简单句的六种基本结构概要Word文档下载推荐.docx
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翻译下列句子
⏹高考前同学们常常学习到深夜.
⏹我等你等了很久了.
⏹玻璃很容易碎.
⏹她听了这消息好象很平静.
⏹他太累了,刚躺下就睡着了.
⏹这家工厂没周生产一千辆小汽车.
⏹请你把那本书递给我好吗?
⏹我去找个人来帮你修理电脑.
⏹我们感到我们的心在激烈的跳动.
⏹有很多中国学生在国外留学.
Keys
⏹Studentsoftenworkdeepintonightbeforetheentranceexam.
⏹Ihavebeenwaitingforyouforalongtime.
⏹Glassbreakseasily.
⏹Sheappearedquitecalmatthenews.
⏹Hewassotiredthathefellasleepthemomenthewenttobed.
⏹Thisfactoryproduces1,000carsaweek.
⏹Willyoupleasepassmethebook?
⏹I’llgetsomeonetorepairthecomputer.
⏹Wecouldfeelourheartsbeatingfast.
⏹TherearemanyChinesestudentsstudyingabroad.
简单句的种类
⏹根据使用目的,句子可分为:
⏹陈述句
⏹疑问句
⏹祁使句
⏹感叹句
陈述句
要特别注意陈述句的否定结构
1.否定转移:
主句谓语动词是think,expect,believe,suppose,guess,imagine等表“认为,猜想”的动词时,宾语从句的否定习惯上前移到主句谓语上.
eg.Idon’tthinkIknowyou.
Shedoesn’tbelieveyouarewrong.
注意:
hope不在此列.
误:
Idon’thopeitwillrain.
正:
Ihopeitwon’train.
not…until的句型
非强调句型:
Idon’tknowhisnameuntilyesterday.
强调句型:
ItwasnotuntilyesterdaythatIknewhisname.
倒装句:
NotuntilyesterdaydidIknowhisname.
有时对状语的否定也移到谓语上.
翻译:
我今天觉得不舒服.
I’mfeelingnotwelltoday.
I’mnotfeelingwelltoday.
2.含有否定意义的副词
句中含有never,seldom,hardly,scarcely,rarely,barely时,应视为否定句.
Icouldhardlyseeanything.
Herarelycomestoseeme.
有些句子在结构上属于肯定式,但含有否定意义的词
⏹NoneofushasbeentoBeijing.(否定的主语)
⏹Isawnothinginthedarkness.(否定的宾语)
⏹Hebeggedtheteachernottopunishhim.(否定的宾补)
⏹Wecouldfindhernowhere.(否定的状语)
3.部分否定
⏹all,both,either,every,everybody,everyday,everywhere,always与not连用时,表示部分否定.
⏹表示全部否定要用no,neither,none,nobody,nothing,never,nowhere等词.
肯定:
Alltheantsgooutforfood.
⏹部分否定:
Notalltheantsgooutforfood.或:
Alltheantsdon’tgooutforfood.
⏹全部否定:
Noneoftheantsgooutforfood.或:
Notanyoftheantsgooutforfood.
4.双重否定
without与not,noone,nobody,never,cannot等否定词连用,意为‘无(没有)…不’,‘每…必’.
Noonecanseethefilmwithoutbeingmovedtotears.人们看了这部电影无不为之感动得流泪.
Theynevermeetwithoutquarrelling.他们每次见面必要吵架.
其他双重否定结构
Heisnotunfitforhisjob.他不是不称职.
ThereisnobobyherewhoisnotaLeaguemember.这里人人都是团员.
Onecan’tlearnaforeignlanguageunlesshestudieshard.除非用功,否则学不好外语.
Hecouldn’thelplaughing.他禁不住大笑起来.
5.强调肯定意义的否定结构
⏹这些结构有cannot…too(over,enough,more)
⏹Youcannotbetoocareful.或Youcannotbeovercareful.Youcannotbecarefulenough.
⏹Wecannotpraisehimtoomuch.
⏹---Howareyoutoday?
---Couldn’tbebetter.
⏹Icouldn’tagreewithyoumore.
6.具有否定意义的肯定结构
⏹Heistooyoungtogotoschool.
⏹Theproblemisfarfrombeingsettled.
⏹ItisthelastthingIwanttodo.
⏹Suchaproblemisbeyond(above)me.
⏹Ifailedtounderstandthemeaningofthesentence.
⏹IthasbeentwomonthssinceIsmoked.
疑问句
⏹一般疑问句
⏹特殊疑问句
⏹选择疑问句
⏹反意疑问句
特殊的反意疑问句结构
1.Onecan’tbetoosure,__________?
2.Tomseldomgoestothecinema,_______?
3.Themanisunfitforhisjob,__________?
4.Everyoneknowsme,____________?
5.Noonewashurtintheaccident,_________?
6.Idon’tthinkhecanspeakJapanese,_________?
7.Youdon’tbelieveshewillcome,___________?
8.Whatyouneedismorepractice,___________?
1.Onecan’tbetoosure,canone/he?
2.Tomseldomgoestothecinema,doeshe?
3.Themanisunfitforhisjob,isn’the?
4.Everyoneknowsme,doesn’the/don’tthey?
5.Noonewashurtintheaccident,werethey?
6.Idon’tthinkhecanspeakJapanese,canhe?
7.Youdon’tbelieveshewillcome,doyou?
8.Whatyouneedismorepractice,isn’tit?
9.Youneedn’tdothatwhenyourmotherishere,__________?
10.Heisadoctorbuthiswifeisateacher,___________?
11.Pleaseopenthewindow,___________?
12.Let’stoforawalk,___________?
13.Letusknowifyoucangowithus,_________?
14.Letmehaveanothertry,__________?
15.Letmehelpyou,_____________?
16.Iwishtogohome,___________?
9.Youneedn’tdothatwhenyourmotherishere,needyou?
10.Heisadoctorbuthiswifeisateacher,isn’tshe?
11.Pleaseopenthewindow,will/wouldyou?
12.Let’sgoforawalk,shallwe?
13.Letusknowifyoucangowithus,willyou?
14.Letmehaveanothertry,willyou?
15.Letmehelpyou,mayI?
16.Iwishtogohome,mayI?
17.Yourfathermustbeadoctor,_______?
18.Youmustgohomerightnow,______?
19.Youmustn’tsmokehere,_________?
20.Youmusthavemetheryesterday,_______?
21.Youmusthaveseenthefilmmanytimes,____________?
陈述部分用SO开头,附加部分采用“同向”疑问.
⏹Soyouaregettingmarried,areyou?
⏹Soyou