中考英语阅读理解培优题经典.docx
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中考英语阅读理解培优题经典
2020-2021年中考英语阅读理解培优题经典
一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析）
1．根据短文内容出选择正确答案。
A
Afarmerhadabrotherintownwhowasagardener,andhisbrotherhadagardenfullofthefinestfruittrees.Sohisskillandhisbeautifultreeswerefamouseverywhere.Onedaythefarmerwentintothetowntovisithisbrother,andwassurprisedatthetreesthatgrewquitewell.
"Look,mybrother,"saidthegardener."Iwillgiveyouanappletree,thebestfrommygarden,andyou,andyourchildren,andyourchildren'schildrenwillenjoyit."
Thenthegardenercalledhisworkmenandorderedthemtotakeupthetreeandcarryittohisbrother'sfarm.Theydidso,andthenextmorningthefarmerbegantowonderwhereheshouldplantit.
"IfIplantitonthehill,"hesaidtohimself,"thewindmightcatchitandshakedownthedeliciousfruitbeforeitisripe.IfIplantitclosetotheroad,passersbywillseeitandtakeawaytheapples--butifIplantittoonearthedoorofmyhouse,mychildrenmaypickthefruit."So,afterhehadthoughtthematterover,heplantedthetreebehindhisbarn（谷仓）.
Timepassed,butthetreehadnofruitthefirstyear,northesecond-thenthefarmercalledhisbrother.Whenthegardenercame,thefarmersaidangrily,"Youhavecheatedme,andgivenmeauselesstreeinsteadofafruitfulone.Thisisthethirdyearandstillitbringsoutnothingbutleaves!
"
Thegardenerlaughedandsaid,"Seewherethetreewasplanted,ithasnosunorwarmth.Howcouldyouexpectflowersandfruit?
"
（1）Fromthepassage,wecanseethefarmerplantedtheappletree
A. behindhisbarn
B. onthehill
C. closetotheroad
D. nearhishouse
（2）Theunderlinedword"ripe"means"__________"inChinese.
A. 挂果 B. 成熟 C. 开花 D. 成长
（3）WhatisNOTmentionedinthefifthparagraph?
A. Whathappenedtotheappletree. B. Whythefarmergotangrywithhisbrother.
C. Whatkindofmanthefarmerwas.
D. Whythefarmercalledhisbrother.
（4）WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?
A. Thefarmer'sbrotherhadagardenfullofthefinestfruittrees.
B. Thegardenergavehisbrotherthebestappletreefromhisgarden.
C. Noflowers,fruitorleaveswereontheappletree.
D. Thefarmerthoughthisbrothergavehimauselesstree.
（5）Whatdoyouknowfromtheendofthestory?
A. Thefarmermovedthetreetotheroadside.
B. Thegardenertookthetreetotheroadside.
C. Thetreewillhavenofruitanymore.
D. Thegardenertaughtthefarmeralesson.
【答案】
（1）A
（2）B
（3）C
（4）C
（5）D
【解析】【分析】农民从城里的园丁那里移植了一棵苹果树，把它种在他的谷仓后面，三年了，果树没有长出像园丁说的那样的果子。
这是为什么呢？
园丁来了一看恍然大悟。
（1）细节理解。
根据文章第四段So,afterhehadthoughtthematterover,heplantedthetreebehindhisbarn（谷仓）.可知选A。
（2）词义猜测。
句意：
“如果我把它种在山上，在果实成熟前大风会吹果树，把可口的果实晃掉。
”因此选B。
（3）细节理解。
根据第五段可知，两年树没有结果实；农民很生气，给哥哥打电话说他哥哥骗他。
没有提到农民是怎么样一个人，故选C。
（4）细节理解。
根据第五段Thisisthethirdyearandstillitbringsoutnothingbutleaves!
