外文文献翻译空气能热泵热水器2018Word格式文档下载.docx

外文文献翻译空气能热泵热水器2018Word格式文档下载.docx

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文献出处：

EnergyandBuildings，2018, 

165（15）：

141-149

译文字数：

3000多字

原文

Experimentalandsimulationstudiesonairsourceheatpumpwaterheaterforyear-roundapplicationsinCanada

AfarinAmirirad,RakeshKumar,Alan 

Fung,Wey 

Leong

Abstract

TheperformanceofanewtypeofAirSourceHeatPumpWaterHeater（ASHPWH）hasbeeninvestigated.ASHPWHhasabetterperformancethantheconventionalelectricwaterheaterifitisinstalledinahotterclimate.However,theconditionsaredifferentinCanada,whereoutsideairtemperatureiswellbelowthefreezingpointforseveralmonths,andthatdiminishesthewaterheatingcapacityofthesesystemssignificantly.Ontheotherhand,ifitisinstalledintheindoorspace（whichisthecaseofthisresearch）,thepresenceofthesysteminthehouseaffectsthehouseheatingandcoolingloads.Therefore,anunderstandingofenergyperformanceofthistypeswaterheatersiscriticaltojustifytheiruseintheCanadianhouses.Theresearchmethodologyinvolved,installationoftheASHPWHunitinanArchetypeSustainableHouse（ASH）,reconfigurationofsomepartsofhouseplumbingsystem,buildsensorsanddataacquisitionsystemtocollectreal-timeexperimentaldata,developedandvalidatedTRNSYSmodels.Furthermore,thevalidatedmodelswereappliedtoevaluatetheperformanceoftheunittomeettheyear-roundhotwaterdemandandestablisheditssignificancewithrespecttotheconventionalelectricwaterheater.ItwasconcludedthatthetemperatureandhumidityofsurroundingairproducedaconsiderableimpactontheheatingcapacityoftheASHPWH.Thebestcoefficientofperformance（COP）wasobtainedat20°

Cand35%RHfromthechosensetsofairconditions.Theoutletwatertemperaturefluctuatesintherangeof49.5°

C 

to55.9°

C（whilethesetpointtemperaturewastakenat54°

C）.Thesystemwillincreasethecombinedspaceheatingandcoolingelectricityconsumptionsannuallyby3%,ontheotherhand,areductionof55%ofwaterheaterrelatedannualelectricityconsumptionwasnotedrelativetotheconventionalelectricwaterheater.

Keywords:

Airsourceheatpumpwaterheater, 

Sustainablehouse, 

Experimentaldata, 

Coefficientofperformance, 

TRNSYSsimulation, 

Energysaving

1. 

Introduction

Waterheatingaccountsforabouttwentypercentof 

energyconsumption 

intheCanadiandomesticsector,anditisthesecondbiggestcontributortotheGHGemissionsafterspaceheating.Effortshavebeenmadetoimprovetheefficiencyofthewaterheatingprocessbyintroducingseveralnewandinnovativeprocesses/technologies,includingairsource 

heatpump 

waterheater（ASHPWH）.ASHPWHisamechanicalsystemdrivenbyelectricalenergythatextractsheatfromthesurroundingair（dependingonthelocationofthesystem）andtransfersittothewaterinthetank.Thesewaterheatersareconsideredcompact（astheheatpumpisintegratedwith 

waterstorage 

tank）,safe, 

environment-friendly,andarecapableofoperatingyear-roundalongwithconsistentlyproducingthesamevolumeofhotwaterwithrelativelyloweroperatingcost.ItwasstatedthatASHPWHsystemsare200%–250%moreenergyefficientthanthestandardelectricwaterheaters,dependingontheairtemperature.ThelargestenvironmentalgaincanbepredictedofthissystemintermsofreductionintheGHGemissions.ASHPWHsarenormallyusedinthemoderatetohotterclimateswherespaceheatingisminimumornone.Insuchconditions,thesewaterheatersareinstalledintheunconditionedspaceorsimplyoutsidethehouse,andprovideexcellentperformance.

Ontheotherhand,theclimaticconditionsaredifferentinCanada,whereforalargepartoftheyearspaceheatingisneeded,andtemperatureof 

ambientair 

iswellbelowthefreezingtemperatureforseveralmonths.IfASHPWHisinstalledinunconditionedspaceoroutsideofthehouseincolderconditions,ASHPWHundergoesaconsiderabledropinitsperformanceandmayfaceachallengetomaintainthewatertemperatureinthestoragetankatover55 

°

C（whichisasafetyrequirementaspercodeinthemanymunicipalities）. 

Indoorair 

temperatureinthemostCanadianhousesaremaintainedbythecentralheatingsystem（basedonnaturalgas, 

propane 

orelectricity）,andthepresenceofASHPWHunitinsidethehouse,whichisconsideredthemostviableoptioninCanada,mightaffecttheheatingandcoolingloadsofthehouse.ThecharacterizationoftheenergyperformanceofASHPWHiscrucialtoassessthepotentialsofthis 

typewater 

heaterintheCanadianhouses.

Inthisstudy,ASHPWHenergyperformancewasestablishedbysystematicexperimentalandsimulationsstudies.Asmentionedearlier,thesystemwasinstalledinthebasementofasemi-detachedArchetypeSustainableHouse（ASH）,andtheheatisextractedfromtheairofthebasement.Theresearch