英美报刊选读考试材料.docx
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英美报刊选读考试材料
UnitOneChina
LessononeAnAmericaninBeijing(中国经济迅猛发展:
留学生蜂拥而至)
新闻写作何谓News?
新闻写作何谓Journalese?
UnitTwoUnitedStates(Ⅰ)
LessonFiveTheEvolutionWars(宗教挑战科学)
如何读懂标题(Ⅰ)(Ⅱ)
UnitThreeUnitedStates(Ⅱ)
LessonTenTheNewDreamIsn’tAmerican(美国梦不再)
导语(Lead)
报刊语言主要特点(Ⅰ)(Ⅱ)
UnitFourUnitedStates(Ⅲ)
LessonTwelvePathoftheStorm(暴风骤雨,仕途不保)
读报知识Lobby和LobbyFirm
UnitFiveUSForeignPolicy
LessonEighteenARaceWeCanAllWin(中国发展:
中美双赢的竞赛)
常见借喻词和提喻词(Ⅰ)(Ⅱ)常见委婉语
UnitSixWorldAffairs
LessonNineteen
WhytheMonarchyMustStay
(君主制的废留之争)
读报工具书
Explanation
focusonbackgroundinformation,languagedifficulties,culturaldifficulties,textualanalysisandcomment.
After-classreading
fastreading,searchforkeywords,
generalideasandtopics.
summaryandcomments
presentation
groupdiscussion
Evaluation
finalscore=(performance+assignment+attendance)+exam
Attendclassontime,nominationatrandom.
Newsreport(bighotinrecent).
Presentationofnewtextforself-study.
Readnewspapersormagazines,makesummaryandcommentsonweeklynews.(<=1)
Finishassignmentontime.
Formgroupsbyyourselves.(5-6)
References:
Doyoulikewatchingorlisteningtonewsreport?
Howdoyoualwayskeepcontactwithnews?
Howmuchdoyouknowaboutnews?
IntroductionofNews
InChina’sacademiccircles:
Newsisthereportingofrecentevents.
1)Newsisafreshreportofevents,factsoropinionsthatpeopledidnotknowbeforetheyreadyourstory.
2)Newsisanythingtimelythatinterestsanumberofpersons,andthebestnewsisthatwhichhasthegreatestinterestofthegreatestnumber.
3)Newsisanyevent,ideaoropinionthatistimely,thatinterestsoraffectsalargenumberofpeopleinacommunityandthatiscapableofbeingunderstoodbythem.
4)Newsisthereportingofanythingtimelywhichhasimportance,use,orinteresttoaconsiderablenumberofpersonsinapublicationaudience.
Questionsforthinking:
Whatthingsarenewsworthy?
Whatarethequalitiesofagoodnewsstory?
humaninterest(人情味)
ordinaryperson(s)+usualoccurrence(s)≠news
Xiaohonggoestoschool.
ordinaryperson(s)+unusualoccurrence(s)=news
Xiaohongkillsherself.
extraordinaryperson(s)+usualoccurrence(s)=news
ZhangBaizhiandXieTingfengdevoiced
extraordinaryperson(s)+unusualoccurrence(s)=bignews
JackieChanhasmadedonationsforearthquakerelief.
Aneventthathappenedthedayofordaybeforepublicationoraneventthatisduetohappenintheimmediatefutureisconsideredtimely.
Someeventsthathappenedinthepastalsomaybeconsideredtimelyiftheyareprintedonananniversaryoftheevent,suchasone,fiveor10yearsaftertheincident.
Aneventmaybeofinteresttolocalreadersbecauseithappenedinorclosetothecommunity.
theunusual,freshanduniquenatureofanevent
Awell-knownsaying:
“Itisnotnewswhenadogbitesaman,butabsolutelynewswhenyoufindamanbitesadog.”
Peoplewhoarewell-knownfortheiraccomplishments—primarilyentertainers,athletesorpeoplewhohavegainedfameforachievements,goodorbad—attractalotofattention.
Thisstoryranonthefrontpagebecauseofthecelebritystatusoftheentertainers.
Peoplelikestoriesaboutpeoplewhohavespecialproblems,achievementsorexperiences.
Thesestoriescanbeprofiles(人物简介)orunusualstoriesaboutpeoplethatmakereaderscareabouttheirplight(境况).
Science,businessorreligionortosuchspecialgroupsaswomen,minorities,disabledpeople,veterans,collegestudentsorothergroupswithparticularinterests.
Storiesinvolvingconflictspeoplehavewithgovernmentorotherpeopleareoftennewsworthy,especiallywhentheconflictreflectslocalproblems.
Helpfulness:
Consumers,healthandotherhow-tostories
Entertainment:
Storiesthatamusereaders,makethemfeelgoodorhelpthemenjoytheirleisuretime.
Inspiration:
Storiesaboutpeoplewhoovercomedifficulties
Whatpartsdoesanewsstoryhave?
Likeallstories,thebasicnewsstoryhasaheadlineandthreegeneralparts:
abeginningcalledthe“lead”,amiddlecalledthe“body”andanending.Andbeforelead,therearedatelineandbyline.
Dateline:
totellreaderswhenandwherethestoryiswritten,important
Byline:
togivecredittothewriter,isalsoveryimportant.
WASHINGTON,JULY8(UPl)-CNNhopestofeatureAsiamoreprominentlyinitsnewsprogramsinordertoshareinJapan'sestimated$50billioninadvertisingrevenuethisyear,accordingtoNEWSWEEK
[合众国际社华盛顿7月8日电]据《新闻周刊》报道,为了在今年日本估计为500亿美元的广告收入中占有份额,美国有线新闻网希望在其新闻节目中更加突出亚洲特色.
