库存管理中英文对照外文翻译文献Word格式.docx

库存管理中英文对照外文翻译文献Word格式.docx

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国外作者：

PK Krishnadevarajan，S Balasubramanian，N Kannan，VRavichandran

文献出处：

《InternationalJournalofManagement》,2016,7

（1）:

85-93字数统计：

英文3228单词，17138字符；

中文5509汉字

外文文献：

AMulti-CriteriaDecisionFrameworkforInventory

Management

AbstractInventorymanagementisaprocess/practicethateverycompanyundertakes.Mostcompaniesfailtoapplyacomprehensivesetofcriteriatoranktheirproducts/items.Thecriteriaaretoofeworsubjectiveinnature.Inventoryisrequiredtostayinbusinessandmeetcustomerneeds.Ifitisnotdonerightitcausesdeteriorationincustomerserviceandcouldleadtodamagestobothcustomerandsupplierrelationsandeventuallycausebusinessbreakdown.Asimplemulti-criteriadrivenholisticframeworkdevelopedbyindustryinputiscriticaltothesuccessofinventorymanagement.AninventorymanagementframeworkusingFIVEmain-criteriacategories（revenue,customerservice,profitability,growth,risk）,21（between3and6ineachcategory）metricsand4ranks（A,B,C,D）ispresentedinthispapertoassistcompanieswiththeirinventorymanagementprocess.Theframeworkthatispresentedhasbeendevelopedthroughliteraturereview,surveys,interviewsandfocus

groupswithseveralindustryowners,inventorymanagersandbusinessmanagers.TheinteractionwithcompaniesledtoasetofTHREEcriticalquestions:

1.Isthereacomprehensiveinventorymanagementframework?

2.Whatinventorymetricsshouldbetrackedormonitoredonaroutinebasis?

3.Howdoimplementamulti-criteriainventoryclassification?

Thispaperisanattempttoanswerthesecriticalquestionsandprovideaframeworkthatisdevelopedbybringingtogetherexistingliteratureavailableandinput/findingsfromindustryexecutivesintheareaofinventorymanagement.

Keywords:

Inventory,InventoryManagement,InventoryClassification,InventoryRanking,Multi-CriteriaInventoryManagement.

1.INTRODUCTION

Inventoryisacriticalassetandresourcethatishandledextensivelybymostbusinesses.Managinginventoryeffectivelyhasbeensomethingthateverycompanystrivesfor;

however,itisalsoanareawherecompaniesoftenhavefailedandstillcontinuetofail.Companieshandlemultipleitems/productsbuttreatallitemsequallybecausethebusinessobjectiveistoservethecustomer.Asaresulttheyenduphavingexcessinventoryofthewrongitems.Asbusinessesexpandtherearesomanyproductsininventoryandthecompanyendsuphavingmorestockinginventoryforeachproductorendupinvestingmoreinthewronginventory.Item/inventorystratificationistheprocessofrankingitemsbasedonrelevantfactorsapplicabletothebusinessenvironment.AccordingtoPradipKumarKrishnadevarajan,GunasekaranS.,LawrenceF.B.andRaoB（2015）andPradipKumarKrishnadevarajan,SBalasubramanianandNKannan（2015）youshouldclassifyitemsintoacertainnumberofcategories（typicallylessthanfive）sothatmanagingthemday-to-daydoesnotbecomeunwieldy.Thisisespeciallyneededwhenhandlingseveralhundredsor

thousandsofitems,whereidentifyingandfocusingonthemostcriticalitemsisofutmostimportancetoallowresourcestobeusedeffectivelyandefficiently.Thisstratificationprocessistypicallydoneataphysicallocationlevel（atbranchesordistributioncenters）acrosstheentirecompany,althoughitcouldbeappliedathigherlevels（regionsortheentirecompany）.Theitemstratificationprocessisusuallynotwell-definedorgivendueimportance,anditoftengetsover-simplified.Theinventorystratificationprocessshouldaddressseveralmetricsandamulti-criteriaapproachmustbetakenforeffectiveinventorymanagement.Thispaperattemptstopresentacomprehensiveframeworkthatcouldassistcompaniesinchoosingtherightsetofmetricstoperforminventoryrankingfortheirbusiness.

2.FRAMEWORKDEVELOPMENT

Theprocessofinventoryclassificationactuallybeginsbydevelopingorchoosingaframeworkthatsuitsthecompany’svisionandgoals.Thedevelopmentprocessoftheproposedinventoryframeworkprocesstookplaceintwostages.Thefirststagewastolookatexistingliteraturetounderstandthedifferentfactors/criteriathatarebeingusedforinventoryevaluationbyvariousindustries/businesses.Thesecondstagewasinteractionwithcompaniestogatherinput,understandmetricsusedandchallengesfacedinexecutingtheinventoryclassificationprocess.

2.1.LiteratureReview

（Pareto,1906）observedthatabout20%ofthepopulationofacountryhasabout80%ofitswealth（alsoknownasthe80-20rule）.Thisruleholdstrueforitemssoldbyafirm:

about20%ofitemsaccountforabout80%ofafirm’srevenue.

（FloresandWhybark,1987）presentaninventoryrankingmodeldrivenbycriticalityanddolla