivatorwillchangeaswell（Goldthorpe,J.H.andothers1968）.AthigherlevelsofMaslow`spyramid,areplacedneedsthataresatisfiedwithpraise,respect,recognitionandempowerment,moneyhavingasmallimpact.（Steinmetz,L.,1983）.

EXPERI