Accordingtochannelofbroadcasting:
Accordingtocontents:
Accordingtoregion:
worldnews(有国际新闻)
homenews(国内新闻)
localnews(地方新闻)
hardnews:
storiesofatimelynature(immediacy)abouteventsorconflictsthathavejusthappenedorareabouttohappen.
e.g.
crimes,fires,meetings,protestrallies,
speechesandtestimonyincourtcases.
Softnewscanalsobestoriesthatfocusonpeople,placesorissuesthataffectreaders’lives.Thesetypesofstoriesarecalled“featurestories”(专题报道).
Itisn’tnewsthathappenedovernight,whichdoesnotmeanthatitislessimportantthanhardnews.
urgent(急电)brief(简讯)
flash(快讯)editorials(社论)
features(特写/特稿)personalprofile(人物特写)
anecdote(趣事/轶事)newsreporting(消息报道)
commentariesandcolumns(新闻评论)
breakingnews(突发新闻)
(1)majorPrintmedia(报刊)
ChinaDaily,21stCentury,ShanghaiStar,Businessweekly
(USA)
NewYorkTimes
WashingtonPost
LosAngelesTimes
USAToday
BusinessWeek
WallstreetJournal
Newsweek
Time
Fortune
Reader’sDigest
USANews&worldReport
ChristianScienceMonitor
(Britain)
TheTimeshttp:
//www.thetimes.co.uk/
TheObserverhttp:
//www.observer.co.uk/
TheDailyTelegraphhttp:
//www.dailytelegraph.co.uk/
TheGuardianhttp:
//www.guardian.co.uk/
TheEconomist
TheFinancialTimes
(2)majorElectricalMedia(电子传媒):
NewsAgency,Radio,TV
1)ThomsonReuters
2)AssociatedPress(AP)http:
//www.ap.org/
3)AgencyFrancePress(AFP)
4)theVoiceofAmerica(VOA)http:
//www.voa.gov/
5)BritishBroadcastingCorporation(BBC)
6)CableNewsNetwork(CNN)
Makethepresentationinthenextclass.
Searchinformationandprepareforanewsreport.
Fillthefollowingtable
AQualitySelectionofArticlesfromAmerican&EnglishNewspapers&Magazines
TeachingPeriod2
ThinkandTalk
•AreyouinterestedinreadingEnglishnewspapersandmagazines?
Whatnewspapersandmagazinesdoyouusuallyreadinyourleisuretime?
CanyouintroducesomedomesticEnglishnewspapersandmagazines?
Thestandardsofnewspapers
Onceinaweekatleast.
Printbymachine.
Anyonecanbuy.
l Causepublicinterest.
l Certaineffect.
l Stability.
---ThePressandAmerica
Dr.EdwinEmery&MichaelEmery
Anewspaperisapublicationcontainingnews,information,andadvertising.
General-interestnewspapersoftenfeaturearticlesonpoliticalevents,crime,business,art,entertainment,societyandsports.
Mosttraditionalpapersalsofeatureaneditorialpagecontainingcolumnsthatexpressthepersonalopinionsofwriters.
Supplementarysectionsmaycontainadvertising,comics,andcoupons.
Journalese新闻文体
Englishofastylefeaturedbyuseofcolloquialisms,superficialityofthoughtorreasoning,cleverorsensationalpresentationofmaterial,andevidenceofhasteincomposition,consideredcharacteristicofnewspaperwriting.
editorialopinions,criticism,persuasionandobituaries;
entertainmentsuchascrosswordsandhoroscopes;
weathernewsandforecasts;
advice,gossip,foodandothercolumns;
criticalreviewsofmovies,playsandrestaurants;
classifiedads;displayads,
editorialcartoonsandcomicstrips.
TheGerman-languageRelationallerFürnemmenundgedenckwürdigenHistorien,printedfrom1605onwardsbyJohannCarolusinStrasbourg,isoftenrecognizedasthefirstnewspaper.
ThefirstnewspaperinChina《中外新报》waspublishedin1858.
ThefirstnewspaperinFrancewaspublishedin1631,LaGazette.
•Corante,orweekelynewesfromItaly,Germany,Hungary,Poland,Bohemia,FranceandtheLowCountreys.waspublishedinEnglandin1621.
•InBostonin1690,BenjaminHarrispublishedPublicOccurrencesBothForeignand
Domestic.
Discussion.
•Reference:
PrivateNature
Thetruepurposeofnewspaperisalways
basedonmoney,power,interest,benefits
andsoon.
Especiallyrightnow,newshasbeentaken
assomething,whichcanbeboughtorsold
ClassificationofEnglishNewspaper
contentandstyle
•QualityPapers(高级报纸):
knownas“broadsheet”(大报),reportsandobservesthebigshotsallovertheworld,aswellasinformationformfinance,business,technology,science,educationandculture.Itfeaturescomments,editorials,lettersfromreadersandcolumns.
•PopularPapers(大众化报纸):
knownas“tabloid”(小报),suppliesentertainmentforkillingtime,justreportingthebigshotsbrieflyinshortpassages.Itemphasizes
socialnews,features(特写)ofhumanfeelings,
anecdotes,sportsandentertainments.
DesignofQualityNewspaper
NewspaperLayout
SizeofsomeUSAnewspapers(2009-2010)
1)TheNewYorkTimes(Tuesday,march2.2010)
56cm/30.5cm
2).TheWallStreetjournal58cm\30.5cm
3)ThePhiladelphiaDailyNews(May19,20