英语演讲 Unit 9 Speaking to PersuadePPT文件格式下载.pptx

英语演讲 Unit 9 Speaking to PersuadePPT文件格式下载.pptx

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PublicSpeakingUnit9SpeakingtoPersuade1.Theultimategoalofapersuasivespeechistocreate,reinforce,orchangeyouraudiencemembersbeliefsoractions.Knowinghowtoconstructaneffectivepersuasivespeechwillbenefitanyonewhoistryingtogetpeopletoagreewithyou,getpeopletotakeaparticularaction,oraccomplishchangeofanysort.Unit9SpeakingtoPersuadeUnit9SpeakingtoPersuade2.Beforeyouselectatopic,youmustrealizethatyourwillbetryingto“persuade”ratherthan“inform”.Herearethedistinctions:

@#@*WhenyougiveapersuasivespeechWhenyougiveaninformativespeech,youarealeader.,youareateacher.*Apersuasivespeechaskstheaudiencetochooseanoption.Aninformativespeechsimplyshowsandclarifiesoptions.*Apersuasivespeechaskstheaudienceforapledgetodosomething.Aninformativespeechmaysimilarlyaskforfromtheaudience;@#@however,itissignificantlycommitmentsmaller.*Anyregularpublicspeakerorpublicrelationsprofessionalwilltellyouthatapersuasivespeechinvolvesparticularethicalobligations.Unit9SpeakingtoPersuade3.Next,youneedtoselectatopic.Mostpersuasivespeechtextbookswilldividetopicsintothreedifferentcategories.*Thefirstinvolvesquestionsof“policy”.*Thesecondcategoryiswhenthepersuasivespeechfocusesonquestionsof“value”.*Thefinalcategoryispersuasivespeechesthatfocusonquestionsof“fact”.Unit9SpeakingtoPersuade4.Onceyoudecideonyourspeechtopicandcategory,youmustthendevelopyourspecificpurpose.Dependingonyourcoursestructureandtheoreticalperspective,yourspecificpurposewilleitherbe“speaker-centered”or“audienceIfitisspeaker-centered,-centered”.thenyourspecificpurposewillusuallybeginas,“Topersuademyaudienceabout.”incontrasttoanaudience-centeredspeechwhichtypicallybegins,“Attheendofmyspeech,Iwantmyaudienceto.”Unit9SpeakingtoPersuade5.Onceyoudecidedonyourtopic,yournextjobistodecideonwhichpersuasivespeechorganizationyouwilluse.Thetwomostpopularorganizationalpatternsamongcollegeprofessorsare:

@#@“TheProblem-Cause-Solution”andthe“MonroesMotivatedSequence”patterns.TheMonroeMotivatedSequencehasfiveparts:

@#@Attention,Need,Satisfaction,Visualization,andAction.WiththeMonroeMotivatedSequencepattern,the“Attention”willbeyourintroduction.Yourthreemainpointswillbe:

@#@

（1）Need,

（2）Satisfaction,（3）Visualization.Yourconclusionwillbeyourcallof“Action”.Unit9SpeakingtoPersuade6.Afteryouhavedecidedonyourorganizationalpattern,youshouldalwaysutilizeexternalsourcesinordertoback-upyourcentralideaandmainpoints.Therearethreetypesofsupportingmaterial:

@#@examples,statistics,andtestimony.Also,makesureyourmaterialisaccurate,recent,andfreeofbias.Unit9SpeakingtoPersuade7.Remembertoincludeallofthefollowingpartsinyouroutline:

@#@Attention-getter,establishmentofethos,previewofwhatyouwilltalkabout,mainpointsandtheirsubpoints,summaryinconclusion,memorableendingaswellasthetransitionsyouwillusetomovefromtopictotopic.Unit9SpeakingtoPersuadeRememberthateachsupportingparagraphneedstocontain:

@#@

（1）atopicsentence;@#@

（2）supportingsentenceswithexamples,analogies,statistics,testimonies,etc.;@#@（3）transitionalsentencesattheendoftheparagraph;@#@and（4）acoherentandlogicalstructurethatallowsyouraudiencetoeffortlesslyfollowyourentirespeechandseehowyourmainpoints（supportingparagraphs）supportyourthesis/centralidea.Unit9SpeakingtoPersuadeTips&@#@WarningsRememberthatwithapersuasivespeech,youaretryingtotalkyouraudienceintotakinganactionoradoptabelief.Writeyouroutlineinparagraphform.Rememberthatyoushouldbeabletorelateeachparagraphtoyourthesis/centralidea.Lookforsupportingmaterialthatwillbackupyourgeneralstatements.Usespecificexamplestosupportyourideas.Toeffectivelyusestatistics:

@#@

（1）identifythesourceofyourstatistics;@#@

（2）roundoffyourstatistics;@#@（3）combinestatisticswithmoretangibleexamples;@#@and（4）usevisualaids.Unit9SpeakingtoPersuadeToeffectivelyusesomeonestestimony:

@#@

（1）onlyusequalifiedsources;@#@

（2）accuratelyquoteordojusticewhenyouparaphrase;@#@and（3）alwaysidentifyboththesourceandthesourcesqualifications.Makesureyouincludesourcesinyourspeech.Makesureyourspeechisnottooabstract.Avoidexpertlanguage.Unit9SpeakingtoPersuade