可知树没有开花结果，但是长有叶子。
故选C。
（5）推理判断。
根据最后一段，园丁告诉农民树不结果的原因，故选D，给他上了一课。
【点评】阅读理解考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词，在文章中寻找答案。
2．根据短文内容选择正确答案。
B
“Doyoubelieveinlifeafterdeath?
”Jack'sbossaskedJack.
“Yes,Sir.”
“Well,then,thatmakeseverythingjustfine,”thebosswenton.“Aboutanhourafteryouleftyesterdaytogotoyourgrandfather'sfuneral（葬礼）,hedroppedintoseeyou.”
（1）WhatdoyouthinkJackdidthedaybefore?
A. Heattendedhisgrandfather'sfuneral.
B. Hedidnothingspecialandheworkedasusual.
C. Hemeanttoattendafuneralbutdidn't.
D. Hetoldalietogetthedayoff.
（2）WhatdoyouguessJack'sgrandfatherwasdoingthedaybefore?
A. Hehadbeendeadforsomedaysbutsuddenlycametolifeagain.
B. Hewasthoughttobedeadbutinfactwellandalive.
C. Hewasdoinghisusualbusiness.
D. HelearnedthatJackhadcheatedhisbossandcametoseehim.
（3）Whenthebosssaid,"Thatmakeseverythingjustfine",he_______.
A. meanthewasgladthatJack’sgrandfatherwasstillalive
B. was,infact,tellingJackthathehadbeenfoundout
C. was,infact,tellingJackthateverythingwasOK
D. meanthewasgladthatJackbelievedinlifeafterdeath
【答案】
（1）D
（2）C
（3）B
【解析】【分析】这是一个笑话，Jack借口参加祖父的葬礼而请假刚离开不久，他的祖父来看他。
老板借用人死后后灵魂来揭穿Jack的谎言。
（1）推理判断。
根据老板的话Aboutanhourafteryouleftyesterdaytogotoyourgrandfather’sfuneral（葬礼）,hedroppedintoseeyou.可知他撒了谎，故选D。
（2）推理判断。
从对话中可知Jack的祖父是顺便来看他，dropin顺便走访。
故选C。
（3）推理判断。
老板这样说的意思是他在告诉Jack这样就能解释“你的祖父来看你”了，也就是告诉Jack他知道Jack说谎了。
故选B。
【点评】故事类阅读要紧扣故事的时间线索，人物间的关系，故事的发展和结局，点明的主旨等信息。
答题时注意问题中的关键词在文章中的准确定位，根据关键词查找信息，切忌主观臆断，凭感觉做题
3．阅读理解
Humanshavelearntmanythingsfromnature.Thesethingshavehelpedusinourdailylife.Thelatestthingisself-repairingclothing.
Scientistshavedevelopedaspecialwayforclothingtorepairripsandtearsbyitself,withouttheneedforsewing.Itworkswithmaterialssuchascotton,linenandwool.ThescientistsarefromtheNavalResearchOfficeandPennsylvaniaStateUniversityintheUSA.ScientistsDrWalterDressickandDrMelikDemirellookedathowasquidcanclingontothingssowell.Theresearchteamfoundaproteinintheringsofteeththatcoverthesuckersonasquid.Theproteinissimilartotheonefoundinthesilkthatspidersusetomakespiderwebs.Itisverystrongandelastic.
Thenewproteinhasbeendevelopedaspartofacoating,whichisputonclothes.Whenthecoatingisdippedinwater,theareaaroundtheriportearjoinstogetherinlessthanaminute.Thiscouldhelpclotheslastlongerandsavemoneyforus.Itcouldalsobeusefulformilitaryandsurvivalclothes.Peoplelikesoldiersandmountaineerswouldbesaferiftheyhadclothesthatcouldberepairedquicklyandeasily.ProfessorDemirelspokeabouttheinvention.Hesaid,"Thecoatingsarethin,lessthanamicron,sotheywouldn'tbenoticedineverydaywear."Thenheadded,"Eventhin,theyincreasetheoverallstrengthofthematerial.Forthefirsttime,wearemakingself-healingtextiles."
（1）Fromwhathavehumanslearntalot？
A. Books.
B. Nature.
C. Scientists.
D. Clothing.
（2）WhatisNOTneededfortheself-repairingclothestofixthemselves？
A. Tears.
B. Cotton.
C. Sewing.
D. Glue.
（3）What'stheChinesemeaningoftheunderlinedwords"issimilarto"？
A. 与……相同 B. 与……不同 C. 与……相似 D. 与……一样
（4）Thepassageisabout .
A. thenewprotein B. thecoating C. humans D. thespider
【答案】
（1）B
（2）C
（3）C
（4）A
【解析】【分析】主要讲了最新的发明——自我修复衣服。
（1）细节题。
根据Humanshavelearntmanythingsfromnature.人类已经从大自然里学了许多东西，故选B。
（2）细节题。
根据Scientistshavedevelopedaspecialwayforclothingtorepairripsandtearsbyitself,withouttheneedforsewing.可知是不需要缝，故选C。
（3）细节题。
根据句子可知这种蛋白质与蜘蛛用来制作蜘蛛网的丝中的蛋白质相似。
besimilarto，和……相似，故选C。
（4）细节题。
根据Thenewproteinhasbeendevelopedaspartofacoating，可知主要讲了新型蛋白质，故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
4．阅读理解
ThevillageofHenglywasgoingtohavetheBeanOlympics.Itwasacompetitiontoseewhichkindofbeanwouldgrowthefastestandthetallest.Everybodywasexcited.Theycouldn'twaittoshowtheirbestplants.
Cassieknewclearlywhichbeanshewouldchooseforthecompetition,forherfamilyhadplantedaspecial"familybean".Itwasaflatbeanthathergreat-grandparentshadbroughtfromSicily.Hergrandmotherplantedthebeanseveryyearandservedthematmanymeals.Cassiewassuretheywouldbeunbeatablebeans.
However,theplandidnotworkoutthatway.AlthoughCassie'sbeanplantslookedhealthywithbeautifulpurpleflowers,theydidnotgrowasfastorclimbashighasanyofherneighbours.Thesepeoplechosebeansfromseed（种子）shops.Theirbeanshadwonderfulnameslike"Rocket"or"TopCrop".Onetypewasevennamed"King'sBean".ThatwasthebeanIvanplanted,andhisplantsclimbedalmosttothetopofthefence.Cassie'splantswerejustnearthemiddleofthefence.
Onthedayofthecompetition,Cassiewasdisappointedthatherbeanswereinlastplace.Ivanlaughedatherbeansandsaidshecouldwinaprizefortheslowest,shortestbean.
Theorganizer,MrWilliams,handedoutmedalsforthefastest-growingandthetallestbeanplants."Nowthereremainsonlyonefinaltest,anditisjustasimportant:
thetastetest."
MrWilliamscookedthebeansfromeachcompetitorandchosefiveexperiencedvillagersasjudges（裁判）.
Cassiewasnervous.Wouldherfamilybeansloseanothertime？
Afterthejudgestastedthebeans,MrWilliamscountedtheresults.
"Wehaveawinner,"MrWilliamsannounced."ThejudgesallagreethatCassie'sbeansarethewinner."
Cassiegrinnedatthisunexpectedresult.Manyofherneighbours,evenIvanaskedforherseeds.Theywereallinfavourofthegood-tastingbeanseventhoughtheydidn'tgrowfastorverytall.
（1）Cassie'sbeanswerefrom .
A. theorganizer
B. seedshops
C. herneighbours
D. herfamily
（2）Cassiewontheprizefor.
A. thetallestbeans
B. themostdeliciousbeans
C. themostbeautifulbeans
D. thefastest-growingbeans
（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"grinned"probablymeaninthepassage？
A. smiledwidely.
B. leftsilently.
C. noddedquickly.
D. sangsadly.
（4）Wha
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